Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in CHOP regimen for un-treated elderly patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods:In a prospective phase II study, we analyzed the feasibility of PLD-modified CHOP regimen in elderly patients with advanced stages of DLBCL. PLD was administered at 30 mg/m2 in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone at standard doses every 21 d for six cycles. CD20 positive patients were given option for rituximab treatment. Results:From November 2011 to March 2014, 30 patients with a median age of 70 years (range:63 to 80) were enrolled in this study. Up to 24 cases (80.0%) obtained an International Prognostic Index of≥3. The overall re-sponse rate was 86.7%, and the complete remission rate was 66.7%. With a median follow-up of 20.1 months, the 18-month overall and progression-free survival rates were 82.4%and 70.1%, respectively. The main toxicity was neutropenia, reaching grades 3 to 4 in the 24 cases (80.0%). No significant changes existed in patients' left ventricular ejection fraction and serum troponin-T during the study. Four patients (13.3%) showed asymptomatic abnormal changes in electrocardiogram after PLD infusion. Conclusion:CHOP regimen with PLD is an effective alternative for the treatment of DLBCL in elderly patients, exhibiting an acceptable toxicity.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical outcomes of tendon allograft reconstruction with arthroscopy minimally invasive technique at stage I for the treatment of knee dislocation with multiple ligaments injury.

METHODSForty-eight patients with knee dislocation were reconstructed anterior and posterior ligament under arthroscopy at stage I from January 2008 to January 2012, and repaired ligaments injury of knee joint by minimally invasive technique. There were 38 males and 10 females aged from 20 to 59 years old with an average of 35.6 years old; 22 cases on the left side and 26 cases on the right side; the time from injury to operation ranged from 2 d to 2 weeks. Two cases combined with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL) and posterolateral complex injuries, 36 cases combined with ACL, PCL, and MCL injuries, 10 cases combined with ACL, PCL and PLC injuries; 4 cases combined with peroneal nerve injury. Lysholm scoring were used to compared the cases before operation and final following-up to evaluate knee function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 12 to 30 months with an average of (18.2 ± 6.3) months. Activity and stability of joint were obviously improved. Lysholm score were improved from 40.3 ± 4.1 before operation to 87.0 ± 6.4 at final following-up.

CONCLUSIONReconstruction with arthroscopy minimally invasive technique at stage I for the treatment of knee dislocation with multiple ligaments injury could recover stability of joint better,reserve joint function. Preoperative training and postoperative individualized rehabilitation treatment is the key point of recover knee joint function.

Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Dislocation ; rehabilitation ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Trauma ; surgery ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; injuries ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

In order to develop characteristic folk medicine resources in Jiangxi, a pharmacognostical study was systematically performed for four different origin plants of Sikuaiwa, the result of study provides the microscopic features of powder and tissue of the crude drug. The research provided reference for the identification of Sikuaiwa, as well as a theoretical basis for the further development and the formulation of quality standards.
Magnoliopsida ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Medicine, Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

The present study is to establish Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-cultured cells and investigate the transport capability of PLGA nanoparticles with different surface chemical properties across Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-cultured cells. PLGA-NPs, mPEG-PLGA-NPs and chitosan coated PLGA-NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) as carrier material with surface modified by methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) and chitosan. The particle size and zeta potential of nanoparticles were measured by dynamic light scattering. Coumarin 6 was used as a fluorescent marker in the transport of nanoparticles investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The transport of furanodiene (FDE) loaded nanoparticles was quantitively determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Colchicine and nocodazole were used in the transport study to explore the involved endocytosis mechanisms of nanoparticles. Distribution of the tight junction proteins ZO-1 was also analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that the nanoparticles dispersed uniformly. The zeta potential of PLGA-NPs was negative, the mPEG-PLGA-NPs was close to neutral and the CS-PLGA-NPs was positive. The entrapment efficiency of FDE in all nanoparticles was higher than 75%. The transport capability of mPEG-PLGA-NPs across Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-cultured cells was higher than that of PLGA-NPs and CS-PLGA-NPs. Colchicine and nocodazole could significantly decrease the transport amount of nanoparticles. mPEG-PLGA-NPs could obviously reduce the distribution of ZO-1 protein than PLGA-NPs and CS-PLGA-NPs. The transport mechanism of PLGA-NPs and mPEG-PLGA-NPs were indicated to be a combination of endocytosis and paracellular way, while CS-PLGA-NPs mainly relied on the endocytosis way. PEG coating could shield the surface charge and enhance the hydrophilicity of PLGA nanoparticles, which leads mPEG-PLGA-NPs to possess higher anti-adhesion activity. As a result, mPEG-PLGA-NPs could penetrate the mucus layer rapidly and transport across Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-cultured cells.
Biological Transport ; Caco-2 Cells ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Coculture Techniques ; Drug Carriers ; Furans ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; metabolism ; HT29 Cells ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Zonula Occludens-1 Protein ; metabolism

Objectives To summarize the characteristics,differential diagnosis and management of incomplete 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-1yase deficiency(17 OHD)of Chinese patients.Methods Six cases of incomplete 17 OHD from Peking Union Medical College Hospital were studied retrospectively through analyzing their clinical data,and the molecular pathogenic mechanism was discussed after literature review.Results Four cases of 46,XX incomplete 17 OHD were reported.The clinical characteristics included female phenotype,various degrees of breast development and absent or sparse axillary/pubic hair, oligomenorrhea or secondary amenorrhea,recurrent luteinized ovarian cysts,hypogonadism with persistent hyperprogesteronemia or high serum 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone level,with or without hypokalemic hypertension.There were also 2 cases of 46,XY incomplete 17 OHD,in which ambiguous genitalia were present besides hypokalemic hypertension.Conclusions Incomplete 17 OHD is a very rare form of congenital enzymatic deficiencies of steroid synthesis,which should be included in the differential diagnosis when there are menstrual disorders,sexual infantilism,recurrent ovarian cysts or ambiguous genitalia.Under such circumstances,hyperprogesteronemia offers a valuable clue for further investigation.

Objective:Primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PGLBCL) is a highly common subtype of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We analyzed the disease's clinical features and prognosis to guide better treatment. Methods:We retrospectively collect-ed data from PGLBCL cases seen from January 1999 to March 2012 in one cancer center. We then analyzed the demographic character-istics, clinical stage, histological diagnosis, complications, treatment, and prognostic characteristics of such patients. Results:A total of 126 patients with median age of 49 years old (range:16-81 years) were included in the study. The male-to-female ratio was 68:58. A to-tal of 96 patients were pathologically diagnosed with pure diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 27 with mucosa-assouated lymphoid (MALT) component, and 3 with plasmacytoid differentiation. Meanwhile, 90%of the patients were in the early stage of the disease. For the early-stage patients, treatment strategy included surgery+chemotherapy ± radiotherapy for 38 cases, chemoradiotherapy for 39 cases, chemotherapy alone for 37 cases, and surgery alone for 1 case. Under a median follow up of 48 months, the 4-year progres-sion free survival (PFS) and overall ourvival (OS) rate of the whole group were 75.6%and 82.7%, respectively. PFS rates for early and advanced stage patients were 77%and 41.7%(P=0.005), respectively. For the early-stage patients treated with chemotherapy alone, chemoradiotherapy, and surgery with therapy, the PFS rates were 67.3%, 77.8%, and 77.8%(P=0.588), respectively. The patients with international prognostic index (IPI) score of 0, 1, and>1 achieved PFS of 85.4%, 74.4%, and 55.6%(P=0.011), respectively. The PFS rates were 81.2%and 66.1%(P=0.018) for stagesⅠandⅡ, respectively, and 86.6%and 63.3%(P=0.006) for the normal and elevated LDH levels, respectively. The pathological type of pure DLBCL or a MALT component, GCB or non-GCB origin, and age more than 60 years old were not associated with prognosis. Conclusion:The majority of the PGLBCL patients were in the early stage of disease, but the outcome of early-stage disease was favorable. Surgery did not improve outcomes. Univariate analysis demonstrated that IPI score>1, stageⅡdisease, and elevated LDH levels were associated with poor prognosis in the early-stage patient.

Objective To screen differentially expressed genes in placentas with hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection and to discuss the molecular mechanism of HBV intrauterine infection.Methods Thirty placenta tissue specimens from HBsAg and HBV DNA positive pregnant women were used as the study group and 30 placenta tissue specimens from normal pregnant women with HBsAg and HBV DNA negativity were served as the control group.The suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH)technique was used.Total RNAs of placenta tissue of the study group were mixed as the tester,and total RNAs of placenta tissue of the control group were mixed as the driver.A subtractive cDNA library was constructed by PCR-selective cDNA subtraction systems.Amplifications of the library were carried out with E.coil strain DH5? by reverse spot hybridization.RT-PCR confirmed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)was up-regulated in placenta tissue with HBV infection.Results Colony PCR showed that the clones contained 200-1000 bp inserts. Thirty five clones were confirmed by reverse spot hybridization and analyzed by sequencing and bioinformatics.Thirty three known genes and 2 genes with unknown function were obtained.RT-PCR preliminarily confirmed that PI3K gene was up-regulated in HBV infected placenta.Conclusions The differentially expressed genes in placentas with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection using SSH technique has been screened out successfully.These differentially expressed genes encoding proteins participating in cell vital metabolism and malformation,and signal conduction-antiapoptosis pathway.This finding brings some new clues for studying the mechanisms of HBV intrauterine infection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate genetic polymorphisms of 10 short tandem repeats loci (D6S1043, D7S3048, D9S925, D10S2325, D11S2368, D14S608, D15S659, D17S1290, D20S470 and GATA198B05) in Tibetans from Lhasa, China.

METHODSFollowing extraction, DNA from 208 unrelated Tibetan individuals was amplified with a self-designed multiplex PCR system. The amplified fragments were separated by electrophoresis on an ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer and analyzed with GeneMapper®3.2 software.

RESULTSThe distributions of genotype for the 10 STR loci in the population were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The polymorphism information component for the 10 loci was 0.750-0.860, the degree of heterozygosity was 0.726-0.865, the discrimination power was 0.919-0.968, and the probability of exclusion was 0.470-0.725. The combined probability of exclusion and combined discrimination power was 0.9998 and 0.999 999 999 997, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAbove STR loci have high probability of exclusion and discrimination power, which can be used as candidate markers for population genetic research and forensic practice for Tibetans from Lhasa, China.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic

To investigate the effects of particle size, mPEG molecular weight, coating density and zeta potential of monomethoxyl poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (mPEG-PLGA) nanoparticles on their transportation across the rat nasal mucosa, mPEG-PLGA-NPs with different mPEG molecular weights (M(r) 1 000, 2 000) and coating density (0, 5%, 10%, 15%) and chitosan coated PLGA-NP, which loaded coumarin-6 as fluorescent marker, were prepared with the nanoprecipitation method and emulsion-solvent evaporation method, and determine their particle size, zeta potential, the efficiency of fluorescent labeling, in vitro leakage rate and the stability with the lysozyme were determined. The effects of physical and chemical properties on the transmucosal transport of the fluorescent nanoparticles were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The result showed that the size of nanoparticles prepared with nanoprecipitation method varied between 120 and 200 nm; the size of nanoparticles prepared with emulsion-solvent evaporation method varied between 420 and 450 nm. Nanoparticles dispersed uniformly; the zeta potential of PLGA-NPs was negative; mPEG-PLGA-NPs was close to neutral; chitosan coated PLGA-NPs was positive; and the efficiency of fluorescent labeling were higher than 80%. In vitro leak was less than 5% within 4 h and nanoparticles were basically stable with lysozyme. The CLSM results show that the transportation efficiency of mPEG-PLGA-NPs with a high PEG coating density and high mPEG molecular weight was significantly higher than that of uncoated PLGA nanoparticles and also that of chitosan coated PLGA-NPs (P < 0.05). The hydrophilcity, zeta potential and particle size of nanoparticles play important roles on the efficiency of mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles to transport across the rat nasal mucosa.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Female ; Male ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Molecular Weight ; Nanoparticles ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Particle Size ; Polyesters ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Hair Dyes ; toxicity ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Young Adult