Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Program Evaluation

Objective To investigate current status of narcotic analgesic use in patients with cancer pain in our hospital, in order to promote the rationalization of prescribing narcotic drugs and the rational use of analgesics. Methods A total of 400 narcotic prescriptions ( 100 of outpatients and 300 of inpatients ) in Tongji hospital were randomly selected from March to May in 2014.Basic index and consumption of anesthetic drugs, money consumption distribution on different tumor types, and unreasonable prescription were analyzed. Results The overall prevalence of irrational prescriptions was 11. 00%, with 13.00% from inpatient and 10. 33% from outpatient, respectively. Reasons for irrational prescriptions mainly included vague instructions on dosage and administration, incomplete clinical diagnosis, lack of pharmacist check and inappropriate dosage. In the basic indexes, proportions of reasonable prescription and drugs within the national formulary were higher in the inpatient than in the outpatient service.The average money consumption of outpatient prescription was significantly higher than that of inpatient prescription.Most types of diagnosis were lung cancer in outpatient and inpatient departments, and total cost of lung cancer drugs was the highest.Morphine hydrochloride of outpatient had the highest average consumption, followed by codeine phosphate of the outpatient and the inpatient, and oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets cost more in inpatient. Conclusion The narcotic analgesic used in our hospital is basically rational. Most doctors prescribe according to the guidelines, but standardized training of prescription for cancer patients with pain medication needs to be strengthened, and supervision of narcotic analgesic medication should be enhanced.

Hot-melt extrusion was applied to prepare mesoporous silica/ethylcellulose mini-matrix for sustained release, and fenofibrate was used as a model drug, ethylcellulose and xanthan gum were chosen as sustained-release agent and releasing moderator, respectively. This novel matrix obtained the controlled release ability by combining mesoporous silica drug delivery system and hot-melt extrusion technology. And mesoporous silica particle (SBA-15) was chosen as drug carrier to increase the dissolution rate of fenofibrate in this martix. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, small angle X-ray powder diffraction and N2 adsorption-desorption were introduced to determine the particle morphology, particle size and pore structure of the synthesized SBA-15. The results showed that SBA-15 had a very high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area, a narrow pore size distribution, large pore volume and a ordered two-dimensional hexagonal structure of p6mm symmetry. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction results demonstrated that fenofibrate dispersed in an amorphous state inside the pores of the mesoporous silica which contributed to the improvement in the dissolution rate. The drug release of mini-matrices was influenced by ethylcellulose viscosity grades and xanthan gum concentration, which increased with the increasing of xanthan gum concentration and decreasing of ethylcellulose viscosity. Mini-matrix containing 22% xanthan gum exhibited a good sustained release performance, and the drug release behavior followed the first-order kinetics.
Adsorption ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Cellulose ; analogs & derivatives ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Porosity ; Powder Diffraction ; Powders ; Silicon Dioxide ; Solubility ; X-Ray Diffraction

A field trial was carried out to study the influence of different kinds of spring topdressing on growth, yield and quality of Ligusticum chuanxiong. The results showed that the spring topdressing had effects of improving root length, tiller numbers and plant height to some extent. At the same time the chlorophyll content and dry weight accumulation especially the dry weight of root increased significantly. It also showed that the yield increased and quality was improved significantly. The effect of different treatment with urea58.7 kg x hm(-2)(N 27 kg x hm(-2)) was the best and the treatment with N,P,K the second.
Alkaloids ; metabolism ; Coumaric Acids ; metabolism ; Fertilizers ; Ligusticum ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seasons

OBJECTIVETo establish a technical process for purification of extract of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis.

METHODThe static adsorption capacity and elution ratio of Mixture of proanthocyanidins tannic condensation were used as evaluation to select the best resin in 3 kinds of macroporous resin. The adsorptive characteristics and elution parameters of selected resin were studied.

RESULTD-101 resin had good separation performance and was suited to purify priceid in extract of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis.

CONCLUSIONThe process of applying macroporous resin to absorb and purity priceid in extract of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotoryis is feasible.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fagopyrum ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Resins, Plant ; chemistry

Adult ; Complementarity Determining Regions ; genetics ; Female ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo analyze the expression and clinical values of HPV L1 capsid protein and p16INK4a protein in uterine cervical lesions.

METHODSFifty-four cervical intraepithelial neoplasias CIN1, 44 CIN2, 78 CIN3, and 48 squamous cell carcinoma were included in this study. All CIN and squamous carcinomas were stained with anti-HPV L1 capsid protein antibodies and anti-p16INK4a antibody. Forty-five CIN1 patients were followed up for 6 years.

RESULTSForty-five CIN1 patients were followed up for 6 years, among them 6 cases showed a progression (One case changed to CIN3, 5 cases to CIN2). L1 positivity was found in 50 cases which decreased with CIN increasing (χ(2) = 259.923, P < 0.001) while p16INK4a positivity was found in 177 cases which co-increased with CIN (χ(2) = 48.842, P < 0.001). L1(-)p16INK4a (-) or L1(+)p16INK4a(-) appeared mainly in CIN1 while L1(-)p16INK4a(+) appeared mainly in CIN2 lesions. No progression was found in the group of L1(-)p16INK4a(-) CIN1 patients. The risk of CIN1 progression in L1(-)p16INK4a(+) group was 66.7% while L1(+)p16INK4a(-) group was 9.5%, and L1(+)p16INK4a(+) group was 33.3%.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of p16INK4a together with HPV L1 are different in various cervical lesions, and the combined detection of p16INK4a and HPV L1 can be helpful for estimating the biological potentiality of CIN lesions.

Adult ; Aged ; Capsid Proteins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; metabolism ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; metabolism ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo summarize the therapeutic experience and analyse the clinical effects of anatomical plate and combined external fixator for the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric hip fractures.

METHODSFrom Oct.2006 to Jun.2009, 42 patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures were treated. Among them, 19 patients were treated with combined external fixator, included 7 males and 12 females, aged from 71 to 103 years old; according to Evans classification there were 3 of type 1, 5 of type II, 6 of type III, 5 of type IV. The other 23 patients were treated with anatomical plate, included 9 males and 14 females, aged from 73 to 97 years old; there were 5 of type I , 4 of type II, 10 of type II, 2 of type IV, 2 of type V. Comparisons and statistical analysis were made on operation time, blood loss during operation, hospitalization time, the time of loaded walking, fracture healing time and therapeutic effect.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 6 to 15 months with an average of 8.6 months. In combined external fixator group, the average operation time was (29.368 +/- 3.253) min, the average blood loss during operation was (30.526 +/- 5.242) ml, the average hospitalization time was (4.368 +/- 1.165) d, the average time of loaded walking was (14.526 +/- 1.867) weeks, the fracture healing time was (14.632 +/- 2.798) weeks; in the anatomical plate group above-mentioned indexes were (58.987 +/- 8.600) min, (256.090 +/- 30.112) ml, (13.783 +/- 1.976) d, (11.391+/- 1.644) weeks, (11.391 +/- 2.327) weeks,respectively; and there were significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). According to Harris score criterion, the scores of combined external fixator group was (86.368 0 +/- 3.640) scores,and the scores of anatomical plate group was (86.435 +/- 4.198) scores; there were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effect of combined external fixator and anatomical plate for the elderly intertrochanteric hip fractures are both satisfactory and each has its own merits. Combined external fixator has advantages such as fewer complications and operative injuries than that of anatomical plate and is more suitable for the weaker with elderly intertrochanteric hip fractures.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Weight-Bearing

OBJECTIVETo study the role of the HBV-infected mothers' PBMC in intrauterine transmission of HBV to their fetuses.

METHODSThirty pregnant women with serum HBV DNA negative and PBMC HBV DNA positive and their newborns were used as the study group. Ten pregnant women with serum HBV negative and their infants served as the control group. HBV DNA in serum and in PBMC was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR). The mothers' PBMC in newborns' peripheral blood was examined using heminested-PCR.

RESULTSFour newborns were serum HBV DNA positive and 8 newborns were HBV DNA positive in PBMC in the study group. Among them, 2 newborns were HBV DNA positive in both serum and PBMC, 6 cases were positive in PBMC only, and 2 cases were positive in serum only. Five mothers had the GSTM1 gene; and it was not detected in 3 newborns. Among the 8 newborns with HBV DNA positive in PBMC, 3 did not have the GSTM1 gene, at the same time their mothers possessed the GSTM1 gene. Mothers' PBMC were detected in all of these three newborns' peripheral blood. HBV DNA in serum and in PBMC of the control group infants were all negative.

CONCLUSIONHBV-infected PBMC of the mother may serve as a vector in HBV intrauterine infection.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; virology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), an effective component extracted from Panax notoginseng, on atherosclerotic plaque angiogenesis in atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-KO) mice fed with high-fat, high-cholesterol diet.

METHODSTwenty ApoE-KO mice were divided into two groups, the model group and the PNS group. Ten normal C57BL/6J mice were used as a control group. PNS (60 mg/kg) was orally administered daily for 12 weeks in the PNS group. The ratio of plaque area to vessel area was examined by histological staining. The tissue sample of aortic root was used to detect the CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression areas by immunohistochemistry. The expression of VEGF and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunit 4 (NOX4) were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting respectively.

RESULTSAfter treatment with PNS, the plaque areas were decreased (P<0.05). CD34 expressing areas and VEGF expression areas in plaques were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Meanwhile, VEGF and NOX4 mRNA expression were decreased after treatment with PNS. VEGF and NOX4 protein expression were also decreased by about 72% and 63%, respectively (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONPNS, which decreases VEGF and NOX4 expression, could alleviate plaque angiogenesis and attenuate atherosclerosis.

Animals ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; NADPH Oxidase 4 ; NADPH Oxidases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism