OBJECTIVETo investigate the relation between lipoprotein (a) (LP(a)) and cerebral infarction in young adults.

METHODSSerum LP(a) of 90 young adults (age below 45 years) with cerebral infarction was measured. Serum lipids include triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were also measured. Other possible risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, drinking and family stroke history were reviewed.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference of serum LP(a) value between stroke patients and controls. TG (P < 0.01) and ApoB (P < 0.01) values in patients with cerebral infarction were significant higher than those in controls. Lipoprotein (a) was correlated with total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, with the values of correlation coefficient (r) 0.28 and 0.23 (both P < 0.01). After adjustment for age, sex, hypertension, smoking, drinking alcohol, family stroke history and other serum lipids, the odd radio for LP(a) and cerebral infarction was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.27 - 1.98). The odd radio for elevated TG was 3.57 (95% CI: 1.34 - 9.49); The odd ratios for hypertension, heart diseases and smoking as risk factors for cerebral infarction in young patients showed as: hypertension OR = 8.18, 95% CI: 2.54 - 26.33; heart diseases: OR = 8.51, 95% CI: 2.27 - 31.85; smoking: OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.27 - 8.13.

CONCLUSIONLP(a) might not be a risk factor for cerebral infarction in young patients while elevated triglyceride, hypertension, heart diseases and smoking were important risk factors in young adults with cerebral infarction.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Cerebral Infarction ; blood ; epidemiology ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Lipoprotein(a) ; blood ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the mutation of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) gene in Chinese patients with autosomal recessive(AR) dopa-responsive dystonia(DRD) and to lay a solid basis for gene diagnosis of AR-DRD in China.

METHODSMutation analysis of TH gene was performed in 5 probands with AR-DRD and 2 sporadic patients with DRD by use of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) combining DNA direct sequencing.

RESULTSThe PCR-SSCP analysis and DNA direct sequencing following PCR revealed no mutation in all the 14 exons of TH gene.

CONCLUSIONThe mutation rate of TH gene in Chinese patients with AR-DRD is low, hence suggesting the genetic heterogeneity and a new locus for AR-DRD.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Dystonia ; ethnology ; genetics ; Female ; Genes, Recessive ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; genetics

The paper is to report the pharmacokinetic character of a series of chemical compounds in vitro and in vivo. Metabolism stability of a series of chemical compounds was screened by using rat liver microsomes. The samples of different chemical compounds were combined and then simultaneously detected by LC-MS/MS. Compounds y13, y12 and y11 were screened out by microstability assay in vitro. The pharmacokinetics of compounds y11, y12 and y13 was evaluated by using SD rat. The plasma samples were pooled at the same time. The plasma concentrations were determined by LC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic character of two compounds y13, y11 was good by screening in vivo, so they were developed for further research. High-throughput screening of drug candidates in vitro and in vivo was effective, to provide information for the chemical structure information and lower the drug development risk.
Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Female ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; methods ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; metabolism ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; Pharmacokinetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods

The systematic treatment based on gemcitabine plus cisplatin is recommended as the current standard chemotherapy for unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancers.However,the exact benefits from the recognized regime are still dismal.We thus elicit this study in an attempt to analyze whether targeted therapy coupled with various chemotherapy could produce improvement of survival benefits.The clinical trials were searched electronically from databases till July 2016 published in English and Chinese.Nine hundred and sixty-four patients from 7 trials were identified in our analysis.The overall analysis achieved a significantly higher overall response rate (ORR) among the patients treated with targeted drugs plus chemotherapy than chemotherapy alone (OR=1.87;95％ CI:1.37-2.57;P=0.000),but failed in the overall progression-free survival (PFS) [mean difference (MD)=0.63;95％ CI:-0.45-1.72;P=0.26] and overall survival (OS) (MD=-0.67;95％ CI:-2.54-1.20;P=0.49).In the sub analysis,better ORR was obtained with the addition of EGFR (OR=1.75;95％ CI:1.20-2.56;P=0.004) and VEGFR (OR=2.5;95％ CI:1.28-4.87;P=0.007) targeted therapy.Furthermore,the sub analysis of EGFR target showed an significant improvement on PFS (MD=l.36;95％ CI:0.29-2.43;P=0.01).No significant differences were observed in the incidences ofneutropenia (OR=1.37;95％ CI:0.89-2.12),thrombocytopenia (OR=l.40;95％ CI:0.83-2.39),anemia (OR=l.21;95％ CI:0.62-2.38),peripheral neuropathy (OR=1.52;95％ CI:0.81-2.88),increased AST/ALT (OR=l.40;95％ CI:0.82-2.39) as well as fatigue (OR=1.65;95％ CI:0.96-2.84) in either of the treatment groups.In conclusion,better ORR associated with chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy (both targeting EGFR and VEGF) is found in the present mcta-analysis without the cost of increased unacceptable toxicities,but regretfully not for the OS.The sub-analysis of targeting EGFR instead of VEGF obtains a superior PFS.Otherwise,there is no statistically significant difference in the overall PFS between the combination regime and chemotherapy alone.Given the paucity of favorable data,we need further studies to characterize optimal targeted agents to confirm the potential value to biliary tract cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of replication-competent adenovirus-mediated interleukin-12 gene to chemotherapeutic sensitivity on gastric cancer cell.

METHODSReplication-competent adenovirus and replication-competent adenovirus- mediated interleukin- 12 gene was constructed and expanded separately. The mortality of gastric cancer cell caused by the CNHK200- mIL- 12, Onyx- 015 in combination with different dosages of chemotherapeutic agents were evaluated by MTT assay at the same viral titer with a series of different dosages of chemotherapeutic agent,or at a series of different viral titers with the same dosage of chemotherapeutic agent. The curative effect to the xenografts gastric tumor in nude mouse was also observed by two viruses solely or together with 5-Fu.

RESULTSThe lytic activity of replication-competent adenovirus to gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was relatively poor at MOI value of 0.5, but it could be improved significantly when combined with chemotherapeutic agents of ADM, 5-Fu or CAP compared to the simple chemical therapy (P< 0.05). Chemotherapeutic agent 5- Fu could not effectively kill SGC-7901 when used at a relatively low dosage of 10microg/ml,whereas its activity could be improved when combined with a replication-competent adenovirus,and the killing rate was much higher than that with replication-competent adenovirus solely (P< 0.05). The gastric tumor xenografts was prevented and killed by replication adenovirus solely or combined with 5-Fu.

CONCLUSIONThe replication- competent adenovirus- mediated interleukin- 12 gene can increase the chemotherapeutic sensitivity on gastric cancer cell. There is synergetic effect between the replication adenovirus and the chemotherapeutic agents in killing gastric cancer cell.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Viral Vaccines ; Virus Replication

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of RHBDD1 gene in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and explore its clinical significance. The relative expression levels of RHBDD1 in bone marrow mononuclear cells of healthy controls and CML patients were detected by using real time PCR. The results showed that the expression level of RHBDD1 in CML patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls. The expression level of RHBDD1 in CML patients with negative BCR/ABL p210 was remarkably higher than that in patients with positive BCR/ABL p210. In patients ≥ 50 years old RHBDD1 expression was lower than the patients < 50 years old. There were no significant relation of RHBDD1 expression with sex of patients. It is concluded that RHBDD1 gene may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of CML, particularly reflects in the pathogenesis of the patients with negative BCR/ABL p210.
Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serine Endopeptidases ; genetics ; metabolism

FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) is a recently described member of the FGF family. It has been previously demonstrated that FGF21 is a potent regulator of glucose homeostasis. To improve stability of FGF21 for better efficacy, a new form of recombinant FGF21 was generated by fusion of a full length FGF21 gene and the Fc fragment of human IgG4 with flexible linker sequence. To examine the glucose regulation activity of FGF21-L-Fc, 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes, and glucose uptake activity of FGF21-L-Fc was examined by glucose oxidase and peroxidase (GOD-POD) assay. The results showed that in comparison with wild type FGF21, FGF21-L-Fc was more potent in stimulation of glucose uptake by 3T3-L1. In vivo studies on the modified protein demonstrated that FGF-L-Fc had a better efficacy in lowering blood glucose of the STZ-induced diabetic animals and controlled glucose level for a longer time. The results provided a sound basis for further studies.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Immunoglobulin G ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular mechanism and prevention of retinoic acid syndrome (RAS).

METHODSSDF-1 alpha mRNA from healthy adult lung tissue was measured by RT-PCR, CXCR4 protein expression on the cell membrane of APL cells induced by ATRA (APL-ATRA) was tested by FCM, and the rotary cell culture system (RCCS) was used to build a modal for in vitro stimulation of APL-ATRA infiltrating human lung tissue. The ability of APL-ATRA in adhesion, migration and infiltration was observed by interference from DEX, Ara-C and DNR.

RESULTSThe APL-ATRA cells could evidently infiltrate into normal lung tissue. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CXCR4 on the cell membrane of APL-ATRA cells was 30.6 +/- 1.8, which was much higher than that on unspecialized APL cells (9.8 +/- 4.2). SDF-1 alpha mRNA expression was detected positive in all 6 lung tissue. Contrary to the control groups, DEX could dramatically restrain the ability of APL-ATRA cells in adhesion and migration [(27.2 +/- 2.6)% vs. (46.0 +/- 3.0)%, (28.1 +/- 4.0)% vs. (48.2 +/- 3.0)%], while Ara-C and DNR could distinctly depress the ability in adhesion, migration and infiltration [(28.1 +/- 3.0)%, (30.2 +/- 3.2)% vs. (46.0 +/- 3.0)%; (29.0 +/- 4.0)%, (23.0 +/- 5.2)% vs. (48.2 +/- 3.0)%; (16.8 +/- 7.6)%, (17.1 +/- 6.0)% vs. (43.6 +/- 5.0)%].

CONCLUSIONIn vitro APL-ATRA cells can infiltrate into the human lung tissue. High expression of CXCR4 on APL-ATRA and SDF-1 alpha in the lung tissue may be one of the molecular mechanisms of the lung infiltration and RAS. DEX, Ara-C and DNR can dramatically restrain the ability of APL-ATRA cells in adhesion, migration and infiltration.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Movement ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tretinoin ; adverse effects ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

BACKGROUND: Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) have many merits that embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells do not have, such as no tumorigenicity, rich sources, easy to obtain, low immunogenicity and no medical ethics limit. Therefore, hAECs are expected to be important seed cells for clinical transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of hAECs transplantation labeled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) in a mouse model of liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride. METHODS: hAECs from the human amniotic membrane were collected using enzymatic digestion, and morphology of cells was observed. Expression of keratin 19 in hAECs was detected by immunocytochemistry. Model of liver damage was made in mice by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride.Then,CFSE-labeled hAECs were injected into the liver damage mice via tail vein.Histopathological changes and liver function in mice were observed at 7 and 30 days after transplantation, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The high-purity hAECs were successfully isolated, which expressed keratin 19 shown by immunocytochemical staining. Frozen sections of immunoflrorescence showed that hAECs could be moved to the damaged liver, and exhibited remarkable repair effects on the liver function and histopathology in mice. These findings indicate that hAECs can be used for xenotransplantation and function to promote physiological recovery from liver injury, thereby providing experimental evidence for liver repair with cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the status of child neglect among rural areas children aged 0 - 6 years in China.

METHODSA total of 7411 rural children aged 0 - 6 years old who were composed of two age groups (3315 children aged 0 - 2 years old and 4096 children aged 3 - 6 years old) were multistage stratified randomly sampled from 84 villages which were representative of 10 provinces of China, in accordance with sex and age in November 2010. To identify the child neglect based on the Neglect Norms for Children Aged 0 to 2 and 3 to 6 Years Old in Rural Areas of China, SPSS 13.0 was employed for analyzing neglect frequency and degree for every group of different age, sex and neglect type (including physical, emotional, educational, medical, safety and social neglects). χ(2) test and analysis of variance were also used.

RESULTSThe degree of child neglect for the children aged 0 - 2 years old was 45.01 ± 7.56, the neglect frequency was 54.9% (1819/3315); the degree of child neglect for the children aged 3 - 6 years old was 44.42 ± 7.57, the neglect frequency was 53.8% (2203/4096). The neglect frequency of children aged 0, 1, 2 years old were 58.5% (654/1117), 52.2% (597/1144), 53.9% (568/1054) (P < 0.05). For children aged 3 - 6 years old, the degrees of emotional and safety neglect for males (44.60 ± 7.86, 36.82 ± 9.03) were higher than females (44.03 ± 7.72, 36.25 ± 9.05) (P < 0.05); and the frequencies of emotional and social neglect for males (16.8% (349/2072), 28.3% (586/2072)) were also higher than females (14.1% (286/2024), 24.8% (503/2024)) (P < 0.05). All children of two age groups suffered neglect mainly on one of the six neglect types (incidences were 20.6% (683/3315) and 22.7% (931/4096)). For 0-2 age groups, the higher neglect frequencies happened in the single-parent family and the remarried family (62.5% (15/24) and 63.2% (12/19)), but for children aged 3 - 6 years old groups, it happened in the single-parent family (60.0%, 27/45).

CONCLUSIONDegree and frequency of child neglect among children aged 0 to 6 years old in the rural areas of China are high, and we should find out risk factors and provide efficient prevention measures.

Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; statistics & numerical data ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires