Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hashimoto Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo establish HPLC fingerprint of HQSM capsules,and a new method for correlativity analysis between fingerprint peaks of HQSM and its relevant herbs based on the fingerprint analysis.

METHODThe chromatographic fingerprints of HQSM and its relevant herbs were analyzed by HPLC configured with DAD. The similarity of the HPLC fingerprints between HQSM and its relevant herbs and the comparison of UV spectra of the main peaks in both of fingerprints were used as indices to evaluate the correlativity.

RESULTThe HPLC fingerprint with 16 common peaks was established and the chromatographic peaks were determined.

CONCLUSIONThe established method effectively controlled the quality of HQSM and establised the correlativity between HQSM and its relevant herbs, which would contribute to deduce the chemical components or sources of traditional Chinese medicine prescription.

Capsules ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Ductus Arteriosus ; abnormalities ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital ; complications

HPLC-ELSD was applied to explore the absorption mechanism of pulchinenosides (B3, BD, B7, B10, B11) in rats. The experimental results showed that the absorption rate constant, Ka value (B3, BD) and Permeability coefficient, Peff value (B3, B7) displayed significant difference (P <0.05) in various intestinal segments, The Ka value and Peff value of PRS was different from each other with the highest absorption in duodenum (duodenum > jejunum > colon > ileum); The PRS displayed excessive satuation as the concentration increased over 0.05-2.5 g · L(-1). There were no obvious linear correlations between Peff values and concentrations in duodenum (0.6007 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.7727); Ka and Peff value declined when the PRS was perfused with P-glycoprotein promoter digoxin, on the other hand, inclined when perfused with P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil with significant difference among PRS B3, BD, B7, B11 (P <0.05). All the above results demonstrated that B3, BD, B7 were greatly influenced by absorption sites, duodenum was the main absorption site; PRS didn't entirely transported in a concentration dependent manner, and the transporter-protein involved the transportation, so the intestinal absorption of the five pulchinenosides was not entirely passive diffusion; and PRS might be the substrates of P-glycoprotein.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; physiology ; Animals ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Oleanolic Acid ; pharmacokinetics ; Pulsatilla ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; pharmacokinetics

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of long-term exposure to carbon disulfide (SC(2)) on cardiovascular system of workers.

METHODSThe concentrations of CS(2) were detected in the representative workshops with different exposure levels. The indicators related to cardiovascular system were tested in 633 workers occupationally exposed to CS(2), which included blood pressure, electrocardiogram, blood routine (blood RT), cholesterol (TCHO), triglyceride (TG) and so on. The data were analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe exposure concentration of CS(2) for 389 workers was less than or equal to 5 mg/m(3), which for other 244 workers was higher than 5 mg/m(3). The maximum exposure concentration of CS(2) was 15.73 mg/m(3). There were no significant effects of CS(2) on the electrocardiogram, red blood cells, white blood cells, blood platelet, TCHO and TG of workers. However, the positive effects of CS(2) on blood pressure and negative effects of CS(2) on hemoglobin were found. The rates of high TCHO, TG and hypertension in male workers were significantly higher than those in female workers (P < 0.05). The rates of high TCHO, hypertension and sinus arrhythmia in older workers (≤ 30 years old) were significantly higher than those in young workers (> 30 years old) (P < 0.05). The rate of sinus arrhythmia in workers with 1 - 10 working years was significantly higher than that in workers with more than 10 working years (P < 0.05). The rate of hypertension in workers with 1 - 10 working years was significantly lower than that in workers with more than 10 working years (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere were no significant effects of CS(2) exposure on the indexes of cardiovascular system of workers.

Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; Cardiovascular System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Objective MR microscopy technique was used to study the visualization of senile plaque deposition in brains of the Alzheimer disease(AD)transgenic mice.Methods Two transgenic mice and 2 wild type mice at the age of 17 months were scanned in vivo using T_2 weighted image.After MR imaging,the brains were cut serially and immunostained according to the orthogonal pilot images.MR T_2 weighted images and immunohistological images of the senile plaque were observed and matched.Results The MR images showed that some black spots were visible in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the AD transgenic mice and some spots were consistent with the senile plaques on immunohistological sections.There were no spots in the MR images and the immunohistological sections of the wild type mice.Conclusion It is possible that MR microscopy can be used to detect the deposition of the senile plaque and diagnose AD specifically.

A new method for preparation of Hb solution free of stromal lipid was described. Almost all the lipid in fresh hemolysate of bovine red blood was removed with hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) in the presence of 2% PEG4000, 5% PEG4000, 2%PEG10000 or 5%PEG10000. With the adding of 5%PEG4000, the 80% of recovery of Hb in HIC was obtained and the maximum lipid absorbed by hydrophobic medium, butyl agarose -6B was 86.6 mg/mL. The activity (P50) of hemoglobin preparation was 3386.4 Pa torrs, and the Hill number was 2.54, which were near to that of the native red blood cells. The mechanism of removing lipid by HIC and the function of PEG in the process were discussed.
Animals ; Cattle ; blood ; Hemoglobins ; isolation & purification ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Lipids ; isolation & purification ; Polyethylene Glycols ; pharmacology

This study examined associations between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and serum folate concentrations with the risk of esophageal precancerous lesions (EPL) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The highest quartile of serum folate concentration significantly decreased the risk of ESCC compared with the lowest quartile (OR=0.11; 95% Cl, 0.04-0.33; P<0.05). MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphism was associated with the risk of ESCC by using chi-square tests (P<0.05). For the CT genotype, the risk of ESCC significantly increased in study participants with low serm folate concentrations (≤26.92 μg/L) compared with participants with high serum folate concentrations (>26.92 μg/L) by using multinomial logistic regression models. The MTHFR genotype may further modify associations between serum folate concentrations and the risk of ESCC, but it was not significantly associated with the risk of EPL.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; blood ; genetics ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; blood ; genetics ; Folic Acid ; blood ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) of different intensities on lactate dehydrogernase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and ATPase in brain tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/R).

METHODSForty male SD rats were uniformly randomized into sham operation group (group A), CI/R group (group B), CI/R+5 mA EA (group C), CI/R+3 mA EA (group D) and CI/R+1 mA EA (group E) groups with eight rats in each group. Transient general brain ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion and reperfusion. The rats in group C, group D and group E were punctured and stimulated at Baihui (GV20), Mingmen (GV4) and Zusanli (ST36) with the same intermittent and rarefaction-dense wave (30 to 50 Hz) and different electric current intensities: 5 mA, 3 mA and 1 mA for 20 min after CI/R. Then the activities of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, SDH and LDH in mitochondria of brain tissue were measured by spectrophotometry. The ischemic cerebral cortex tissue was taken for observing the ultrastructure changes of impaired nerve cells.

RESULTSCompared with group A, the activities of LDH, SDH and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase were lowerer in the group B (P<0.05 or P<0.01). However, the activities of LDH, SDH and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase were higher in the group D than those in the group B (P<0.05 orP<0.01). In group A, the anatomical structure of the cerebral cortex cells was basically normal; in group B, the neuronal cellular structures were severely damaged, the neuronal mitochondria got swelling, the mitochondrial cristae were broken, the medullated nerve fifibers were not integrated. In group C, group D and group E, the ultrastructure of impaired neuron were improved. Group D was the best among three groups above.

CONCLUSIONEA of 3 mA intensity could strengthen aerobic metabolism by elevating the activities of SDH and LDH, meanwhile maintaining the ionic equilibrium in the exterior and interior brain cell and relieving the cellular edema by reinforcing the activities of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Electroacupuncture ; Energy Metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of nasal high-frequency ventilation (nHFV) in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). METHODS: A literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBase (Ovid), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, Wanfang Data, and Weipu Data to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the clinical efficacy of nHFV and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in the treatment of NRDS. A Meta analysis was performed on the included RCTs using Rev Man 5.3 software after data extraction and quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.1.0. RESULTS: A total of 4 RCTs involving 218 patients were included. The Meta analysis showed that compared with the nCPAP group, the nHFV group had a significantly better treatment outcome (RR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.39-2.15, P<0.00001). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumothorax and retinopathy of prematurity. CONCLUSIONS Compared with nCPAP, nHFV has better clinical efficacy in the treatment of NRDS, without increasing the risk of related complications.
High-Frequency Ventilation ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; Treatment Outcome