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Gastrins*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect and mechanism of baicalin against beta-lactamases Escherichia coli (ESBLs E. coli) mediated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal transduction pathway.

METHODThe RAW264. 7 cells monolayer pretreated with different concentration of baicalin were inoculated with ESBLs E. coli. The expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Immunofluorescence, respectively. The activity of NF-kappaB was detected by Western blot using total cellular protein. The production of TNF-alpha in supernatant was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA).

RESULTESBLs E. coli significantly up-regulated the expression levels of TLR4 mRNA and protein in a time-dependent manner, induced the activation of NF-KB in RAW264. 7, enhanced the production of TNF-alpha in supernatant. Baicalin down-regulated the expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein, decreased the activation of NF-KB in RAW264. 7 cells and reduced the production of TNF-alpha in supernatant in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONBaicailin could inhibit TLR4 signal transduction pathway. The mechanism of baicalin against ESBLs E. coli may be through inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and its signal transduction pathway.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; physiology ; Escherichia coli Infections ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; microbiology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Mice ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo construct effective RNA-interference plasmids targeting mouse HIF-1alpha gene and testify their effects and specificities in interfering HIF-1alpha expression.

METHODSThree RNA-interference plasmids targeting mouse HIF-1alpha gene, pBS/U6/HIF-1alpha-siRNAI~III, were constructed and identified using double digestion method in the present study. RT-PCR, immunostaining and western blotting were employed to detect the expression alterations of HIF-1alpha in 293T cells following transfections of the three plasmids, respectively. The interference effect of pBS/U6/HIF1alphai-II in SH-SY5Y cell line was further investigated.

RESULTSAll the three RNA-interference plasmids, especially pBS/U6/HIF1alphai-II, showed significant inhibition in HIF-1alpha expression in 293T cell line. pBS/U6/HIF1alphai-II could also inhibit HIF-1alpha expression in SH-SY5Y cell line, in a dose-dependent way.

CONCLUSIONPlasmid pBS/U6/HIF1alphai-II constructed in our study can effectively and specifically inhibit HIF-1alpha expression, and its role in neural tube development and dysfunction will be further investigated. Construct of pBS/U6/HIF1alphai-II plasmid will provide a useful tool to study the role of HIF-1 pathway in embryogenesis, oncogenesis and ischemia development.

Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Gene Silencing ; physiology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Transfection ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore a cosmetic incision in the neck dissection for differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

METHODSAn extended collar incision was used for neck dissection in 82 consecutive patients with thyroid carcinoma from May 1999 to December 2006. The incision was designed to start as a conventional thyroid collar incision, and then to extend it along the skin crease to the anterior border of trapezium, so to avoid the vertical limb of conventional hockey stick incision. There were 60 females and 22 males in this series, with a median age of 40.5 years (range, 10 to 80 years). Ninety-six procedures of neck dissection were performed in 82 patients, including one radical neck dissection, one type I modified neck dissection, 8 type II modified neck dissections, and 86 type III modified neck dissections.

RESULTSThe average time of anesthesia was 197 minutes. The average dissected lymph nodes were 37.5, with average metastasis in 8.8 nodes. Eight patients (9.8%) developed complications related to neck dissection. The follow-up period in these patients were 1 to 96 months with a median follow-up time of 23 months. Cervical recurrence was found in only one patient (1.2%). Neither death nor distant metastasis was observed in this series.

CONCLUSIONIt is feasible to perform a modified neck dissection for differentiated thyroid cancer through the extended collar incision. The preliminary results show that the above described incision is not only oncologically safe, but also offers a cosmetic benefit for the patient with thyroid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; pathology ; surgery ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; etiology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Dissection ; adverse effects ; methods ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplasm of a terminally differentiated B-cell. Human myeloma cell lines were shown to be suitable model systems for use in various fields of the biological sciences. This study was aimed to investigate the genetic aberrations in human multiple myeloma cell lines. Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes for the regions containing 13q14 (RB-1), 13q14.3 (D13S19), 14q32 (IGHC/IGHV) , 1q12 (CEP1), 17p13 (TP53) were was used to detect 7 HMCL and 85 cases of newly diagnosed MM. FISH with LSI IGH/CCND1 , LSI IGH/FGFR3 and LSI IGH/MAF probes were used to detect t(11;14) (q13;q32) , t(4;14) (p16;q32) and t(14;16) (q32;q23) in HMCL and MM with 14q32 rearrangement. The results showed that molecular cytogenetic aberrations were found in all 7 HMCL, six (85.7%) HMCL simultaneously had 13q14, 13q14.3 deletion. Chromosome 1q21 abnormality was found in six (33.3%) HMCL with at least 3 copies amplifications. Illegitimate 14q32 rearrangement was found in five (71.4%) HMCL, including one with t(11;14), two with t(4;14) and three with t(14;16). 17p13 deletion was detected in 5 HMCL. Chromosomal changes were observed in 85.9% of the 85 cases of newly diagnosed MM. The del(13), 1q12 amplification, del(17p), 14q32 rearrangement, t(11;14), t(4;14), t(14;16) were present in 44.7%, 52.9%, 20%, 62.4%, 27.1%, 24.7% and 3.5% of the patients respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of genetic abnormalities of del(13q), 14q32 rearrangement, 1q12 amplification, t(11;14), t(4;14) except del(17p) and t(14;16). It is concluded that HMCL representative of the most aggressive phase of plasma cell neoplasms accumulated a large amount of genetic aberrations. Loss of p53 are strikingly common in HMCL suggesting that the impairment of the P53 tumor suppressor pathway is an important contributor to extramedullary tumor expansion.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; pathology ; Translocation, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

Objective To investigate the characteristics of lesions of acute guttate psoriasis induced by upper respiratory tract infection, and to compare the difference in the different species between patients and healthy controls. Methods A total of 11 cases of acute guttate psoriasis induced by upper respiratory tract infection and 11 cases of healthy control without skin lesions of any dermatosis were included in this study. The 16SrDNA sequencing technology was used for analyzing data. The aseptic cotton swabs were used for sampling. DNA extraction and quality inspection were then performed. PCR amplification, library construction, microbial gene extraction, purification and recovery process were also performed. Then the gene samples were sent to be sequenced and to annotate the species. Finally, the data were analyzed by α and β diversity analysis to find the differences in microbial species and the diversity of microbial community. LEfSe analysis was used to find the species with significant difference, and the results were verified by the rank test. Results There was no significant difference in α diversity analysis between the two groups. There was a trend of difference in β diversity analysis between the two groups. However, LEfSe analysis (LED Score was 4) and rank test (P＜0.05) found that acinetobacter was a statistically significant different species and played a major role in the lesions of acute guttate psoriasis. Conclusion The skin lesions of microbiota is developing from one steady state to another one in the primary or recurrent acute guttate psoriasis patients with the history of upper respiratory infection. The different species of acinetobacter may play a key role in this change. However there is no significant difference in the overall microbial community between two groups.

OBJECTIVETo understand antibody responses to and RNA sequences of Hantavirus in patients with hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome (HFRS) in Yantai areas and to demonstrate the type of the prevalent viruses caused HFRS.

METHODSSerum specimens collected at acute and convalescent stages from 90 patients with HFRS and IgM and IgG antibodies against Hantavirus were detected with ELISA, and cross plaque reduction neutralizing tests were performed to detect neutralizing antibody. Viral RNA was extracted from the patients? sera by using Trizol method and nested PCR was utilized to amplify the specific segments of the viral cDNA and the products of the PCR were TA cloned and then the nucleotide sequences were determined.

RESULTSThe IgM antibody was positive in 82.2% (88/107) of the patients while the IgG antibody was positive in 85.7% (66/77) of the patients. Both the serologic and sequence analyses demonstrated that the epidemic of HFRS in Yantai areas was caused by mixed types of Hantavirus. The prevalent strains of Hantavirus had higher homology with the strains isolated in Korea than with those isolated previously in China.

CONCLUSIONSThe serologic and sequencing analyses indicated that the epidemic of HFRS in Yantai areas was caused by mixed types of Hantavirus dominated by type SEO.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Base Sequence ; China ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Disease Reservoirs ; Hantaan virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; virology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Serotyping

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression level of SOX11 mRNA in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and other B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) and its prognostic value in MCL.

METHODSThe expression level of SOX11 mRNA in 80 B-NHL patients were determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, GAPDH was used as internal control. The dispersion of SOX11 expression ratio of groups with different prognostic factors was described by Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTSThe SOX11 mRNA expression level was 2.90 (0.75 - 4.63) in 80 B-NHL patients, and the expression level was significantly higher in MCL than that in other B-NHL (P = 0.014). The SOX11 expression level was statistically lower in the group of MCL with hyperleukocytosis, 12 trisomy, MYC amplification and therapeutic effect < PR (P = 0.042, 0.013, 0.028, 0.009) than that of MCL in other group. But SOX11 expression was not associated with MCL international prognostic index (MIPI) (P = 0.333), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P = 0.790), ATM mutation (P = 0.865) and P53 deletion (P = 0.116). The progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer in the MCL patients with high level of SOX11 than that of other MCL patients.

CONCLUSIONThere was statistically significant differences in SOX11 mRNA expression between MCL with other B-NHL. SOX11 maybe a good prognostic factor in MCL.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; SOXC Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the perineal rectosigmoidectomy(Altemeier procedure) in the emergent management of acute incarcerated rectal prolapse.

METHODSClinical and follow-up data of 9 patients with acute incarcerated rectal prolapse undergone Altemeier procedure were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe mean operation time was 1.7 (range 1.0-1.5) hours. The mean total blood loss during surgery was 109 (50-200) ml. The mean time to the first bowel movements was 2.8(1-6) days after surgery. The hospital stay was 5.3(3-10) days. There were no postoperative complications such as anastomotic leakage, intra-abdominal infection, or urogenital dysfunction. One patient developed thrombosis in the mesorectum and one patient had symptoms of anal discomfort. After a mean follow-up of 3.5(5 months-6.5 years) years, no patient had recurrent prolapse. Six months after operation, anal function was Kirwan grade I( in 8 cases and grade II( in 1 case. All the patients were satisfied with the result.

CONCLUSIONAltemeier procedure can result in good postoperative anal function when treating incarcerated rectal prolapse, which should be the first choice in emergency treatment.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colectomy ; methods ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Prolapse ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of protective stoma in intersphincteric resection (ISR) for ultra-low rectal cancer.

METHODSClinical data of 56 ultra-low rectal cancer patients without involvement of external anal sphincter treated during January 1999 to July 2009 with trans-anal ISR plus trans-abdominal total mesorectum excision and coloanal anastomosis were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received protective ostomy: ostomy group (16 cases) and ostomy-free group (40 cases). The postoperative complications as well as anal functional restoration were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSSixteen cases (32.1%) of the 56 patients received protective stoma. The complication rate of anastomosis and anus complication rate in the ostomy-free group were significantly higher than those in ostomy group [35.0% (14/40) and 40.0% (16/40) vs. 1/16 and 1/16; P < 0.05]. In the ostomy-free group, one patient developed anastomotic dehiscence and tumor recurrence, the patients was given permanent colostomy, and the other three patients with lesions in the anastomosis and anus received ostomy and secondary surgical treatment, with a reoperation rate of 10.0% (4/40). The anal function of patients in the two groups were both decreased after the operation. The rate of patients got Kirwan grade I anal sphincter function in the 3rd, 6th and 12th month after protective stoma operation was 11/16, 13/15 and 11/13 in the ostomy group, respectively; and those were 30.0%, 37.5% and 45.0% in the ostomy-free group, respectively. Anal function was significantly better in the ostomy group than that in the ostomy-free group during the same postoperative period (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONProtective stoma can avoid anastomotic leakage following ISR for ultra-low rectal cancer, and alleviate the suffering of anal incontinence in the early postoperative period, and is conducive to the restoration of anal function.

Adult ; Aged ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Anastomotic Leak ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Colostomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies