Objective To assess the long efficacy and safety of Lamotrigine(LTG) monotherapy and add-on therapy different types of epileptic seizures in children.Methods According to the classification of the 1981 and 1989 International Union of Antiepileptic for epileptic seizure,a total of 124 cases with epilepsy were included in the study and divided into non-refractory group with 93 cases and refractory group with 31 cases.LTG treatment only or add-on were used.Original drug dosage was not changed and LTG was added slowly and carefully untill the terrible side effect appeared.The average monthly seizure frequency with baseline in the last 3 months was compared and the side effect was observed.Results Total efficiency was 72.6%,control rate was 51.6%.Total efficiency and control rate of the non-refractory group was 81.0% and 61.3%,which was significantly higher than those of refractory group(48.4%,22.6%).Total efficiency and control rate of the combination group with LTG and valproate sodium(VPA) was 78.4% and 54.5%,which was significantly higher than those of the group of LTG only(61.0%,44.0%).Clinical results was different significantly between the course of the observation period within and over 5 years(P

Objective To explore the influence of lamotrigine(LTG)and valproate(VAP)on cognitive function in children with epilepsy.Methods Seventy-six epileptic children firstly diagnosed were chosen,36 cases received LTG monotherapy and 40 cases undwent the treatment of VPA.The intelligence quotient(IQ)value was measured before and after 6 months treatment respectively,and 20 healthy children were selected as healthy control.Results 1.The epileptic children had poor verbal intelligence quotient(VIQ),performance intelligence quotient(PIQ)and full intelligence quotient(FIQ)compared to the control subjects(Pa0.05).But among the subtestings,the know-ledge,wood-graph,coded score of the VPA groups had significant difference(Pa

The aim of this study was to find platelet specific autoantibodies against glycoproteins in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and to explore its role in pathogenesis of MDS. The plasma autoantibodies against GP IIb/IIIa and GP Ib/IX were measured by using a modified monoclonal antibody specific immobolization platelet antigens assay (MAIPA). Absorbance greater than mean value plus tripled standard deviation recorded from the normal controls were regarded as positive. The results indicated that the total positive rate in patients with MDS was 16.67% (5/30), the total positive rate in patients with ITP was 46.67% (14/30), the difference between MDS group and ITP group was significant (P < 0.05). It is concluded that partial patients with MDS have plasma specific autoantibodies against platelet GP II b/III a and GP Ib/IX, indicating correlation of thrombocytopenia of patients with immune factors and the autoantibody-mediated platelet destruction may be involved in the pathogenesis of MDS. It provides a new basis for immunosuppression therapy for MDS.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies ; immunology ; Antigens, Human Platelet ; immunology ; Autoantibodies ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; complications ; immunology ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex ; immunology ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; immunology ; Thrombocytopenia ; etiology ; immunology

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of glutamate. The GDHs from Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114 the most commonly used strain in glutamate fermentation, were purified and their molecular structures and properties characterized. The coenzymes were also studied in the hope to increase glutamate production. Cells were harvested at mid-exponential phase by centrifugation and washed with Tris-HCl buffer containing DTT and EDTA (pH 7.5). The cells were then disrupted using a French pressure cell press and the supernatant was collected by centrifugation. The extract was concentrated by 70-fold using the AKTA-100 FPLC system employing a DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column, a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The purified extracts contained NADPH-dependent GDH and NADH-dependent GDH. Both of the enzymes were highly specific for the coenzymes. The molecular masses of the NADPH-dependent GDH and its subunit were 188kD and 32kD respectively, suggesting the enzyme is a homo-hexamer. Our data reported for the first time the presence of NADH- dependent GDH in Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114, similar to other microorganisms containing both GDHs. The NADPH-dependent and NADH-dependent GDH in Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114 may participate in the assimilation and dissimilation of ammonia respectively. The absorptions of NADPH-dependent GDH was very weak at 280nm but very high at 215nm, suggesting a low phenylalanine and tyrosine content in the enzyme.
Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Corynebacterium glutamicum ; enzymology ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; NADP ; metabolism ; Substrate Specificity

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible role of STAT3 and p38 in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma.

METHODSThe expression of STAT3 and p38 at protein level was studied in 107 sporadic colorectal tubular adenomas with different dysplasia (SCTA-D) or with cancerous changes (SCTA-Ca) by immunohistochemical staining method, meanwhile the expression of STAT3 at mRNA level was detected by in situ hybridization.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical staining results showed that the positive expression rate of STAT3 and p38 was 12.0%, 59.0%, 91.7% and 8.0%, 47.0%, 91.7% in normal colorectal mucosa (NCM), SCTA-D and SCTA-Ca, respectively, with a statistically significant difference of STAT3 and p38 expression among the SCTA-D, SCTA-Ca and NCM (P < 0.05). The expression of STAT3 and p38 was positively correlated with the degree of dysplasia from mild to severe SCTA-D (P < 0.05). In situ hybridization results showed that the positive expression rate of STAT3 at mRNA level in NCM, SCTA-D and SCTA-Ca was 8.00%, 51.8% and 100.0%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among these either (P < 0.05). The positive expression of STAT3 at mRNA level was not only positively correlated with the degree of dysplasia (P < 0.05), but also with the expression of p38 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTAT3 and p38 may be involved in the carcinogenesis of sporadic colorectal tubular adenoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; metabolism ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

AIMTo identify the main metabolites of aconitine in the urine of rabbits.

METHODSAfter oral administration of aconitine (5 mg.kg-1), the urine of male rabbits was collected and extracted by solid phase extraction and analyzed by liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry.

RESULTSAconitine and 4 metabolites were found in the rabbit urine. Their protonated molecular ions at m/z 632, m/z 604, m/z 590, m/z 500 and multistage fragment ions with neutral loss of 60 u, 32 u, 28 u and 18 u were monitored. Their relative concentration were M1 > Aconitine > M4 > M2 > M3.

CONCLUSIONThe metabolites M1-M4 were deduced as 16-O-demethylaconitine, benzoylaconine, 16-O-demethylbenzoylaconine and aconine, respectively.

Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; urine ; Alkaloids ; urine ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Male ; Rabbits ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on diaphragm function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats with muscular dystrophy, and to explore the regulatory mechanism. Methods Forty male rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, electroacupuncture group, exercise group, electroacupuncture plus exercise group, 8 rats in each group. After successful establishment of COPD rat model with muscular dystrophy, the modeled rats in various intervention groups were given electroacupuncture and/or exercise treatment. After the last treatment, the changes of rat body mass were observed, the rat lung function was detected, and the mRNA expression levels of myosin heavy chains (MHC) of MHC-1, MHC-2 and diaphragmatic related signal proteins of Atrogin-1, muscle ring-finger protein-1(MuRF-1), MyoD were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results (1) Compared with the blank group, inspiratory resistance (IR) and functional residual mass (FRC) in the model group were increased (P < 0.05) , and the dynamic lung compliance(Cydn) was decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, IR and FRC in the intervention groups were decreased (P < 0.05), but the differences among the three intervention groups were insignificant(P>0.05). (2) Compared with the blank group, the mRNA expression levels of MHC-1, Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, MyoD in the model group were increased (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression level of MHC-2 was decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the mRNA expression levels of MHC-1, Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, MyoD in the intervention groups were decreased (P < 0.05) , and the mRNA expression level of MHC-2 was increased(P<0.05). Compared with the exercise group, the mRNA expression levels of Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, MyoD in the electroacupuncture group were decreased (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression level of MHC-2 was increased (P<0.05) , but the above indexes in electroacupuncture plus exercise group showed no obvious changes(P>0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can improve respiratory function of COPD rats with muscular dystrophy, and the possible mechanism is related with the increase of MHC-2 mRNA expression and with the decrease of Atrogin-1, MuRF-1, MyoD mRNA expression, which result into the regulation of ubiquitin proteasome pathway(UPP), reduction of myosin loss, and the relief of diaphragmatic atrophy.

Objective To analyze standard management study of intensive treatment by insulin pump to diabetes mellitus patients. Methods 60 diabetes mellitus patients of intensive treatment by insulin pump according were divided into experimental group and control group randomly. The patients in experimental were intervented according to "Standard management scheme of intensive treatment by insulin pump to diabetes mellitus patients". Norm:blood glucose controlling, number of days of normal, dose of insulin, hypoglycemic episodes,breakdown, knowledge, technique related insulin pump were evaluated. Results The level of blood glucose in experimental group reached norm much faster (P<0.05). The experimental group' hypoglycemic episodes and dawn phenomenon were lower than the control group (P<0.01). The breakdown related insulin pump in experimental group was lower than the control group sgificantly (P<0.01). The experimental group' theorical and technical knowledge related insulin pump were much better(P<0.05). Conclusions "Standard management scheme of intensive treatment by insulin pump to diabetes mellitus patients" designed reasonably, and accomplished study objective.

Objective To study the genetic characterizations of VP1 gene of human enterovirus 71 ( HEV71 ) isolated from clinical specimens of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) patients in Qinghai Province in 2008. Methods 335 clinical samples including stools, throat swabs and vesicle fluids were collected from HFMD patients in Qinghai Province. Viral isolation was performed, and molecular typing was performed with the positive isolates. Then 30 identified HEV71 isolates were performed for entire VP1 coding region amplification and sequencing. Results Among the 355 clinical samples, 45 human enteroviruses were isolated, and among them, 30 were identified as HEV71. Then 30 HEV71 positive isolates were performed by nucleotide sequencing. It showed that there was some difference in the nucleotide and the amino acid among the 30 HEV71 strains, the homology were 95.2%-100% and 96.6%-100%,respectively. But they all closed to HEV71 strains isolated in China after 1998, and from the phylogenetic tree constructed with 30 Qinghai HEV71 strains and other 35 HEV71 strains represented all known genotype and subgenotype HEV71 strains available from GenBank, it revealed that the 30 Qinghai HEV71 strains clustered within the C4a evolution branch of C4 subgenotype. Conclusion HEV71 was isolated in HFMD patients in Qinghai province, and the HEV71 strains causing HFMD outbreaks in Qinghai province in 2008 were all belong to C4a evolution branch of C4 subgenotype with several transmission chains.

Objective：This study was designed to explore the effect of BRD7 gene negative associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) on the growth of NPC cell line HNE1. Methods： The mammal expression vector of BRD7, pcDNA3.1(＋ )/BRD7, was constructed and transfected into HNE1 cell. Stable G418 resistant clones were isolated, and the integration of the exogenous vector DNA and the expression of BRD7 gene were detected by Southern blot and RT PCR respectively. Finally the cytobiological characterization of positive clone (B 4) was analyzed by using population double time (PDT), soft agar assay, cytometry, and xenograft. Results： The PDT of G418 resistant HNE1 cell with epression of BRD7 was 53 h and significantly longer than that of vector transfected HNE1 cell and untransfected HNE1 (P< 0.01). Flow cytometric data shown that more BRD7 transfected cells went into phase G0－ G1 than controls. And it also presented decreased clonogenicity and tomorigenicity in soft agar assay and tumor formation in nude mice. Conclusion： The reexpression of BRD7 could favor the malignant phenotype revision of NPC cells. And BRD7 gene might be a good candidate of tumor suppressor gene correlated with NPC.