OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of meatoplasty with the pedicle flap in the treatment of meatal stenosis secondary to chronic balanitis.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 32 cases of meatal stenosis secondary to chronic balanitis treated by meato- plasty with the pedicle flap. All the patients had a history of chronic balanitis and had received meatal dilatation or simple ventral mea- totomy without significant effect. Their mean maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) was (4.3 ± 2.4) ml/s. During the operation, A "/\"-shaped incision was made in the healthy epidermis and a flap was harvested from the frenulum. After complete removal of the scar, the flap was placed into the urethral wall, followed by reconstruction of the external urethral orifice.

RESULTSThe patients were fol- lowed up for 6 to 30 months, which revealed smooth urination in all the patients with Qmax of (26.7 ± 4.5) ml/s and normal erectile function and uresiesthesis.

CONCLUSIONWith little invasiveness and few complications, meatoplasty with the pedicle flap is an ideal surgical method for the treatment of meatal stenosis secondary to chronic balanitis. However, there might be some change in the normal appearance of the balanus postoperatively, and its long-term effect needs further observation.

Balanitis ; complications ; Constriction, Pathologic ; etiology ; surgery ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Flaps ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urethral Stricture ; etiology ; surgery ; Urination

OBJECTIVEFor anti-inflammation, relieving pain and decreasing acute toxicity, the best condition for extracting procedure of Psammosilene tunicoides was chosen. And the relationships between several solvent extracts and pharmacodynamic index were studied.

METHODUniform design with multi-targets was used in the optimization process, and the evaluate index were the results of anti-inflammation, relieving pain and LD50 were employed as the evaluating indexes. At the same time, the contents of the extracts, water extract, acetic ester extract and ether extract were determined.

RESULTThe best condition is that the medicinal material is optimized with 8 times of water (pH 6-7) and 2 h of each time. The best condition is satisfactory by test verification. And the pharmacodynamic actions of anti-inflammation, relieving pain and LD, were not obviously related to the dry extracts, water extract, acetic ester extract and ether extract.

CONCLUSIONUniform design method with pharmacodynamic index has the merit of being relaated to the function and symptom directly. The extracted twice technology condition optimized is stable, feasible and suitable for industry production. And it is not suitable to take the solvent extracts as quality control index related to the function and symptom.

Animals ; Caryophyllaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Female ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Male ; Mice ; Pain ; drug therapy ; Random Allocation

Ductus Arteriosus ; abnormalities ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rubella Syndrome, Congenital ; complications

OBJECTIVETo study the role of the HBV-infected mothers' PBMC in intrauterine transmission of HBV to their fetuses.

METHODSThirty pregnant women with serum HBV DNA negative and PBMC HBV DNA positive and their newborns were used as the study group. Ten pregnant women with serum HBV negative and their infants served as the control group. HBV DNA in serum and in PBMC was detected using nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR). The mothers' PBMC in newborns' peripheral blood was examined using heminested-PCR.

RESULTSFour newborns were serum HBV DNA positive and 8 newborns were HBV DNA positive in PBMC in the study group. Among them, 2 newborns were HBV DNA positive in both serum and PBMC, 6 cases were positive in PBMC only, and 2 cases were positive in serum only. Five mothers had the GSTM1 gene; and it was not detected in 3 newborns. Among the 8 newborns with HBV DNA positive in PBMC, 3 did not have the GSTM1 gene, at the same time their mothers possessed the GSTM1 gene. Mothers' PBMC were detected in all of these three newborns' peripheral blood. HBV DNA in serum and in PBMC of the control group infants were all negative.

CONCLUSIONHBV-infected PBMC of the mother may serve as a vector in HBV intrauterine infection.

Adult ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B virus ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; transmission ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; virology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; virology

Objective:To observe the effects of Chinese herbal compound'Jisuikang'on the phagocytosis of microglia and the regeneration of injured neurons in co-culture system.Methods: Prepared drug serum of 'Jisuikang′ and isolated and identified the primary neuron and microglia.The neuron cells were induced apoptosis by glutamic acid and the microglia cells were predisposed by drug serum of'Jisuikang'.Then,the co-culture system of injured neurons and microglia cells was established.24 h and 96 h after co-culture,engulfment of neuron debris by microglia cells and regeneration of injured neurons were observed by immunofluorescence double labeling method.Results: 24 h after co-culture,middle and high dose of'Jisuikang' showed greater phagocytic percentage and phagocytic index than that of control.In comparison of LPS,high dose of'Jisuikang' showed no significant difference.96 h after co-culture,first grade of neuritis of middle and high dose of'Jisuikang' were more than that of control,and there were no significant difference in comparison of LPS.Neuritis' mean length per cell of middle and high dose of'Jisuikang' were larger than that of con-trol.Neuritis' mean length per cell of high dose of'Jisuikang' showed significant difference in comparison of LPS.Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine compound'Jisuikang'may enhance engulfment of neuron debris by microglia to improve local microenvi-ronment,which promote the repair and regeneration of injured neurons.

OBJECTIVE：To observe the antisepsis and anti-inflammatory action of Xiaoyan tablet.METHODS:Using physiological saline as control,the antiinflammatory effiects on the oncotic extent of the ear auricle of the mouse caused by xylene and swollen toes of rat caused by rat mucllago. and the antibiotic effects on staphylococcus aureus,beta hemolytic streptococcus,pneumococcus,bacillus influenzae were studied.RESULTS:The inflammatory effects of taking medicine group was dramatic compared with physiological saline group(P＜0.01).Its antisepsis action is equivalent to oral liquor of double coptis chinensis.CONCLUSION:The antisepsis and anti-inflammatory action of Xiaoyan tablet is better.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of liraglutide ( Lira) combined with insulin aspart 30 injection in the treatment of type 2 diabetes poorly controlled with premixed insulin aspart 30 ( Asp 30 ) . Methods Seventy eight patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without reaching glycemic targets were randomized into two groups.On the basis of the insulin aspart 30 and oral hypoglycemic drugs, the patients in the trial group were given liraglutide 0.6 mg? d-1 sc once per night for the first week, and 1.2 mg? d-1 for the following two to sixteen weeks, while the other patients in the control group received insulin detemir ( Det) sc once a night for 16 weeks, with the beginning dosage of 0.2 U? kg -1? d-1.Before and after the treatment, the body mass index ( BMI) , waist to hip ratio ( WHR) , fasting plasma glucose ( FPG) , fast-ing C -peptide ( FCP ) , 2 -hour postprandial plasma glucose (PPG 2 h), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and insulin resist-ance index(HOMA-IR) were tested.Also, the adverse drug reactions such as weight gain and hypoglycemia reaction were estimated. Results After the treatment, the level of FPG, PPG 2 h and HbA1c decreased obviously in both groups ( P<0.01 ) , while PPG 2 h in the trial group appeared a better improvement compared to the control group ( P<0.05) ,and BMI as well as HOMA-IR was improved significantly in the trial group after the treatment ( P<0.01).Both drugs were well tolerated with minor hypoglycemia, yet Lira appeared much safer than Det.Conclusion For treatment of refractory type 2 diabetes mellitus, liraglutide combined with insulin aspart 30 injection had certain clincal efficacy with minor adverse reaction.

Objective To explore influencing factors of functional recovery after ankle fracture of type Ⅱ degree and above supination-external rotation.Methods Clinical data of 120 patients with ankle fractures of type Ⅱ degree and above supination-external rotation admitted from February 2019 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.According to American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS),patients were divided into excellent group with 73 patients(90 to 100 points),good group with 35 patients(75 to 89 points),and fair group with 12 patients(＜50 points).The differences of ankle active range of motion(ROM)and AOFAS score were compared among three groups at the latest follow-up.Multivariate Logistic regression analy-sis was performed to analyze the factors related to functional recovery after ankle fracture of supination-external rotation.Results There were significant differences in postoperative ROM(dorsoextension,plantar flexion,varus and valgus)and com-plications between excellent group and good and acceptable group(P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed there were differences in age above 50 years old,Ⅳ degree of supination-external rotation fracture,lower tibiofibular ligament injury,posterior ankle fracture,no drainage tube placed,infection,antibiotic use time above 7 days(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analy-sis showed age above 50 years old[OR=2.829,95％CI(1.049,7.628),P=0.040],Ⅳ degree fracture of supination-external ro-tation[OR=6.13,95％CI(1.153,32.593),P=0.033],lower tibiofibular ligament injury[OR=10.785,95％CI(3.338,34.894),P=0.000],and posterior ankle fracture[OR=6.349,95％CI(1.869,21.560),P=0.003]were independent risk factors for func-tional recovery after ankle fracture of supination-external rotation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The postoperative excellent outcome of ankle fracture was good,and the recovery of joint motion was better.The older age of patient,Ⅳ degree of supination-exter-nal rotation fracture,the lower tibiofibular ligament injury,and posterior ankle fracture are all adverse factors affecting func-tional recovery after supination-external rotation ankle fracture.In clinical,effective measures should be taken to deal with these influencing factors,and strive to improve the functional recovery after the operation of this type of fracture and reduce the occurrence of related complications.

OBJECTIVETo validate the value of the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy in predicting the renal outcome in Chinese population.

METHODSRetrospective study was done in patients with IgA nephropathy. All slides were re-assessed according to the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy. The primary end point is doubling serum creatinine, or a 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), or end-stage renal disease. Pathologic predictors for the progression to the end point were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox regression.

RESULTSTotally 533 patients were enrolled in the study. During the follow-up (median: 39 months; range: 12-263 months), 5.07% of the patients reached the end point. While tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis and arterial/ arteriolar lesion were associated with the endpoint in univariate analysis, only the T score was predictive of the renal outcome in multivariate Cox regression. Combination of the patho- logic lesions had no impact on renal outcome.

CONCLUSIONAccording to the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy, the degree of tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the only feature independently predictive of renal outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; classification ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of minimal residual disease (MRD) in children with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) of different genetic abnormalities.

METHODSBetween February 2004 and April 2013, 271 newly diagnosed B-ALL pediatric patients who had finished the induction chemotherapy were enrolled in the study. The characteristics of changes in MRD in patients with different genetic abnormalities on the 15th day and at the end of the induction therapy were analyzed.

RESULTSOn the 15th day of the induction chemotherapy, the MRD positive proportion in patients with hyperdiploid was higher on all the three cut-off levels of MRD≥0.1%, 1% and 10% compared to patients without hyperdiploid (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the MRD positive proportion on the three levels of MRD between the TEL-AML1-positive and TEL-AML1-negative groups (P>0.05). On the end of induction chemotherapy, there was no significant difference in the MRD positive proportion on the three levels of MRD between the patients with and without hyperdiploid (P>0.05), neither between the BCR-ABL-positive and negative groups. The MRD positive proportion in TEL-AML1-negative patients was significantly higher than in TEL-AML1-positive patients on all three levels of MRD (P<0.05). The MRD positive proportion on two levels of MRD≥0.01% and 0.1% in E2A-PBX1-negative patients was significantly higher than in E2A-PBX1-positive patients (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSChildren with B-ALL of different genetic abnormalities have different MRD levels during, and at the end of, induction therapy. The prognostic significance of MRD may be related to the genetic abnormalities.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neoplasm, Residual ; genetics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; genetics