Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; deficiency ; Male

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Cells, Cultured ; Glomerular Mesangium ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; Peptide Fragments ; pharmacology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; analysis

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of rosiglitazone of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-?(PPAR?) agonist on aldosterone-induced mesangial cell(MC) proliferation.Methods Mouse primary MC were cultured and treated with aldosterone(100 nmol/L) in the presence or absence of rosiglitazone(1.0,2.5,5.0,10.0 ?mol/L).The incorporation of 3H-thymidine(3H-TdR) and cell count were used as the measure of MC proliferation.Cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression,PI3K and Akt phosphorylation were determined by Western blot analysis.Results 1.Aldosterone induced MC proliferation,as assessed by 3H-TdR incorporation and cell number,which were increased by 2.46-and 2.14-fold,respectively,in aldosterone-treated cells.Aldosterone-induced MC proliferation was inhibited by PPAR? agonist rosiglitazone in dose-dependent manner in mouse MC.2.Aldosterone induced cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression.Rosiglitazone reduced aldosterone-induced cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression in dose-dependent manner.3.Aldosterone induced PI3K/Akt activation in dose-dependent manner,incubation with 100 nmol/L aldosterone for 60 min,phosphorylation PI3K and Akt expression increased by above 3.0-fold.4.PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and Akt inhibitor significantly inhibited aldosterone-induced cyclin D1 and cyclin A expression.5.Rosiglitazone significantly inhibited aldosterone-induced PI3K/Akt activation,10 ?mol/L rosiglitazone almost completely blocked aldosterone-induced PI3K/Akt activation.Conclusion Rosiglitazone can block aldosterone-induced MC proliferation via inhibition of PI3K/Akt activation.

Objective To investigate the effect of c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) specific inhibitor SP600125 on Angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)-induced transforming growth factor-?1(TGF-?1) and fibronectin (FN) expression in human mesangial cells (MC).Methods Human MC were isolated and cultured in vitro and were treated with AngⅡ in the presence or absence of JNK specific inhibitor SP600125.The protein was isolated or the supernate of medium was collected at the end of experiment.JNK,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2),and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) activity were determined by Western blot method.TGF-?1 and FN were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results SP600125 inhibited AngⅡ-induced Ser63 phosphorylation of c-Jun in a concentration-dependent manner,and JNK activity was reduced by 75% at 10 ?mol/L and by 90% at 20 ?mol/L.SP600125 had no effect on AngⅡ-induced ERK1/2 and p38 activity.TGF-?1 and FN protein were constitutively produced in MC,and production was significantly stimulated for 8 to 48 h after addition of AngⅡ.Preincubation of cells with SP600125(20 ?mol/L) significantly inhibited AngⅡ-induced TGF-?1 and FN production during this time period.SP600125 inhibited AngⅡ-induced production of TGF-?1 and FN in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusion SP600125 inhibited AngⅡ-induced JNK activation and TGF-?1 and FN expression in human MC and may serve as the novel approach for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective To observe the adipose-derived cytokine changes and aggravate cognitive impairment in olanzapine-induced obese rats caused by glucose metabolic disorder.Methods 20 rats fed with ordinary fodder were used as normal control group,olanzapine group of 20 rats fed with olanzapine(1.2 mg · kg-1) and ordinary fodder for 4 weeks.Successfully established experimental model rats induced by olanzapine after 4 weeks.Serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukins 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) contents were measured by Elisa.Serum glucose contents were determined by biochemical colorimetric method and blood lipid contents determined with automatic biochemical analyzer.Learning,memory capacity and escape latency were detected with Maze test.Results After administration 4 weeks,the levels of body weight,blood glucose and blood lipid in olanzapine group were higher than those in control group.The serum TNF-α((1.57±0.04) ng/ml),IL-6((127.47±11.38) pg/ml) and CRP ((2.68±0.06) mg/ml) in olanzapine group rised,compared with control group ((0.59±0.03) ng/ml,(96.58± 8.77) pg/ml and (1.86±0.04) mg/ml respectively),the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Electric shocks and escape latency in olanzapine group were higher than those in control group (P＜0.05).The FBS had positive correlation with hs-CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α respectively (r=0.385,0.260,1.280; all P＜0.05).Conclusion Olanzapine can induce metabolic disturbance of blood glucose,blood hpid,and the increase of serum TNF-α,IL-6 and CRP levels in rats.Positive correlation is showed between TNF-of and FBS.Hyperglycemia can promote cell toxicity and leads to cognitive dysfunction in rats.

Metal sulfides are chemically attacked by Fe~ 3+ and H~+, resulting in the formation of elemental sulfur via polysulfides or thiosulfate pathway. Elemental sulfur may aggregate and even form a layer on the metal sulfide surface, which will inhibit leaching metals from the sulfides minerals. Elimination of inert elemental sulfur in a typical acidic environment can exclusively be by way of oxidation of acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, such a way includes the attachment, transport and oxidation process of elemental sulfur by acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. On the basis of analysis on the pertinent researches, the molecular mechanism of sulfur elimination by the acidophilic bacteria is far away from elucidated, and to attain that target, there are still much work to be done for elucidating the molecular mechanism on the attachment, transport and oxidation process of elemental sulfur by the acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the recent cluster outbreaks of imported malaria and explore the risks, challenges and countermeasures for dealing with such events during malaria post-elimination era of malaria, and to provide reference for effectively addressing the risks and consolidating the achievements of malaria elimination. Methods　The individual malaria case data from "The Information System for Infectious Disease Surveillance" and "The Information System For Parasitic Diseases Prevention And Control" were collected，and the diagnosis classification, infection source, time and space distribution of cases were analyzed. Results　From January 1 to August 11, 2022, a total of 429 malaria cases were reported nationwide, an 18.9% decrease compared to the same period last year (529 cases), all of which were imported cases. The overall weekly trend of the outbreak remained stable, but since Week 31 (July 25-31), there has been a significant increase in the number of cases, with a peak on August 5. From July 25 to August 11, 2022, a total of 162 malaria cases were reported nationwide, up 315.4% from 39 cases in the same period last year, accounting for 37.8% of the total cases up to August 11, 2022. The main source of imported infections was Guinea (95 cases, 58.6%), with most cases reported in Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province (30 cases), Shilin County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province (21 cases), Chaoyang District, Beijing (11 cases), and Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province (7 cases). Conclusions　Due to the concentration of returnees to China, several entry port cities simultaneously experienced cluster outbreaks of imported malaria, which brought immense pressure and challenges to local medical and health institutions. Health facilities at all levels need to maintain high vigilance and sensitivity, be well prepared, and avoid death and secondary transmission caused by imported cases.

Adult ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; pathology

Reverse transcriptase-PCR experiments suggest that the two clusters of genes potentially involved in the oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds are organized as operons in strain of the acidophilic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270, the two clusters of genes including such the ORF of putative sulfate-thiosulfate-molybdate binding proteins, the ORF of putative thiosulfate: quinone oxidoreductase and the ORF of the rhodanese-like protein (P21). Bioinformatic analyses have predicted the possible promoters sequences and the possible +1 start site of transcription for the doxDA operons.

OBJECTIVETo study the proliferation and apoptosis of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on leukemic U937 cells and its possible mechanism.

METHODThe inhibitory effect of TMP on the proliferation of U937 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay. The cell apoptosis and cycle distribution were examined by the flow cytometry. The mRNA expressions of bcl-2 and P27 were determined by the Real-time PCR. Western blot was carried out to detect bcl-2, caspase-3, cyclin E1, CDK2 and P27 expressions.

RESULTTMP inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells in a dose-and-time dependent manner, with IC50 value of 160 mg x L(-1) at 48 h. In addition, TMP could induce the apoptosis of U937 cells and block the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase. According to the results of Real-time PCR and Western blot, TMP could down-regulate the expression of apoptosis-related molecule bcl-2, cycle-related protein cyclin E1 and CDK2 and up-regulate caspase-3 and P27.

CONCLUSIONTMP shows the effects in inhibiting the proliferation of leukemic U937 cells and inducing the apoptosis. Its mechanism may be related to the impacts on the cell cycle distribution, down-regulation of the bcl-2 expression, which finally activates caspase-3, starts the apoptosis path and causes the cell apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 ; analysis ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; U937 Cells