AIM: To compare the efficacy of Jensen and augmented Hummelsheim procedures in the treatment of complete paralytic esotropia.METHOD: A total of 35 patients(44 eyes)who were diagnosed with complete paralytic esotropia from October 2016 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, of which 15 cases(21 eyes)underwent Jensen procedure combined with recession of antagonist muscle(Jensen procedure group), and 20 cases(23 eyes)received augmented Hummelsheim procedure combined with recession of antagonist muscle(Hummelsheim procedure group). The operation time, preoperative and postoperative esotropia deviation, degree of abduction paralysis, recession of medial rectus muscle and cure rate were observed.RESULTS: Clinical data and operation time of the patients in two groups were not statistically significant(P >0.05). During the last follow-up, the esotropia deviation of Jensen procedure group decreased from 102.33±41.70PD to 3.93±4.82PD(P<0.001), and it decreased from 94.75±33.03PD to 2.85±5.96PD in Hummelsheim procedure group(P<0.001), while the degree of abduction paralysis were significantly improved from -4.81±0.40 to -1.57±0.51 in the Jensen procedure group(P<0.001)and from -4.91±0.29 to -1.22±0.42 in Hummelsheim procedure group(P<0.001). Besides, there was no statistical difference in postoperative esotropia deviation between the two groups(P>0.05), but the degree of postoperative abduction paralysis in the Hummelsheim procedure group was significantly better than that of Jensen procedure group(P<0.05). The recession of medial rectus muscle of the two groups were 7.16±2.07 and 6.37±2.34 mm, respectively(P>0.05). During the last follow-up, in the Jensen procedure group, 2 patients were undercorrection(+10PD and +12PD respectively)and 13 cases(87%)were cured. In the Hummelsheim procedure group, 1 patient was undercorrection(+25PD)and 19 patients were cured(95%), and there was no statistical significance in cure rates of the two groups(P=0.565).CONCLUSIONS: Both Jensen procedure and augmented Hummelsheim procedure can effectively treat complete paralytic esotropia, and the latter is more effective in improving the abduction paralysis.

AIM: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with acute acquired concomitant esotropia(AACE)in different refractive status.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 110 patients with non-type I AACE treated from January 2020 to January 2022. The non-myopic group(30 cases, spherical equivalent>-0.5D)and the myopic group(80 cases, spherical equivalent≤-0.5D)were divided according to the refractive status. The degree of deviation, accommodative convergence and accommodation ratio(AC/A), visual function, and surgical methods were observed. RESULTS: The non-myopic group had no difference in the degree of near deviation [(47.13±23.54)△] and the degree of distant deviation [(48.90±22.59)△](P>0.05); near deviation [(40.49±26.09)△] of myopic group was less than distant deviation [(50.09±25.41)△](P<0.001); and there was no difference in the same distance between the two groups(P>0.05). AC/A in the non-myopic group(5.40±2.23)was higher than that in the myopic group(3.14±3.10; P<0.05). Patients in the myopic group had better near stereopsis than the non-myopic group(P<0.05). The non-myopic group had a variety of surgical methods, while the myopic group mostly used lateral rectus resection or/and medial rectus recession.CONCLUSION: AACE can occur in different refractive status. Non-myopic patients have the same degree of distant and near strabismus, high AC/A, and varied surgical methods. However, myopic patients have less degree of near deviation than distant deviation and have normal AC/A and better near stereopsis, and lateral rectus resection or/and medial rectus recession are commonly used.

AIM: To compare the consistency and feasibility of objective ocular torsion measured with GMPE module-based optical coherence tomography(OCT)and fundus color photography(FCP).METHODS: Patients were enrolled in our strabismus clinic from December 2020 to March 2021, and the objective ocular torsion of the eyes was measured by both GMPE module-based OCT and FCP on the same day. FCP was used to measure the fovea-disc angle(FDA)manually by using the Adobe Photoshop software, while the GMPE module-based OCT software positioned automatically the macula and the center of the optic disc to measure the FDA.RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included, the FDA measured by OCT was -6.6°±4.5° in the right eye and -8.8°±4.7° in the left eye, respectively; The FDA measured by FCP was -6.6°±4.7° in the right eye and -8.4°±4.1° in the left eye, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the results of the two methods(Pright eye=0.90, Pleft eye=0.08). In patients with exotropia, the FDA measured by OCT was -5.8°±4.9° in the right eye and -9.1°±4.5° in the left eye, respectively, the FDA measured by FCP was -5.7°±5.0° in the right eye and -8.6°±4.3° in the left eye, respectively,(Pright eye=0.75, Pleft eye=0.15). Similarly, the patients with esotropia, the FDA measured by OCT was -9.0°±7.3° in the right eye and -11.3°±3.5° in the left eye, respectively, while the FDA measured by FCP was -10.0°±7.0° in the right and -10.1°±2.8° in the left eye(Pright eye=0.21, Pleft eye=0.10), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two methods in patients with esotropia or exotropia(P>0.05). The results of both Pearson test and Bland-Altman analysis were highly correlated(rright eye=0.93, rleft eye=0.94, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: GMPE module-based OCT can be used for objective ocular torsion measurement with high reliability and reproducibility, and is a promising clinical alternative to the fundus color photographic method.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the application of "internet +" disease management based on the AISAS model on the young and middle-aged patients after PCI therapy.Method:A total of 90 young and middle-aged patients hospitalized in cardiological department of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital) were enrolled between June 2018 to October 2019, and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 45 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received telephone follow-up while "internet +" disease management based on the AISAS model was applied in the observation group. The drug therapy compliance, acquisition of the disease knowledge, quality of life, anxiety and depression levels, return to workand incidence of cardiovascular events.Results:One year after the intervention, the drug therapy compliance score, disease-related knowledge score, quality of life score, SAS and SDS scores of the observation group were 7.55±1.21, 7.29±1.27, 701.17±74.86, 32.55± 4.31, 34.74±4.16, the scores of patients in the control group were 6.48±1.56, 6.12±1.94, 670.58±65.29, 41.72±4.33, 40.79±4.17. The difference was statistically significant ( t value was 2.066-11.203, P<0.05). The comparison between the return of the patients and the incidence of cardiovascular events in the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 5.031, 11.275, P<0.05). Conclusion:This management model can increase the knowledge of disease PCI postoperative patients, improve their quality of life, make patients return to society earlier, and promote the improvement of the quality of continuous nursing service.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical efficacy of interactive group sandplay versus individual sandplay in the treatment of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: A total of 80 ASD children, aged 4-6 years, were enrolled and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, with 40 children in each group. The children in the experimental group joined group sandplay with normal children at a ratio of 1: 3, and those in the control group were treated with individual sandplay. The Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) were used to evaluate the treatment outcome after three months of intervention. RESULTS: There were 33 children in the experimental group and 28 in the control group. After three months of intervention, the experimental group had significant reductions in the scores of irritability, social withdrawal, and stereotypic behavior and the total score of the ABC scale (P<0.05), and the control group had significant reductions in the scores of behavior and inappropriate speech and the total score of the ABC scale (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in the score of social withdrawal and the total score of the ABC scale after three months of intervention (P<0.05). After three months of intervention, the experimental group had significant reductions in the scores of sociability, sensory and cognitive awareness, and physical/health behavior and the total score of the ATEC scale (P<0.05), and the control group had significant reductions in the scores of speech, sociability, and physical/health behavior and the total score of the ATEC scale (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater improvements in the scores of speech, sociability, and sensory and cognitive awareness and the total score of the ATEC scale after intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the experimental group also had significantly greater improvements in eye contact and sand stereotyped arrangement (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both interactive group sandplay and individual sandplay are effective in the treatment of ASD in preschool children. Interactive group sandplay is better than individual sandplay in the treatment of ASD, with significant improvements in sociability, emotion and stereotypic behavior.
Autism Spectrum Disorder ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Emotions ; Humans ; Play Therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of home nurture environment on language development and social emotion in children with developmental language disorder (DLD).

METHODSThe 1-3 Years Child Home Nurture Environment Scale, Gesell Developmental Scale, and Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment Scale were used for the evaluation of 125 children with DLD. A total of 130 children with normal language development matched for age and sex were enrolled as control group.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the DLD group had a significantly higher proportion of children in a bad home nurture environment and significantly lower scores of all domains of home nurture environment (P<0.05). In children with DLD, the home nurture environment score was positively correlated with the level of language development (r=0.536, P<0.01) and the score of ability domain in social emotion (r=0.397, P<0.01) and was negatively correlated with the scores of the domains of explicit behavior, covert behavior, and imbalance in social emotion (r=-0.455, -0.438, and -0.390 respectively, P<0.01). Home nurture environment had direct influence on language development in children with DLD and affected their language development via the mediating effect of social emotion.

CONCLUSIONSHome nurture environment influences language development and social emotion in children with DLD, and social emotion has a partial mediating effect between home nurture environment and language development.

Child, Preschool ; Emotions ; Environment ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Language Development ; Language Development Disorders ; psychology ; Male ; Social Behavior

Objective To observe the effectiveness and safety of Linggui Zhugan Decoction in the treatment of metabolic syndrome(MS) induced by antipsychotics.Methods Sixty MS patients were enrolled who also matched the diagnostic criteria for phlegm stagnation type.These 60 patients who were treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,each group included 30 patients.The patients in the observation group were given the treatment of Linggui Zhugan Decoction in addition to antipsychotic treatment,while the patients in the control group were only given antipsychotic treatment.After two weeks or four weeks of treatment,the levels of triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein (HDL),fasting plasma glucose,insulin,C-peptide and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results After two weeks or four weeks treatment,the levels of TG,fasting plasma glucose,insulin,C-peptide and HOMA-IR significantly increased and that of HDL decreased significantly in the control group patients compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while the results in the observation group were opposite (P ＜ 0.05).In the control group patients,the levels of insulin,HOMA-IR and C-peptide after four weeks treatment were significantly higher than those after two weeks treatment (P ＜ 0.05).However,in the observation group patients,the levels of insulin,HOMA-IR and C-peptide after four weeks treatment were significantly lower than those after two weeks treatment (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,after two weeks or four weeks treatment the levels of TG,fasting plasma glucose,insulin,C-peptide and HOMA-IR decreased significantly in the observation group patients and that of HDL increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).The treatment emergent symptom scale score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at the end of four weeks (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Linggui Zhugan Dcoction can improve MS caused by antipsychotics and has good safety.

Objective: To make a real-world study on the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) that failed to respond to TCM medication. METHODS: This study included 1 038 ED patients with the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) scores ≤21 and improvement <30% after 4 weeks of TCM medication, differentially diagnosed with kidney-yang or kidney-yin deficiency syndrome. We administered TCM combined with sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd) at 100 mg 1 hour before sexual intercourse. After 2 and 4 weeks of medication, we recorded the scores in IIEF-5, erection hardness, Sexual Encounter Profile question 2 (SEP-2: whether vaginal penetration is successful), SEP-3 (whether sexual intercourse is successful), and TCM Syndromes Scale as well as the indexes of routine blood, urine, liver function, and renal function of the patients, and compared them with those obtained before treatment. RESULTS: No serious adverse reactions were observed in any of the patients. Compared with the baseline, the patients achieved significantly increased IIEF-5 scores after 2 and 4 weeks of medication (15.01 ± 2.25 vs 16.96 ± 2.55 and 19.41 ± 2.82, P <0.05), penileelectionhardness remarkably improved at 4 weeks (3.36% vs 44.58%, P<0.05), and the positive answers to SEP-2 and SEP-3 both markedly increased at 2 (38.11% vs 90.49%, P<0.05; 22.01% vs 63.77% , P<0.05) and 4 weeks (38.11% vs 96.95% , P<0.05; 22.01% vs 89.73%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS TCM combined with sildenafil is safe and effective in the treatment of ED in Chinese men, which can significantly improve the IIEF-5 score and erection hardness of the patients.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Coitus ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Penile Erection ; drug effects ; physiology ; Sildenafil Citrate ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Yang Deficiency ; complications ; Yin Deficiency ; complications

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of ghrelin on duodenal migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF).

METHODSThirty healthy male SD rats were randomly assigned into sham-operated group (n=6) and CRF group (n=24), and the latter group was divided into 4 subgroups according to ghrelin doses administered with or without pretreatment with the receptor antagonist D-Lys(3)-GHRP-6. After a 18-h fasting, the rats with or without pretreatment with D-Lys(3)-GHRP-6 were given subcutaneous injections of ghrelin at different doses to observe the changes in duodenal MMC recorded using a multi lead physiological recording system.

RESULTSGhrelin significantly increased the MMC cycle duration and dose-dependently enhanced the frequency, amplitude and percentage of phase III MMC cycle. This effect was inhibited by the pretreatment with ghrelin receptor antagonist D-Lys(3)-GHRP-6.

CONCLUSIONGhrelin can promote gastrointestinal motilities of rats with CRF, and the receptor of ghrelin can regulate the activity of MMC.

Animals ; Duodenum ; drug effects ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; drug effects ; Ghrelin ; pharmacology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of the miR-155 in human primary breast cancer and its clinical significance.

METHODSFrom February to June 2009, 45 pairs of specimens of human primary breast cancer and matched nontumor breast tissues were collected from the patients who received operation for breast cancer. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the miR-155 expression in those specimens.

RESULTSThe stem-loop RT-PCR was sensitive and specific enough to detect the expression of the miR-155. The median relative expression of miR-155 was 0.360 in tumor samples, and it was 0.135 in matched nontumor breast tissues, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). It's indicated that the up-regulation of miR-155 expression was associated with advanced TNM clinical stage (median 0.316, 0.358 and 0.417 respectively for stage I, II and III tumor, P = 0.002), lymph node metastasis (median 0.383 and 0.355 respectively for cases with positive and negative lymph nodes, P = 0.034), higher proliferation index [median 0.387 and 0.353 respectively for cases with high proliferation index (Ki67 > 10%) and low proliferation index (Ki67 ≤ 10%), P = 0.019], estrogen receptor-positive (0.367 and 0.318 respectively for cases with positive estrogen receptor and negative group, P = 0.041) and progesterone receptor-positive (0.398 and 0.335 respectively for cases with positive progesterone receptor and negative group, P = 0.029) in patients with breast cancer.

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of miR-155 is up-regulated in primary breast cancer, especially in patients with positive estrogen and progesterone receptor. miR-155 may play an important role in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of human primary breast cancer, and it could be a indicator in the diagnosis and prognosis of primary breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism