Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptability, availability and sustainability of a pilot prenatal program developed by an interdisciplinary team. Methods: Out of 19 multicultural women participated in the 6-session prenatal program, 6 women took part in an exit- focus group interview as a part of formative evaluation. The verbatim transcriptions of semi-structured interview data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: In general, the participants expressed high satisfaction with program content, educators and education methods. A hybrid model including health professionals and community health workers and using online and offline education modes was suggested as a way to disseminate the program at a national level. Interventions using aesthetic approaches such as music and an integrated method such as the introduction of available social services in pregnancy and during the postpartum period may play a role as the facilitator of the program participation of multicultural women. These approaches may also help them develop healthy coping skills, problem solving skills and empowerment in multicultural childbearing women who need to adjust to life in a new country simultaneously taking a new role as a mother. Conclusion An interdisciplinary prenatal program using a holistic approach contributes to enhancing multicultural women’s empowerment to become a mother in a new country.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptability, availability and sustainability of a pilot prenatal program developed by an interdisciplinary team. Methods: Out of 19 multicultural women participated in the 6-session prenatal program, 6 women took part in an exit- focus group interview as a part of formative evaluation. The verbatim transcriptions of semi-structured interview data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: In general, the participants expressed high satisfaction with program content, educators and education methods. A hybrid model including health professionals and community health workers and using online and offline education modes was suggested as a way to disseminate the program at a national level. Interventions using aesthetic approaches such as music and an integrated method such as the introduction of available social services in pregnancy and during the postpartum period may play a role as the facilitator of the program participation of multicultural women. These approaches may also help them develop healthy coping skills, problem solving skills and empowerment in multicultural childbearing women who need to adjust to life in a new country simultaneously taking a new role as a mother. Conclusion An interdisciplinary prenatal program using a holistic approach contributes to enhancing multicultural women’s empowerment to become a mother in a new country.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptability, availability and sustainability of a pilot prenatal program developed by an interdisciplinary team. Methods: Out of 19 multicultural women participated in the 6-session prenatal program, 6 women took part in an exit- focus group interview as a part of formative evaluation. The verbatim transcriptions of semi-structured interview data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: In general, the participants expressed high satisfaction with program content, educators and education methods. A hybrid model including health professionals and community health workers and using online and offline education modes was suggested as a way to disseminate the program at a national level. Interventions using aesthetic approaches such as music and an integrated method such as the introduction of available social services in pregnancy and during the postpartum period may play a role as the facilitator of the program participation of multicultural women. These approaches may also help them develop healthy coping skills, problem solving skills and empowerment in multicultural childbearing women who need to adjust to life in a new country simultaneously taking a new role as a mother. Conclusion An interdisciplinary prenatal program using a holistic approach contributes to enhancing multicultural women’s empowerment to become a mother in a new country.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptability, availability and sustainability of a pilot prenatal program developed by an interdisciplinary team. Methods: Out of 19 multicultural women participated in the 6-session prenatal program, 6 women took part in an exit- focus group interview as a part of formative evaluation. The verbatim transcriptions of semi-structured interview data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: In general, the participants expressed high satisfaction with program content, educators and education methods. A hybrid model including health professionals and community health workers and using online and offline education modes was suggested as a way to disseminate the program at a national level. Interventions using aesthetic approaches such as music and an integrated method such as the introduction of available social services in pregnancy and during the postpartum period may play a role as the facilitator of the program participation of multicultural women. These approaches may also help them develop healthy coping skills, problem solving skills and empowerment in multicultural childbearing women who need to adjust to life in a new country simultaneously taking a new role as a mother. Conclusion An interdisciplinary prenatal program using a holistic approach contributes to enhancing multicultural women’s empowerment to become a mother in a new country.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptability, availability and sustainability of a pilot prenatal program developed by an interdisciplinary team. Methods: Out of 19 multicultural women participated in the 6-session prenatal program, 6 women took part in an exit- focus group interview as a part of formative evaluation. The verbatim transcriptions of semi-structured interview data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: In general, the participants expressed high satisfaction with program content, educators and education methods. A hybrid model including health professionals and community health workers and using online and offline education modes was suggested as a way to disseminate the program at a national level. Interventions using aesthetic approaches such as music and an integrated method such as the introduction of available social services in pregnancy and during the postpartum period may play a role as the facilitator of the program participation of multicultural women. These approaches may also help them develop healthy coping skills, problem solving skills and empowerment in multicultural childbearing women who need to adjust to life in a new country simultaneously taking a new role as a mother. Conclusion An interdisciplinary prenatal program using a holistic approach contributes to enhancing multicultural women’s empowerment to become a mother in a new country.

The spontaneous rupture of abdominal aorto-iliac aneurysm into inferior vena cava or iliac vein is rare, with a reported incidence of 3% to 4% of all ruptured aneurysm(1,2). This is the most frequent cause of a major abdominal arteriovenous fistula (AVF)(1). We experienced a spontaneous rupture of abdominal aorto-iliac aneurysm into left common iliac vein with gastric leiomyoma in a 64 year-old female patient. The management of abdominal aortic aneurysm with neoplasm of digestive organ is still controversial. We have successfully managed these two lesions by simultaneous operation without any surgical complication. We report the case and briefly review the literature.
Aneurysm* ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Female ; Humans ; Iliac Vein* ; Incidence ; Leiomyoma* ; Middle Aged ; Rupture, Spontaneous* ; Vena Cava, Inferior

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare disease and is seldom seen in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms. We experienced a SMAS as a result of an enlarged abdominal aortic aneurysm in a 52 year-old female patient who had undergone renal transplant in the right iliac position 8 years previously. The abdominal aortic aneurysm was successfully resected without an extracorporeal bypass during crossclamping, and postoperatively the patient's symptoms were improved and her renal function was well preserved.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior* ; Middle Aged ; Rare Diseases ; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome* ; Transplantation*

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a heterogeneous group of disorders with the common feature of prolonged eosinophilia of unknown cause and associated dysfunctions of organ systems, including the hematologic, cardiovascular, cutaneous, neurologic and respiratory systems, as well as the spleen, liver, eye, and gastrointestinal tract. Bone marrow is involved in almost all subjects, and the most severe complications involve the heart and the central nervous systems. We report a case of HES observed in a 37-year-old man with digital necrosis and persistent eosinophilia lasting for more than 6 months. This patient also showed signs of peripheral neuropathy, cutaneous manifestations, and eosinophilic hyperplasia on the bone marrow biopsy.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Central Nervous System ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome* ; Hyperplasia ; Liver ; Necrosis* ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Respiratory System ; Spleen ; Vasculitis

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analysis the trends and states of external auses of mortality in Korea from 1985 to 1998. METHODS: This study was based on data published in 1985-1998 from the annual report of cause of death statistics of National Statistical Office. RESULTS: In the proportion of total death cases during 1985-1998, External causes of mortality was ranged from 11 percent to 15 percent. Death rate(per 100,000) of external causes of mortality(ECM) decreased recently from 85.7 in 1991 to 68.9 in 1998. Death rate of ECM in male was 2.6 times higher than that of female. Among total cases of ECM, the first leading cause of death was transport accidents. intentional self-harm was the second leading cause of death(26.8 percent in 1998). In trends of death rate(per 100,000) for ECM during 1885-1998, there were decreased for following causes of death; transport accidents, falls, accidental drowning and submersion, exposure to smoke, fire and flames, accidential poisoning by and exposure to noxious substances, Death rates of ententional self-harm and assault were increased during the periods. The age specific death rate increased with age for all ECM except for assault. The risk of death caused by ECM was higher in aged 65 and over than in ages 0-19 years among all ECM. The risk of death for male aged 65 and over were 6.9 times in transport accidents, 26 times in fall, 37 times in accidential poisoning by and exposure to noxious substances, and 18 times in intentional self-harm compared with 0-19 years. The risk of death for female aged 65 and over were 27 times in fall, 22 times in accidential poisoning by and exposure to noxious substances compared with 0-19 years. In seasonal variation of ECM cases for 1998. There was highest proportion in August(10.4 percent). The highest proportion by death seasion were winter(32.7 percent) in exposure to smoke, fire and flames, summer(27,7 percent) in fall, summer(52.4 percent) in accidental drowning and submersion, summer in 32.0 percent) in accidential poisoning by and exposure to noxious substances, spring(28.2 percent) in intentional self-harm, assault. and autumn(28.2 percent) in transport accidents. CONCLUSION: Above results suggest that a preventive education program for safety accidents should be developed by considering gender and age of the objecties and seasons of the year.
Accidental Falls ; Cause of Death ; Drowning ; Education ; Female ; Fires ; Humans ; Immersion ; Korea* ; Male ; Mortality* ; Poisoning ; Seasons ; Smoke

PURPOSE: In the initiation and progression of the atherosclerosis many factors are related each other. The individual variations also complicate the prediction of the atherosclerotic process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphologic changes by angiography in iliac arterial segments of the patients who had received bypass operation for the infrainguinal atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower extremities. METHODS: Forty-five common iliac artery (CIAs) and forty-two external iliac arteries (EIAs) in twenty nine male patients who underwent angiography for graft failure of lower extremity bypass surgery was included in this retrospective study, and their clinical chart and angiographic findings of iliac arteries were reviewed. Acute arterial occlusive cases were excluded from this study. The mean interval from the previous bypass surgery was 38.9 months (from 6 to 96 months) and the patient ages ranged from 34 to 81 years (average age 59 years). It was considered as change, that is disease progression, when luminal narrowing of iliac artery was more than 25% compared to the previous angiography at bypass surgery. RESULTS: Of 45, fifteen CIAs (33.3%) showed change. In 3 patients, the change was bilateral; in 4, ipsilateral to the failed graft limb; and in 5, contralateral. Considering EIAs, 13 of 42 (31.0%) were changed. In 1 patient, the change was bilateral; in 6, ipsilateral to the failed graft limb; and in 5, contralateral. Therefore the side of the changed iliac arteries had no statistical significance in relation to the side of limb at which graft failure occurred (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between age or interval between bypass operation and repeat angiography and the progression of atherosclerosis of iliac arteries. CONCLUSION: The progression of atherosclerosis is not dominated in iliac arteries ipsilateral to the side in which bypass surgery was performed and graft failure occurred. In iliac artery, the short-term progression of atherosclerosis observed by angiography may vary among individuals independently withage, interval between operation and repeat angiography, and the hemodynamic change of the infrainguinal arteries.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Disease Progression ; Extremities ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Iliac Artery* ; Lower Extremity* ; Male ; Phenobarbital ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants