OBJECTIVETo observe the efficacy and safety of Danlong Oral Liquid (DOL) combined Western medicine (WM) in treating mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma patients (heat wheezing syndrome) at acute onset.

METHODSTotally 480 mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma patients (heat wheezing syndrome) at acute onset were randomly assigned to two groups in the ratio 3:1, the treatment group (360 cases) and the control group (120 cases). All patients received basic WM treatment. Patients in the treatment group took DOL, 10 mL each time, 3 times per day for 7 days in total, while those in the control group took Kechuanning Oral Liquid (KOL) , 10 mL each time, 3 times per day for 7 days in total. Efficacy for asthma symptoms, lung functions and scores of TCM syndrome and/or main symptoms were evaluated.

RESULTSThe percentage of clinical control and significant effectiveness of asthma symptoms in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (77.36% vs 56.07%, P < 0.01). The percentage of clinical control and significant effectiveness of lung functions in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (74.28% vs 50.00%, P < 0.01). The anterior-posterior difference in scores of TCM syndrome was significantly superior in the treatment group than in the control group (-11.26 ± 4.70 vs -9.21 ± 5.09, P < 0.01). The anterior-posterior difference in scores of main symptoms was significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group (-6.58 ± 3.08 vs -5.16 ± 3.45, P < 0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group [1.73% (6/346 cases) vs 10.17% (12/118 cases) , P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONDOL combined WM was superior to KOL in treating mild-to-moderate bronchial asthma patients (heat wheezing syndrome) at acute onset.

Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Biomedical Research ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Lung ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Respiratory Sounds ; Syndrome

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the influencing factors of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus after combined immunological blockade, and to evaluate the effect of mother-to-child blockade, and to provide a basis for health policies and health interventions for preventing mother-to-child blockade of hepatitis B virus. Methods A total of 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants aged 7-12 months in Hainan Province from 2015 to 2020 were included in the study. The general situation, the situation of health care and delivery in this pregnancy and perinatal period, the detection of hepatitis B markers, the situation of antiviral therapy, the general situation of mother and infant during delivery and the implementation of blockade measures for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants delivered in hospitals in Hainan province from 2015 to 2020, the positive rate of HBsAg in children at 7-12 months after birth was 1.47 %, and the difference in HBsAg positive rate of infants born in different years was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAg among children born to pregnant women with different nationalities, educational levels, occupations, delivery modes, delivery places, obstetric operations and perineal laceration, abnormal perinatal period, children with different genders and premature delivery and perinatal (all P<0.05). There was significant difference in HBsAg positive rate among infants born to pregnant women of different ages, the positive rate of HBsAg of infants born to young pregnant women was higher than that of older pregnant women (P<0.05). The rate of antiviral therapy was low in HBeAg positive pregnant women, and the positive rate of HBsAg in their infants was 2.54%, which was higher than 0.83% in HBeAg negative pregnant women (P<0.05). Conclusions Combined immunological blockade with hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin can effectively prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. HBsAg-positive women can give birth at the right age, and HBeAg-positive pregnant women can be treated with antiviral therapy to block mother-to-child transmission, providing the important basis for the formulation of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies and measures.

Purpose:To avoid using steroid in long term and decrease its side effects. Methods:We analyzedthe data of 9 cases of patients whose immunosuppressive therapy were based on FK506 and MMF. Steroid hasbeen withdrawn in 6 to 8 months after kidney transplantation. Results:All patients have been followed-up. Theresults indicated that no patient exhibited any acute rejection episode, and the side effects of steroid were dimin-ished. Conclusions :We believe that withdrawal of steroid on basis of FK506 and MMF may be safe. and furtherinvestigations are necessary.

OBJECTIVEHepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was detected from infants whose mothers were negative for all HBV markers and the fathers were HBV carrier, the homology of HBV sequence of fathers and fetus was high, and HBV mutations concentrated on some points, and the transmission of HBV from father to fetus was also identified in some reports. The present study aimed to study HBV transmission from father to infant.

METHODSThe study enrolled 16 pairs of fathers who were HBV carriers and infants whose mothers were negative for HBV markers. The infants had evidences for intrauterine HBV infection. The five HBV serum markers HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc were detected with ELISA. The positive results for HBsAg and/or HBeAg were regarded as markers of HBV infection. Amplification of HBV DNA was done using a nested PCR method. The first amplification was carried out using primer C1 (nt 2394-2370), and primer C3 (nt 1730-1754). The second amplification was carried out using primer C2 (nt 1955-1974) and primer C6 (nt 2348-2330). Both primers were designed to amplify the part of sequence coding for the hepatitis B C antigen. The size of the amplified fragment obtained by the nested PCR was expected to be 394 bp. The PCR products were electrophoresed on 1.5% agarose gels, which were then stained with ethidium bromide and observed with ultraviolet transillumination. When 394 bp specific band was detectable, the sample was designated positive. Then the positive samples were identified by dot blot. The second PCR products were extracted by phenol-chloroform and 70% ethanol precipitation, then resuspended in TE buffer (pH8.0), and used as the template for cloning. The template was connected into pGEM-T vector by ligase. The ligated products were cloned into fresh competent JM109 cells, and incubated for 90 minutes at 37 degrees C on roller drum. Finally several dilutions were plated on plates containing ampicillin, X-Gal and IPTG, and incubated at 37 degrees C overnight. The white colony on plates was used for identification by the nested PCR with the above primers. When the 394 bp band was detectable by electrophoresis of PCR products in 1.5% agarose gels, the colony was designated positive; a positive colony was incubated in LB medium for 8 to 12 hrs, then plasmid was extracted using the Wizard Plus SV Minipreps DNA Purification System Kit (Promega). The purified plasmid was sent to Beijing Saibaisheng Company for sequencing. The homology of HBV C nt 2022-2301 sequence was compared between fathers and infants.

RESULTSThe homology of HBV C nt 2022-2301 sequence were 99% - 100% in 16 pairs of fathers and infants. The results were referred to the published sequence of HBV adw/adr clones, and the nucleic acid databases were searched for homology by using BLAST tool on Internet. HBV of the sixteen pairs of father/infant was closely related to the Japan strain (Genebank accession number AF121249), but there were still 17 more mutations at nucleotide positions 2029, 2034, 2044, 2059, 2078, 2095, 2104, 2154, 2161, 2169, 2189, 2201, 2233, 2251, 2284, 2288, 2293. Moreover the mutations at positions 2189, 2288 resulted in the substitution of the encoded amino acid (corresponding to amino acid positions 97 and 130, respectively), the other mutations at the position were nonphenotypic. The mutation of 2189, 2288 nucleotide of HBV C gene caused 97, 130 amino acid substitution for isoleucine to leucine and proline to threonine. The mutation of 2189, 2288 nucleotide of HBV C gene were detected in 6 (37.5%) of 16 pairs of fathers and infants.

CONCLUSIONThe HBV transmission from father to infants did exist. The main HBV C gene mutation strains also existed in the transmission.

Adult ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Viral ; chemistry ; genetics ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Father-Child Relations ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; transmission ; virology ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Male ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVEThe purpose was to analyze the effects of three sterilization methods (dry heat sterilization, steam sterilization, chemical sterilization) on the corrosion of dental fissure burs.

METHODS100 dental fissure burs were distributed to 10 groups. One was control, the burs in the other 9 groups were treated by dry heat sterilization, steam sterilization, chemical sterilization with 5, 10, 15 cycles respectively. Weight method, scanning electron microscope, micro-hardness measurement were used to analyze the corrosion of dental fissure burs.

RESULTSThe fissure burs gained their weight with cycles of sterilization. 5, 10, 15 cycles of dry heat sterilization, 10, 15 cycles of steam sterilization and 15 cycles of chemical sterilization, the weight of fissure burs were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscope showed differences on the surfaces of dental fissure burs among the three sterilization groups. After sterilization, spot or partial erosion were seen on the surface of the burs. The steam sterilization groups showed the most evident changes, followed by chemical sterilization groups and dry heat sterilization groups. X-ray energy spectrometer showed the steam sterilization groups had the largest percentage of W, followed by dry heat sterilization groups, chemical sterilization groups and control group. Fe had the opposite trends. Micro-hardness reduced after sterilization. The reduction was most clear in steam sterilization group, followed by chemical sterilization and dry heat sterilization ( P< 0.05). The difference between 5 and 10 times of steam sterilization and 5, 10, 15 times of chemical sterilization were significant difference (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between 5, 10, 15 times of dry heat sterilization (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe corrosion is most severe in steamsterilization group, followed by chemical sterilization, dry heat sterilization. Dry heat sterilization shows less corrosion.

Corrosion ; Dental Fissures ; Dental High-Speed Equipment ; Dental Instruments ; Steam ; Sterilization

Objective To investigate the effect of autophagy on the apoptosis of H 9C2 cardiomyocytes.Methods H9C2 cardiomyocytes were incubated with different concentrations of high glucose and high lipids ( HGHL ) for different time.The surface area of cardiomyocytes was measured after HE staining .The cell viability and apoptotic rate were measured by flow cytometry.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of LC3Ⅱ, p62, Beclin-1,LAMP2 and cleaved caspase-3.Results After treatment with HGHL, the cells appeared hypertrophy in a concentration-and time-dependent manner , the cell hypertrophy was most obvious under the condition of HGHL(500 μmol/L,36 h)(P<0.001).Cell apoptosis increased in a concentration-and time-dependent manner, the apoptotic rate was nearly 50%under the condition of HGHL ( 500 μmol/L,36 h) ( P<0.001 ) .After treatment with HGHL for 24 h, compared with the control group , the expression of LC3Ⅱ was very significantly increased ( P<0.01) , the expression of Beclin-1 and LAMP 2 were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , but the expression of p 62 was significantly increased ( P<0.01 ) .Compared with the control group and the intervention group , the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was significantly increased ( P<0.01 ) after 1 h of chloroquine pretreatment .Conclusions HGHL induced H9C2 cardiomyocytes hypertrophy promote H 9C2 cardiomyocytes apoptosis in a concentration-and time-dependent manner .HGHL may inhibit autophagy formation and degradation of H 9C2 cardiomyocytes at the same time , leading to abnormal autophagy accumulation of cardiomyocytes , and promote apoptosis , suggesting that inhibition of autophagy may be an important cause for promote apoptosis .

To test the safety of using cardiac death donation ( DCD ) corneas for penetrating keratoplasty surgery graft.METHODS:ln chronological order, suing DCD corneas penetrating keratoplasty, corneal endothelial cell density and best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) were tested 3~4mo after surgery.RESULTS:A total of 14 cases of DCD while 26 corneas were included in this study. Donors age ranged 0. 5 ~61 years, averagely 38. 3 ± 15. 6 years. Causes of death included that 9 cases of traumatic brain injury, 2 cases myocardial infarction, 2 cases brain stem hemorrhage, 1 case of respiratory and circulatory failure. All 26 patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty, no rejection occurred and all grafts were transparent 3 ~ 4mo after surgery. Three to four months after surgery, corneal endothelial cell density ranged 794 ~ 4 347/mm2 , averaged 2 305 ± 827/mm2 , within which was only one case was lower than 1000/mm2 (3. 8%), while 9 cases ranged from 1000 ~ 2000/mm2 (34. 6%), 16 cases were higher than 2000/mm2 (61. 5%). The age of all the 26 receipts were from 20~80 years, mean 40. 7±17. 1 years. BCVA before surgery was light perception positive to 0. 08, with an average 0. 027±0. 024. Three to four months after surgery, BCVA were 0. 2~0. 8, with an average 0. 52± 0. 182 in contrast (t=3. 96, P<0. 001).CONCLUSlON:DCD donated corneas could be used for penetrating keratoplasty graft with high security.

Objective To conduct a microbiological and parasitological investigation of experimental minipigs in Guangdong province. Methods Four major experimental minipig production units in Guangdong province were included in this investigation. Samples were taken from a total of 154 pigs of 4 brreds, i. e. , Bama minipigs, Juema minipigs, Tibet minipigs and Wuzhishan minipigs. Pig fur, scales, serum, rectal swabs and feces samples were collected for detection of 20 pathogens. The data were analyzed and compared among the production units and breeds. Results Mixed infections were detected in all the four institutions. The infection rates of 7 pathogens were rather high: Streptococcus suis type 2 (50. 7%), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (40. 3%), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (100%), Japanese encephalitis virus (41. 3%), porcine circovirus type 2 (74. 8%), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (73. 8%),gastroenteritis virus (44. 7%). Porcine parvovirus (26. 0%), pseudorabies virus(15. 6%) and intestinal worms (3. 2%) were also detected in some animals. The immune qualified rates of classical swine fever virus (62. 8%) and foot-and-mouth disease virus (35. 8%) were rather low. The immune qualified rate of pseudorabies virus was as high as 98. 4%. Besides, Salmonella, Brucella, swine dysentery snake like spirochetes, dermatophytes, influenza virus. Toxoplasma gondii, ectoparasites, and coccidia were not detected. Conclusions The results of this investigation indicate that epidemiological quality control of pathogens in experimental minipigs and efforts to establish high grade minipig population in Guangdong province remain to be strengthened. Our study also provides a basis for revision of local and even national standards for experimental minipigs.

Objective To understand the dietary nutrients among rural stranded children.Methods 2551 children aged 2 to 7, including 1278 stranded children in the rural areas and another 1273 children served as controls were selected, using multistage stratified cluster random sampling. Dietary survey was performed with three-day weighing dietary method and questionnaire on food intake. Data on diet were analyzed and evaluated by the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) recommend by Chinese Nutrition Society, to evaluate the levels on energy and nutrient intake among stranded children in the rural areas. Results The dietary pattern among rural stranded children mainly consisted of grains and vegetables, but the intakes of animal products, fruits, and snacks were significantly less than in the control group. The intakes of three major energy-producing nutrients were below the recommend nutrient intake. Minerals as calcium, zinc, selenium, kalium and vitamins as vitamin A, B1, B2were insufficient.Most of the rural stranded children took nutrients insufficiently, with 50% lack of adequate energy and 80% of protein, 90% of minerals (calcium, zinc etc.) and vitamins (vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 etc.).Sources from high quality protein was insufficient, only consisting 35% of the total protein, but overabundant (over 64 % ) from the plants. The intake of plant-sourced iron was overabundant, accounted for 87%. Conclusion The dietary pattern was unsatisfactory with insufficient intake of energy-sourced proteins and some nutrients. The sources of energy, protein, and iron were mostly obtained from underbalaneed foods. It is necessary to improve the dietary nutrients status among rural stranded children aged 2-7 years.

Objective To learn the effects on improving mental anxiety and depression in empty-nest elderly with hip replacement by accompany care work, and the factors influencing psychological anxiety and depression after hip replacement in empty-nest eldly. Then to explore comprehensive nursing strategies for hip arthroplasty in empty-nest eldly. Methods We investigated empty-nest elderly with hip arthroplasty by using homemade questionnaire, SAS and SDS scale between november 2015 and october 2017. Different nursing methods were used to treat empty-nesters in different groups, and the influencing factors of anxiety and depression were analyzed.Results It is not statistically significant in demographic characteristics (χ2＜3.84, P＞0.05) and anxiety (t = 1.2037, P=0.2308) and depression (t =1.0094, P=0.3142) at the time of entering the hospital, etc. Patients anxiety is statistically significant at time of discharge (t =-5.0159, P≤0.001) and one month after discharge (t =-9.5160, P ＜ 0.001), Patients depression is statistically significant at time of discharge (t =-2.9271, P = 0.0039) and one month after discharge (t =-8.2383, P＜0.001).The factors causing anxiety is nursing mode, number of chronic diseases and postoperative complications. The factors causing depression are economic income, nursing mode, and number of chronic diseases.Conclusion Accompany care work can improve the problems of anxiety and depression in an empty-nest eldly man after hip replacement. It is related to anxiety in nursing patterns, chronic diseases, postoperative complications.Meanhiwle while depression is related to economic income, nursing patterns, and types of chronic diseases, etc.