Adult ; Andrology ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVEDiscuss the surgical treatment of jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal tumor, and choice of the best surgical approach.

METHODS32 patients with jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal tumor were operated through the postauricular tran-supracondylar approach, 13 neurinoma, 7 glomus jugular tumors, 4 meningioma, 3 chordoma. 23 were total removed, with a subtotal of 9.

RESULTS21 patients were followed up, mean 2.5 years. 18 patients work normally, 7 of them were hoarseness, 2 of other 3 patients lived by themselves, 1 of existed obstruct of limbs.

CONCLUSIONSPostauricular tran-supracondylar approach exposes satisfactory for the dumbbell-shape tumors of intra-or extra cranial. It has high rate of total removal and low rate of complications. It is the best approach of treatment in jugular foramen and hypoglossal canal tumors. The outcome is good.

Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Glomus Jugulare Tumor ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the diagnosis and microneurosurgical treatment of cavernous sinus neurinoma.

METHODSTwenty-two patients with cavernous sinus neurinoma which had been diagnosed by MRI were operated on by microsurgery. Fourteen patients received excision of tumor through frontotemporal approach with zygomatic osteotomy and, 8 patients via subtemporal and suboccipital transtentorial approaches.

RESULTSTotal resection was achieved in 21 patients (95.5%), and subtotal resection in 1. There was no operative death. The all operative samples were confirmed neurinoma pathologically. The symptoms postoperation such as headache and exophthalmos were reduced. Three months after operation, the function of the 6th nerve was improved in 12 of 19 patients with paresis of the 6th nerve. One patient with hemiplegia recovered well. The function of the 3th nerve recovered in 4 of 6 patients with recurrent paresis of the 3th nerve. Those patients with hydrocephalus were improved after operation. The patients were follow up 8 - 60 months (mean 20 months). No tumor recurrence was observed.

CONCLUSIONCavernous sinus neurinoma can be removed successfully via subtemporal and suboccipital transtentorial approaches.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Cavernous Sinus ; pathology ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; Male ; Microsurgery ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trigeminal Nerve

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical application of the ureteral dilation catheter combined with the balloon catheter under the ureteroscope in the treatment of urethral stricture in men.

METHODSUnder the ureteroscope, 45 male patients with urethral stricture received placement of a zebra guide wire through the strictured urethra into the bladder and then a ureteral dilation catheter along the guide wire, followed by dilation of the urethra from F8 initially to F14 and F16. Again, the ureteroscope was used to determine the length of the strictured urethra, its distance to the external urethral orifice, and whether it was normally located. An F24 balloon catheter and then a metal urethral calibrator was used for the dilation of the strictured urethra. After removal of the F18-F22 urethral catheter at 8 weeks, the urinary flow rate was measured immediately and again at 3 months.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully performed without serious complications. The maximum urinary flow rate was (13.3-29.9) ml/s (mean [17.7 ± 3.2] ml/s) at the removal of the catheter and (15.2-30.8) ml/s (mean [19.8 ± 3.9] ml/s) at 3 months after it. Smooth urination was found in all the patients during the 6-24 months follow-up.

CONCLUSIONThe application of the ureteral dilation catheter combined with, the balloon catheter under the ureteroscope is a good option for the treatment of male urethral stricture for its advantages of uncomplicatedness, safety, effectiveness, few complications, less pain, high success rate, and repeatable operation.

Catheterization ; Humans ; Male ; Ureteroscopes ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture ; therapy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Catheters ; Urination

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effectiveness of surgical strategies for Shang Ring circumcision in the treatment of short frenulum praeputii in patients with redundant prepuce or phimosis.

METHODSTotally, 130 cases of short frenulum praeputii with redundant prepuce or phimosis were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group of equal number to receive Shang Ring circumcision, the former by transverse incision in the distal penis foreskin and pull-up of the interior board, and the latter by conventional transverse incision and longitudinal suture of the frenulum praeputii. Comparisons were made between the two groups in the surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, 24 h postoperative pain visual analog score (VAS), postoperative complications, satisfaction with the penile appearance, and the quality of sexual life.

RESULTSThe surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, 24 h postoperative VAS, postoperative sexual satisfaction, and satisfaction with penile appearance were (4.60 +/- 1.20) min, (2.61 +/- 1.81) ml, 1.73 +/- 0.76, 98.5%, and 98.5%, respectively, in the experimental group, as compared with (21.60 +/- 6.30) min, (11.10 +/- 3.40) ml, 5.37 +/- 1.84, 70.3% and 69.8% in the control, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence rates of such major complications as wound dehiscence, infection, and moderate to severe edema were 1.5% (1/65), 3.1% (2/65), and 4.6% (3/65), respectively, in the experimental group in comparison with 12.3% (8/65), 15.3% (10/65), and 30.7% (20/65) in the control, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). None of patients had any serious complications.

CONCLUSIONShang Ring circumcision by transverse incision in the distal penis foreskin and pull-up of the interior board, with its advantages of shorter operation time, less blood loss, mild pain, fewer complications, and higher satisfaction and acceptance of the patients, can be used as an safe and effective approach to the treatment of short frenulum praeputii.

Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; statistics & numerical data ; Circumcision, Male ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Edema ; epidemiology ; Foreskin ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Operative Time ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; diagnosis ; Patient Satisfaction ; Phimosis ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Prostheses and Implants ; Surgical Wound Dehiscence ; epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection ; epidemiology

Objective To find out the situation of household consumption of iodized salt in Hebei province so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD). Methods According to the "national iodine deficiency disorders surveillance program (Trial)", the county (city, district) was taken as a unit, township (town) and administrative villages were selected in accordance with the principle of systematic sampling, then households were chosen by random sampling to collect their edible salt in Hebei province from 2007 to 2009. Salt iodine content was detected by direct titration method. Results A total of 48 675, 48 448 and 48 756 salt samples were collected from 2007 to 2009, respectively. The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt from 2007 to 2009 was 91.16%, 91.96% and 96.17%, respectively. There were 24.6%(41/167)and 18.0%(30/167)counties with consumption rate of qualified iodized salt under 90% in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The percentage of counties with consumption rate of qualified iodized salt above 90% was 100.0%(167/167) in 2009. In general there was a significant differences in frequency distribution of consumption rates of qualified iodized salt among the three years(H = 10.778, P ＜ 0.01 ), and the difference was found significant between 2007 and 2009 as well as between 2008 and 2009(all P ＜ 0.05), but was not significant between 2007 and 2008(P ＞ 0.05). Conclusions The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt at household level increases annually from 2007 to 2009. By 2009,the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in each county is more than 90%, which has reached the national standard stipulated in "the evaluation programs for fulfilling the goal of eliminating IDD at county level".

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the growth-inhibiting and pro-apoptotic effect of kaempferol in human esophageal squamous carcinoma Eca-109 cells and explore the mechanism.

METHODSThe effect of kaempferol on Eca-109 cell proliferation in vitro was measured by MTT assay. TUNEL staining was used to detect the cell apoptosis following kaempferol treatment. The changes in Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA expressions in response to kaempferol treatment were determined by RT-PCR, and the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities were evaluated using colorimetric assay.

RESULTSKaempferol significantly inhibited Eca-109 cell proliferation (P<0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner and induced obvious cell apoptosis. RT-PCR showed that after kaempferol treatment caused up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA expression. The colorimetric assay revealed significantly increased caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities in Eca-109 cells following kaempferol treatment (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONKaempferol can induce apoptosis of Eca-109 cells via a mitochondria-dependent pathway.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Kaempferols ; pharmacology ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the surgical approaches and therapeutic effect of lymphatic malformations located in head and neck in children. Methods Eleven cases of lymphatic malformations in the region of head and neck in children encountered between Jan. 1998 and Dec. 2008 in Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Initial diagnosis was made based on the physical examination and then confirmed by MR and Enhanced CT imaging. Surgical therapy was used for patients with lymphatic malformation which exceeds 4 cm. The operative technique was as follows: mass resection and superficial parotidectomy (4 cases), mass resection and total parotidectomy (2 cases), mass resection with neck dissection (2 cases), mass resection with neck dissection and sternotomy (1 case), marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve dissection and mass resection (2 cases). Dissection outside the false capsule was applied during the operation and facial nerve was dissected from bole to terminal arborization. Results The mass was completely removed in all 11 cases without organ dysfunction and obvious dysfigurement. The cure rate was 100%. Three cases suffered from a branch of facial nerve paralysis because of tension and 1 case had a Homer's syndrome after operation. One ease needed a blood transfusion (150 ml ) during the operation. All cases have been followed up with excellent results from 6 to 121 months, 32 months of the median, no mass recurrence. Conclusions Dissection outside the false capsule of mass and dissection of facial nerve were applied in the surgical treatment of huge lymphatic malformations. These methods are effective in the preservation of function and avoidance of abnormality.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic features of the skull base chordomas treated with neurosurgical operations.

METHODSOne hundred and six patients of skull base chordomas were enrolled by means of telephone, letter and out-patient recheck who presented between May 1993 and June 2005. They were scored by Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) during admission respectively, before period of discharge and follow-up. SPSS Life-table method was used to calculate the recurrent rates and survival rates.

RESULTSSeventy-nine patients were followed for 10-158 months. The average period was 63.9 months. Survival rates of 1, 3, 5 and 10 year were 87.2%, 79.4%, 67.6% and 59.5%, meanwhile recurrent rates of 1, 3, 5 and 10 years were 19.1%, 34.7%, 52.9% and 88.3% respectively. The mean KPS on admission, before discharge and follow-up were 71.0, 72.5 and 67.1 respectively, which demonstrated the significant differences between the before discharge item and the follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSThe prognosis of the skull base chordomas was poor. The recurrent rate was ascending year by year, meanwhile the survival rate was descending and 8 years later the tendency became gently. Neurosurgical treatments can improve majority long-term qualities, so they should be viewed as the first treatment choice.

Adult ; Chordoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome