OBJECTIVE To evaluate the value of serum procalcitonin(PCT) levels for differentiating Gram-positive and-negative bacteria infected critically ill patients in intensive care unit(ICU). METHODS Serum PCT levels were measured in 80 patients with sepsis and severe sepsis in ICU.Of the 80 patients,40 were infected with Gram-positive bacteria and 40 were infected with Gram-negative bacteria.Another 40 patients with fungi or viruses infection or non-infection from ICU were measured in parallel as control. RESULTS Serum levels of PCT in patients with Gram-negative bacteria were significantly higher than in those with Gram-positive bacteria and control ones(18.5?5.8ng/ml vs 3.9?2.1ng/ml and 0.3?0.2 ng/ml,respectively,P

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the influencing factors of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus after combined immunological blockade, and to evaluate the effect of mother-to-child blockade, and to provide a basis for health policies and health interventions for preventing mother-to-child blockade of hepatitis B virus. Methods A total of 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants aged 7-12 months in Hainan Province from 2015 to 2020 were included in the study. The general situation, the situation of health care and delivery in this pregnancy and perinatal period, the detection of hepatitis B markers, the situation of antiviral therapy, the general situation of mother and infant during delivery and the implementation of blockade measures for mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 11 363 pairs of HBsAg positive pregnant women and their infants delivered in hospitals in Hainan province from 2015 to 2020, the positive rate of HBsAg in children at 7-12 months after birth was 1.47 %, and the difference in HBsAg positive rate of infants born in different years was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAg among children born to pregnant women with different nationalities, educational levels, occupations, delivery modes, delivery places, obstetric operations and perineal laceration, abnormal perinatal period, children with different genders and premature delivery and perinatal (all P<0.05). There was significant difference in HBsAg positive rate among infants born to pregnant women of different ages, the positive rate of HBsAg of infants born to young pregnant women was higher than that of older pregnant women (P<0.05). The rate of antiviral therapy was low in HBeAg positive pregnant women, and the positive rate of HBsAg in their infants was 2.54%, which was higher than 0.83% in HBeAg negative pregnant women (P<0.05). Conclusions Combined immunological blockade with hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin can effectively prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HBV. HBsAg-positive women can give birth at the right age, and HBeAg-positive pregnant women can be treated with antiviral therapy to block mother-to-child transmission, providing the important basis for the formulation of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies and measures.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition package on the nutritional status and prevalence of children in rural areas of Hainan Province, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for further improving the nutritional and health status of children in this region. Methods　Four cities and counties were randomly selected as the intervention group, and four cities and counties matched with the intervention group in terms of population, economy, social culture, maternal and child health work foundation of township health centers, physical nutrition and health status were selected as the control group.With the combination of monitoring and prospective cohort study, infants in the intervention group and the control group were studied from June 1, 2020, and they were intervened for 12 months with supplementary food nutrition package. Before and after intervention, the nutrition and health status of infants aged 6-24 months in the intervention group and the control group were investigated to evaluate the nutritional and health effects of supplementary food nutrition package for infants aged 6-24 months in rural Hainan Province. Results　A total of 999 infants were investigated, including 427 in the intervention group and 572 in the control group. After 12 months of nutritional intervention, there was no significant difference in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of emaciation of the intervention group was 1.64%, which was significantly lower than 3.67% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of growth retardation (2.81% and 3.32%, respectively) and underweight (0.47% and 1.92%, respectively) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of respiratory infection and diarrhea in the intervention group were 9.13% and 1.17%, which were significantly lower than corresponding 23.25% and 3.15% in the control group (P<0.05). The hemoglobin of the intervention group and the control group were 117.24 g/L and 114.51 g/L respectively, and the rates of anemia were 11.11% and 22.84% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　The intervention of nutrition package in rural areas of Hainan Province has achieved the expected results, and supplementary food nutrition package has reduced the incidence of malnutrition and respiratory infection and diarrhea in recent two weeks in infants and anemia to a certain extent. We should attach great importance to the supplementary nutrition package for right-age children and promote the growth and health of children in rural areas through supplementary nutrition package, and continuously improve the nutrition and health level of children in Hainan Province.

The systematic treatment based on gemcitabine plus cisplatin is recommended as the current standard chemotherapy for unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancers.However,the exact benefits from the recognized regime are still dismal.We thus elicit this study in an attempt to analyze whether targeted therapy coupled with various chemotherapy could produce improvement of survival benefits.The clinical trials were searched electronically from databases till July 2016 published in English and Chinese.Nine hundred and sixty-four patients from 7 trials were identified in our analysis.The overall analysis achieved a significantly higher overall response rate (ORR) among the patients treated with targeted drugs plus chemotherapy than chemotherapy alone (OR=1.87;95％ CI:1.37-2.57;P=0.000),but failed in the overall progression-free survival (PFS) [mean difference (MD)=0.63;95％ CI:-0.45-1.72;P=0.26] and overall survival (OS) (MD=-0.67;95％ CI:-2.54-1.20;P=0.49).In the sub analysis,better ORR was obtained with the addition of EGFR (OR=1.75;95％ CI:1.20-2.56;P=0.004) and VEGFR (OR=2.5;95％ CI:1.28-4.87;P=0.007) targeted therapy.Furthermore,the sub analysis of EGFR target showed an significant improvement on PFS (MD=l.36;95％ CI:0.29-2.43;P=0.01).No significant differences were observed in the incidences ofneutropenia (OR=1.37;95％ CI:0.89-2.12),thrombocytopenia (OR=l.40;95％ CI:0.83-2.39),anemia (OR=l.21;95％ CI:0.62-2.38),peripheral neuropathy (OR=1.52;95％ CI:0.81-2.88),increased AST/ALT (OR=l.40;95％ CI:0.82-2.39) as well as fatigue (OR=1.65;95％ CI:0.96-2.84) in either of the treatment groups.In conclusion,better ORR associated with chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy (both targeting EGFR and VEGF) is found in the present mcta-analysis without the cost of increased unacceptable toxicities,but regretfully not for the OS.The sub-analysis of targeting EGFR instead of VEGF obtains a superior PFS.Otherwise,there is no statistically significant difference in the overall PFS between the combination regime and chemotherapy alone.Given the paucity of favorable data,we need further studies to characterize optimal targeted agents to confirm the potential value to biliary tract cancer.

OBJECTIVETo study the conditions and parameters of purifying total flavonoids from seed residue of H. rhamnoides.

METHODAbsorption capacity of three resins for total flavonoids was compared. With the yield and purity as indexes, the process of absorbing and purifying total flavonoids from seed residue with D101 macroporous resin absorbent was selected by orthogonal design.

RESULTThe D101 resin was the best of the three resins and its absorption capacity was determined to be 63.00 mg x g(-1) wet resin. The optimum process condition was 30% ethanol as eluting solvent, wet resin vs crude herbs: 2:1, diameter vs height: 1:10, eluting solvent vs crude herbs: 10:1, absorbing time for 3 h. The yield of total flavonoids from seeds residue of H. rhamnoides by this process was 2.39%, and the purity reached 64.81%.

CONCLUSIONThe process is simple and convenient and the regeneration of resin is easy. So this method of purification is advisable.

Ethanol ; Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; Hippophae ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying the attenuation of streptomycin ototoxicity by tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), the present study investigated the effect of TMP on the outward K(+) current in the outer hair cells of guinea pig cochlea. Sixty guinea pigs were divided into 6 groups randomly. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was used to observe the change in thresholds and to evaluate ototoxicity induced by streptomycin. Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to observe the effect of TMP on outward K(+) current in isolated outer hair cells. The results showed that TMP attenuated the threshold shift caused by streptomycin and increased the amplitudes of Ca(2+)-sensitive K(+) current [I(K(Ca))] in the outer hair cells. The present data suggest that TMP displays anti-ototoxicity induced by streptomycin. The augmented amplitudes of I(K(Ca)) of the outer hair cells induced by TMP may be one of the mechanisms underlying its ototoxicity-attenuating effect.
Animals ; Auditory Threshold ; Cochlea ; cytology ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Guinea Pigs ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer ; drug effects ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; Pyrazines ; Streptomycin ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo summarize the therapeutic experience and analyse the clinical effects of anatomical plate and combined external fixator for the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric hip fractures.

METHODSFrom Oct.2006 to Jun.2009, 42 patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures were treated. Among them, 19 patients were treated with combined external fixator, included 7 males and 12 females, aged from 71 to 103 years old; according to Evans classification there were 3 of type 1, 5 of type II, 6 of type III, 5 of type IV. The other 23 patients were treated with anatomical plate, included 9 males and 14 females, aged from 73 to 97 years old; there were 5 of type I , 4 of type II, 10 of type II, 2 of type IV, 2 of type V. Comparisons and statistical analysis were made on operation time, blood loss during operation, hospitalization time, the time of loaded walking, fracture healing time and therapeutic effect.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up for 6 to 15 months with an average of 8.6 months. In combined external fixator group, the average operation time was (29.368 +/- 3.253) min, the average blood loss during operation was (30.526 +/- 5.242) ml, the average hospitalization time was (4.368 +/- 1.165) d, the average time of loaded walking was (14.526 +/- 1.867) weeks, the fracture healing time was (14.632 +/- 2.798) weeks; in the anatomical plate group above-mentioned indexes were (58.987 +/- 8.600) min, (256.090 +/- 30.112) ml, (13.783 +/- 1.976) d, (11.391+/- 1.644) weeks, (11.391 +/- 2.327) weeks,respectively; and there were significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). According to Harris score criterion, the scores of combined external fixator group was (86.368 0 +/- 3.640) scores,and the scores of anatomical plate group was (86.435 +/- 4.198) scores; there were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effect of combined external fixator and anatomical plate for the elderly intertrochanteric hip fractures are both satisfactory and each has its own merits. Combined external fixator has advantages such as fewer complications and operative injuries than that of anatomical plate and is more suitable for the weaker with elderly intertrochanteric hip fractures.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Weight-Bearing

Objective:To study the application value of self-made endometrial sampler in the diagnosis of endometrial lesions.Methods:A total of 80 patients with endometrial lesions and indications for diagnostic curettage were enrolled in Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jiading District from November 2014 to January 2016.All of patients were presenting for endometrial biopsy by self-made endometrial sampler before hysteroscopy and diagnostic curettage.The pathologic diagnostic accordance of the two groups were evaluated.Results:The coincidence rate of pathologic diagnosis between self-made endometrial sampler and hysteroscopic curettage was 87.84%.The pathological diagnosis results of the two groups were in good coherence (Kappa=0.75).No statistical significance of specimen satisfaction was found between two groups (P=0.276).The operation time in self-made endometrial sampler group was significantly shorter than that in hysteroscopic curettage group (P<0.01).Conclusions:The pathological results of self-made endometrial sampler is similar to hysteroscopic curettage.It suggests that self-made endometrial sampler is comparable for the diagnosis of endometrial lesions.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on palmitate-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the underlying mechanism. HUVECs were cultured in vitro, and then treated by palmitate to induce apoptosis. Meanwhile, GLP-1 was added to explore its effect. After 24 h of the treatments, Caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation were measured using ELISA kits. Phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) expression was detected by Western blot. The results showed that incubating HUVECs with 0.125 mmol/L GLP-1 increased Caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation. GLP-1 significantly inhibited palmitate-induced increases of Caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, GLP-1 inhibited the up-regulation of p-p38 MAPK expression induced by palmitate in HUVECs. These results suggest GLP-1 protects HUVECs against lipo-apoptosis, and this effect may be mediated through inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway.
Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; DNA Fragmentation ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; metabolism ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; MAP Kinase Signaling System ; Up-Regulation ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of oxymatrine (OMT) on NF-kappaB and other cell factors in rat lung tissue with septic shock.

METHODFifty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: sham operation group, OMT control group, model (CLP) group, CLP + OMT high, middle, low-dose group, positive control group. Changes in NF-kappaB (p65) and IkB-alpha activity in the pulmonary tissue were determined by immunohistochemical method, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in pulmonary tissue were determined by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTOMT could decrease significantly the NF-kappaB (p65) and IkB-alpha activity in the pulmonary tissue (P < 0.05), TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels in pulmonary tissue homogenate decreased markedly (P < 0.05). OMT could elevate the content of PaO2, SaO2, decrease the content of PaCO2, HCO3- and decrease the ratio between wet weight of the lung and dry weight of the lung and the PWI.

CONCLUSIONOMT can inhibit NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), NF-kappaB activity and reduce the expression of proinflammatory factor (TNF-alpha, IL-6) and antagonize the lung injury in a rat model of septic shock.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Radioimmunoassay ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Septic ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism