In order to develop characteristic folk medicine resources in Jiangxi, a pharmacognostical study was systematically performed for four different origin plants of Sikuaiwa, the result of study provides the microscopic features of powder and tissue of the crude drug. The research provided reference for the identification of Sikuaiwa, as well as a theoretical basis for the further development and the formulation of quality standards.
Magnoliopsida ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Medicine, Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

It was widely believed that the interaction between rice and rice blast fungus can be interpreted by the gene-for-gene hypothesis. Two interaction models between rice blast fungus and anti-disease genes had been briefed. They were receptor-ligand model and guard model. The progress of research about molecular marker and position on avirulence genes of the pathogens of rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) was reviewed, and the methods to clone and the cloned avirulence genes of rice blast fungus were also summarized.

OBJECTIVETo observe therapeutic effect of photoelectric treatment instrument on simple obesity.

METHODSSixty cases of simple obesity were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group were treated with photoelectric treatment instrument combined with acupuncture, i.e. after acupuncture, the electrodes of XS-998A photoelectric treatment instrument were placed at points of the abdomen, with the laser out-put head on Shenque (CV 8), Shuifen (CV 9) or the parts with much fat, or close to the liver area for the patient of fat liver. The control group were treated with routine acupuncture alone. Changes of main symptoms and signs, and BMI before and after treatment were investigated in the two groups.

RESULTSThe symptoms and signs, and BMI were more significantly improved in the treatment as compared with the control group with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture combined with laser radiation at the relative area on the abdomen can increase the therapeutic effect on obesity.

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Obesity ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological characteristics of tic disorders (TD) among pupils in the Shunde Longjiang area, and their relationship to trace elements.

METHODSA cross-sectional study of 4062 children aged 6-12 years, who were selected from the Shunde Longjiang area by stratified cluster sampling to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of TD, was conducted, and blood concentrations of trace elements in children with TD were determined. Forty normal children were selected as controls.

RESULTSThe overall prevalence rate of TD was 2.98%; the prevalence rates of transient tic disorder, chronic motor or vocal tic disorder and Tourette's syndrome were 3.62%, 2.39% and 1.21% respectively. Boys had a significantly higher prevalence rate of TD than girls (3.92% vs 1.96%; P<0.05). There were no significant differences in blood copper, manganese and magnesium levels between children with TD and normal children (P>0.05), however, children with TD had a significantly increased blood lead level and significantly decreased blood zinc and iron levels compared with the normal children (P<0.05). No significant differences in trace elements were found between children with different subtypes of TD (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTD is common in children aged 6-12 years and more prevalent in boys than in girls. High blood lead level and zinc and iron deficiencies may be one of the causes of TD, and thus should be considered during therapy.

Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Iron ; blood ; Lead ; blood ; Male ; Tic Disorders ; blood ; epidemiology ; Trace Elements ; blood ; Zinc ; blood

OBJECTIVEImprovement in lung function was reported after acupuncture treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Because an immune response imbalance could be seen in COPD, we hypothesize that electroacupuncture (EA) may play a role in regulating inflammatory cytokines and contribute to lung protection in a rat model of smoke-induced COPD.

METHODSA COPD model using male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to cigarette smoke was established. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, sham, COPD, and COPD plus EA), and COPD model was evaluated by measuring pulmonary pathological changes and lung function. EA was applied to the acupuncture point Zusanli (ST36) for 30 min/d for 14 d in sham and COPD rats. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was used to measure levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and malonaldehyde (MDA).

RESULTSCompared with the control rats, COPD rats had significant changes in lung resistance (RL) and lung compliance (CL) (both P<0.01), bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P<0.01), and levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-1β (P<0.01). There were no significant differences between the control and the sham groups. Compared with the COPD rats, the COPD plus EA rats had decreased RL and increased CL (both P<0.05), and reduced bronchi and bronchiole airway obstruction (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively), while levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA in BALF were lowered (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). However, TNF-α and IL-1β levels of the EA group rats remained higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONEA at ST36 can reduce lung injury in a COPD rat model, and beneficial effects may be related to down-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects may prolong the clinical benefit of EA.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; immunology ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; etiology ; immunology ; therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo identify the clinical and pathological features of acute myeloid leukemia with B lymphoproliferative disorders.

METHODSThe characteristics of 3 cases of acute monocytic leukemia with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia/monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis were reported with literatures review.

RESULTSThe patients presented with a history of anemia, bleeding and/or fever. Acute monocytic leukemia was diagnosed by bone marrow morphology, cytochemistry and pathology studies. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry analysis showed a significant population of absolute B-lymphocyte count of > 5×10(9)/L in a patients, similar to that of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

CONCLUSIONSThe association of acute monocytic leukemia and untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia/monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis was a rare event. The abnormal B lymphocytes was likely to be misdiagnosis. Thus, it was important to combine several kinds of laboratory studies, especially flow cytometry to identify this rare disorder.

Aged ; B-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Lymphocytosis ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVEThis paper presents a new method of skeleton reconstruction for oblique facial clefts using autogenous bone of the mandibular outer table.

METHODSIn the operation, the mandibular outer table was harvested through the intraoral approach. Assisted with internal rigid fixation technique, the mandibular outer table was used to reconstruct the naso-orbital framework as inlay or onlay bone graft.

RESULTSFrom 1993 to 2001, seven cases of oblique facial clefts were repaired with mandibular outer table bone graft. Postoperative follow-up for 6 months to 3 years demonstrated that the grafted bone healed well with the adjacent bones. No obvious bone resorption was observed. The facial appearance was improved greatly.

CONCLUSIONSThe mandibular outer table, with similar bone density to the calvarium, is easy to harvest without donor site scar. The method is quite ideal for skeleton reconstruction of oblique facial clefts.

Adolescent ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Facial Bones ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; transplantation ; Nasal Bone ; abnormalities ; Orbit ; abnormalities ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the method to obtain good aesthetic and functional results in surgical management of craniomaxillofacial fibrous dysplasia and correct the grotesque deformity.

METHODSAccording to the type of the lesions, different excision and reconstruction methods were used.

RESULTS19 cases (4 monostotic cases and 15 polyostotic cases) were surgically treated. The period of follow-up range from 9 months to 5 years, all patients obtained satisfactory aesthetic and functional results. No relapse happened during follow up.

CONCLUSIONSBased on modern craniomaxillofacial techniques and computer aided design, extensive radical excision and craniomaxillofacial skeleton reconstruction could be safely accomplished, and the better results were obtained, both aestheticly and functionally.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Computer-Aided Design ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; surgery ; Facial Bones ; Female ; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skull ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo summarize the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in post-operative neurosurgical patients.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 7 patients who experienced pulmonary thromboembolism after neurosurgical operations in our department from October 2009 to March 2010.

RESULTSOf these 7 patients, 6 were confirmed with computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and 1 was diagnosed according to the clinical manifestations and other diagnostic examinations. All the patients were treated initially with low-dose heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin and then with warfarin. Two patients were implanted with permanent inferior vena cava filters before anticoagulation. One received anticoagulant therapy and died of respiratory failure due to pulmonary embolism on the fourth post-operative day. Six patients were discharged after significant improvement.

CONCLUSIONSMany risk factors may cause PTE peri-operatively. Post-operative CTPA may be indicated. Anticoagulation and other management strategies may be applied to improve the outcome.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Postoperative Complications ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Pulmonary Embolism ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the manifestation and diagnostic value of multislice spiral CT (MSCT) and MRI imaging in detection of tumor recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSThe clinical data of 161 consecutive HCC patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-nine HCC patients were classified by pTNM according to the "Pittsburgh criteria". MSCT and MRI findings of tumor recurrence after liver transplantation were evaluated retrospectively in 29 stage II-IVb HCC patients. The recurrence site and relapse interval between liver transplantation and recurrence were analyzed.

RESULTSLung tumor recurrence were found in 21 cases, presented as cotton-like lesions in a diameter of 2 - 3 cm, with a clear margin and homogeneous density. Pleural tumor recurrence was detected in 4 cases. Liver tumor recurrence were found in 9 cases, which can be divided into four subtypes: multinodular in 4 cases, diffuse lesion in 2 cases, huge mass in 2 cases, and uninodular in 1 case. Two cases showed tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava and portal vein. Lymph node tumor recurrence was found in 9 cases, presented as multiple nodules at hepatic hilum, lesser peritoneal sac, posterior mediastinum, retroperitoneum, or around pancreatic head, and accompanied with merging and necrosis in one case. Bone tumor recurrence were found as osteolytic destruction in 4 cases, and accompanied with adjacent soft-tissue mass in 2 cases. The recurrence sites of the 29 cases were as following: lung (21 cases, 72.4%), liver (9 cases, 31.0%), lymph nodes (9 cases, 31.0%), bone (4 cases, 13.8%) and other sites (3 cases, 10.3%). Lung tumor recurrence was found in all the 10 stage IVb patients with tumor recurrence after liver transplantation, significantly more frequent than that in stage IVa patients (P = 0.023). After liver transplantation, all 25 patients with stage III approximately IVb HCC developed recurrence within one year, but in the 4 cases with stage II HCC at one year later (P = 0.009).

CONCLUSIONThe results of our study show that in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation, the lung and pleura are the most frequent site of recurrence, followed by liver, lymph node and bone as the second and third sites. The Stage IVb hepatocellular carcinoma should be regarded as a contradiction for liver transplantation due to rapid recurrence. Tumor recurrence occurs later in stage II HCC than in stage III approximately IVb patients. MSCT and MRI are of significant importance in diagnosis and formulating operation plan in HCC patients with recurrence after liver transplantation.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Pleural Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods