Objective To evaluate the effect of special rectification of clinical antimicrobial use in a hospital. Methods Medical records of patients receiving inguinal hernia repair before (in 2011)and after (in 2012)the per-formance of special rectification were reviewed,and the rationality of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis was compared.Results Prophylactic antimicrobial usage rate in patients receiving inguinal hernia repair decreased from 53.90%(76/114)in 2011 to 5.59%(10/179)in 2012,the difference was significant (χ2 =93.68,P <0.05);aver-age expense of antimicrobial use per patient decreased by 86.95% (from ￥ 624.73 in 2011 to ￥ 81 .52 in 2012);Combination use and single use was 93.42% and 80.00% respectively.Surgical site infection did not occur in both groups.Conclusion Through the special rectification activities of the clinical antimicrobial use,perioperative anti-microbial prophylaxis and expense of antimicrobial agents in patients receiving inguinal hernia repair is effectively re-duced.

The CRISPR/Cas9 based prime editing (PE) technique enables all 12 types of base substitutions and precise small DNA deletions or insertions without generating DNA double-strand breaks. Prime editing has been successfully applied in plants and plays important roles in plant precision breeding. Although plant prime editing (PPE) can substantially expand the scope and capabilities of precise genome editing in plants, its editing efficiency still needs to be further improved. Here, we review the development of PPE technique, and introduce structural composition, advantages and limitations of PPE. Strategies to improve the PPE editing efficiency, including the T_m-directed PBS length design, the RT template length, the dual-pegRNA strategy, the PlantPegDesigner website, and the strategies for optimizing the target proteins of PPE, were highlighted. Finally, the prospects of future development and application of PPE were discussed.
CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; DNA ; Gene Editing ; Genome, Plant/genetics* ; Plant Breeding ; Plants/genetics*