Outbreaks of pseudorabies (PR) have occurred in southern China since late 2011, resulting in significant economic impacts on the swine industry. To identify the cause of PR outbreaks, especially among vaccinated pigs, 11 pseudorabies virus (PRV) field strains were isolated from Guangdong province during 2013–2014. Their major viral genes (gE, TK, gI, PK, gD, 11K, and 28K) were analyzed in this study. Insertions or deletions were observed in gD, gE, gI and PK genes compared with other PRV isolates from all over the world. Furthermore, sequence alignment showed that insertions in gD and gE were unique molecular characteristics of the new prevalent PRV strains in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that our isolates were clustered in an independent branch together with other strains isolated from China in recent years, and that they showed a closer genetic relationship with earlier isolates from Asia. Our results suggest that these isolates are novel PRV variants with unique molecular signatures.
Asia ; China* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Genes, Viral ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid* ; Pseudorabies* ; Sequence Alignment ; Swine

The spike gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was sequenced from 55 South China field strains isolated from pigs with symptoms of diarrhea. The sequences were compared within the set of field strains as well as with reference strains available in GenBank. Within the 55 South China PEDV field strains, the deduced amino acid sequence identities ranged from 93.8% to 99.9 % and ranged from 90.7% to 99.5% when compared with the foreign reference strains in GenBank. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that 10 of the 55 South China PEDV strains belonged to G1b and 45 belonged to G2b.
Amino Acid Sequence ; China* ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Diarrhea ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus* ; Sequence Analysis* ; Swine

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a high degree of genetic variation. In this study, we characterized the genetic variation and evolutionary relationships among circulating PRRSV strains in southern China. We analyzed 29 NSP2 strains and 150 ORF5 strains from clinical samples collected in southern China during 2007–2014. The alignment results showed that the nucleotide identity similarities of the two genes among these strains were 80.5%–99.7% and 80.9%–100%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the NSP2 gene showed that highly pathogenic (HP)-PRRSV was still the dominant virus in southern China from 2013 to 2014. Compared with reference strains CH-1a and VR-2332, the field strain 131101-GD-SHC, which shared high homology with JXA1-P170, had a novel 12 amino acid deletion at position 499–510. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ORF5 gene showed that HP-PRRSV, VR2332-like strains, and QYYZ-like strains were simultaneously circulating in southern China from 2007 to 2014, suggesting that, in recent years, the type 2 PRRSV was more diverse in southern China. In conclusion, mutations in the decoy epitope and primary neutralizing epitope could be markers of viral evolution and used to study evolutionary relationships among PRRSV strains in China.
China ; Genetic Variation* ; Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome* ; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus*

Objective:To investigate the influence of infarct vessel diameter, blood flow before operation, blood flow status after operation, coronary artery disease, number of coronary artery lesions and other risk factors on the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 in the coronary blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and to determine the relationship between inflammatory factors and ACS and its impact on clinical status.Methods:The peripheral blood and coronary blood of 54 patients with ACS underwent emergency interventional treatment were collected before the operation. The level of IL-1, IL-6, and IL-10 in the blood sample was detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer.Results:Postoperative adverse cardiac events were positively correlated with the patient's age, D-to-B time, and the number of coronary artery lesions (all P<0.05). The levels of IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 in coronary blood of ACS patients were higher than those in peripheral blood (all P<0.05). The number of coronary artery disease branches (≥3), the onset time of myocardial infarction (>4 h), diabetes mellitus, ischemic post-treatment, preoperative blood flow level ( 2.5 mm, coronary artery disease number ≥ 3, severe right coronary artery disease, preoperative blood flow 22 frames, and cardiovascular events, the IL-10 levels are higher (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The levels of inflammatory factors IL-1, IL-6, and IL-10 in coronary blood of ACS patients are higher than those in peripheral blood, suggesting that acute coronary artery originates from local coronary inflammatory reaction, and the increase of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood belongs to "Erosion" effect. The level of inflammatory factors is significantly related to the diameter of the diseased blood vessel, preoperative blood flow, the number of coronary artery disease, the location of myocardial infarction, diabetes and smoking history.