【Objective】 To investigate the CMV-IgG positive yeild among blood donors in Guangzhou and explore the differences in the efficacy of three test reagents, aimed at improving blood safety and service capacity of blood centers. 【Methods】 A total of 630 blood samples from eligible blood donors from July to October 2020 in our center were randomly selected and screened for CMV-IgG by one ELISA reagent.Among them, 180 samples were tested in parallel using three reagents (two ELISA reagents and one ECLIA reagent), and those tested negative were conducted quantitative CMV-DNA detection.The test results of different reagents were compared and analyzed. 【Results】 Out of the 630 samples, a total of 598 positive samples were screened out, including 180 samples yielded by three reagents, 171 and 175 by the two ELISA reagents, respectively, and 175 by ECLIA.The results given by three reagents were consistent (Kappa>0.4), and no significant difference in the positive yeild by three reagents was found.In the 180 samples, 11 were negative, among which 3, 2 and 6 samples were negative by all three reagents, two reagents and one reagent (ELISA), respectively.All the 11 samples were tested negative for CMV-DNA. 【Conclusion】 The yeild of positive CMV-IgG in blood donors was 94.9% (598/630), suggesting a high prevalence of CMV in Guangzhou. CMV serologically negative blood should be considered when providing blood products to immunocompromised patients to improve the safety of recipients.The detection results of ELISA reagents and ECLIA reagent for CMV- IgG are consistent, but ECLIA reagent has better detection efficacy.

Homocysteine (Hcy) has attracted more and more attention in the medical field since it was found to be closely associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, kidney diseases, skeletal system diseases, and even mental illnesses. In recent years, the application of Hcy in patients with liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis has been taken more seriously by clinicians and researchers. This article reviews the recent research advances in the metabolic mechanism and pathophysiologic significance of Hcy in China and foreign countries and highlights the association of Hcy with liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis and its possible mechanism.

COVID-19 has been in epidemic for nearly two months. The prevention and control measures have achieved remarkable results. From the response and disposal process of this epidemic, it is exposed that fundamental disease prevention and control system are insufficient in human resources and ability of laboratory testing. It is suggested that the disease control institutions should strengthen the construction of these aspects in future.

【Objective】 To explore the correlation between serological screening of human T-lymphotropic virus antibodies (anti HTLV) and Western blot(WB) confirmatory tests among blood donors, so as to explore the infection status of HTLV Ⅰ/Ⅱ in Guangzhou. 【Methods】 The anti HTLV Ⅰ/Ⅱ enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit was used to screen voluntary blood donors from Guangzhou Blood Center from July 2016 to August 2022. WB was used to confirm 395 reactive blood samples by ELISA. The correlation between the S/CO values of anti HTLV Ⅰ/Ⅱ ELISA reagents and the confirmatory test was analyzed using ROC curves. 【Results】 The results showed that 25 out of 395 initially screened reactive blood donor samples were confirmed as HTLV positive by WB, while 16 were uncertain. ROC curve analysis showed a correlation between the S/CO values by ELISA and the confirmatory test results: the S/CO value at the highest Youden index was 3.789, which was the optimal threshold. The S/CO value had a certain correlation with the predicted positive rate of confirmatory results (P<0.05): the larger the S/CO value, the higher the predicted positive value. The overall prevalence of HTLV in Guangzhou is relatively low. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of HTLV among blood donors in Guangzhou is low.Since the false positive rate of HTLV Ⅰ/Ⅱ antibody by ELISA serological screening is high, the confirmatory testing is particularly important.

OBJECTIVETo analyze current stroke prevention measures for elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical records of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation treated in our hospital within the recent 5 years. The distribution of high risk factors for different age levels was studied, and the incidence of stroke and complications such as hemorrhage were compared between patients treated with warfarin and aspirin therapy.

RESULTSCompared with patients of 65 to 75 years old, the incidence of complications with other high risk factors was increased in advanced age group (over 75 years). Of these patients, 19.0% were treated with warfarin and 73.4% with aspirin. Compared with the aspirin group, stroke incidence was decreased significantly in warfarin group, which had simultaneously increased nonfatal hemorrhage.

CONCLUSIONWarfarin can be more effective than aspirin for stroke prevention in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation, but in clinical practice, the usage rate of warfarin still remains low with insufficient monitoring.

Aged ; Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Atrial Fibrillation ; complications ; drug therapy ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke ; complications ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome ; Warfarin ; therapeutic use

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Fuzitang （FZT） on the proliferation of MH7A cells， the human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts， and the expression of miR-155 and explore its anti-rheumatoid arthritis mechanism. MethodMH7A cells were cultured in vitro and divided into a blank group， high- （25 g·L^-1） and low-dose （12.5 g·L^-1） FZT groups， and a positive drug group （hydroxychloroquine， 0.006 25 g·L^-1）. The cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8（CCK-8） method， and the change in the MH7A cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of miR-155 and its downstream genes， including SH2 domain-containing inositol 5-phosphatase-1（SHIP-1）， protein kinase B 3（Akt3）， and mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR）， was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， and the protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）， Akt3， and mTOR was detected by Western blot. ResultFZT in vitro in a concentration of 6.25 g·L^-1 above could inhibit the proliferation of MH7A cells in the significant dose- and time-effect manner. Compared with the blank group， the FZT groups showed increased proportions of cells in the G₂/M phase （P<0.05）， and the high-dose FZT group showed a decreased proportion of cells in the G₀/G₁ phase （P<0.05）. The arresting effect of FZT on the cell cycle was in a significant dose-effect manner. Compared with the blank group， the FZT groups showed down-regulated miR-155 and mTOR mRNA expression （P<0.05）， and the high-dose FZT group showed up-regulated SHIP1 mRNA expression and down-regulated Akt3 mRNA expression （P<0.05）. Compared with the blank group， the FZT groups showed reduced protein expression of PI3K， Akt3， and mTOR （P<0.05）. ConclusionFZT can significantly inhibit the proliferation of MH7A cells， and the mechanism is related to the promotion of the expression of SHIP-1 and down-regulation of the gene expression of the PI3K/Akt3/mTOR signaling pathway by down-regulating the expression of miR-155.

【Objective】 To investigate the distribution of ABO and RhD blood groups among voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou, in order to ensure clinical blood safety and better serve blood donors. 【Methods】 Routine ABO and RhD blood group screening tests were carried out among voluntary blood donors from January 2021 to December 2022. The composition ratio of ABO blood group was statistically analyzed. The samples with discrepancy between forward and reverse blood grouping and negative RhD blood group samples were further verified by serological test to analyze the ABO subtypes and the reasons for missed detection. 【Results】 A total of 749 123 blood samples were screened from January 2021 to December 2022, and 513 291 samples were collected after excluding repeat blood donors, with the ABO blood groups as 208 126(40.55%) of O type, 138 859(27.05%) of A type, 130 987(25.52%) of B type and 35 319(6.88%) of AB type. The screening results showed discrepancy between forward and reverse blood grouping in 506 samples, of which 58 were with weak/non-erythrocyte reaction, 16 with erythrocyte reaction, 215 with weak/non-serum reaction, and 217 with serum reaction. Further serological test indicated that 44 samples were ABO subtypes, among which 13 were subtype A, 26 subtype B, 5 subtype AB and 3 B (A) and 14 Bombay-like blood group. The blood group with the highest missed detection rate in repeat blood donors were A3/B3 subtype (68.42%). A total of 128 unexpected antibody positive samples were detected among 513 291 samples A total of 2 277 samples were screened negative for RhD blood type, of which 2 188 were confirmed to be Rh negative (2 188/513 291, 0.43%), 89 were D variants (89/513 291, 0.02%, ) and 30 were detected with unexpected antibodies (30/2 188, 1.37%). 【Conclusion】 The ABO blood group distribution of blood donors in Guangzhou is O>A>B>AB, and the proportion of RhD negative population is 0.43%, slightly highter than 0.3%-0.4% of Han population nationwide. The ABO blood group subtype is dominated by B subtype. The detection rate and missed detection rate of A3/B3 subtypes in routine blood group tests are the highest.

【Objective】 To study the CD4 T cell epitopes in Core and NS3 protein of genotype 1(GT1) and 6(GT6) of hepatitis C virus(HCV). 【Methods】 A total of 298 overlapping peptides(16-mer) spanning Core and NS3 protein of GT1 and GT6 HCV were synthesized. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) from 17 HCV+ and 7 healthy blood donors were stimulated by peptide pools, followed by evaluating T cell response by IFN-γ ELISPOT, by which 21 peptides with positive results were found. These peptides were further applied to individually stimulate 20 HCV+ and 18 healthy PBMCs. The differences of responsive frequencies to the 21 positive peptides between the two study groups were compared. 【Results】 Pooled and individual peptide stimulation tests showed that HCV+ PBMCs were responsive to the stimulation of 5 peptides(GT1 NS31273-1288 and NS31315-1330; GT6 NS31033-1048, NS31087-1102 and NS31351-1366), with a responsive frequency ranging 18.9%-27.0%. In contrast, healthy PBMCs were not or low responsive(0%-4.0%) to these five peptides. The responsive frequencies were statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05). No reported epitopes in IEDB were found identical with these 5 peptides via sequence alignment. 【Conclusion】 Our study identified novel CD4 T cell epitopes in NS3 protein of GT1 and GT6 HCV, which has potential application value for the research and development of HCV vaccine.

【Objective】 HLA-DRB1 * 11:01, as a class HLA-Ⅱ gene, was reported to be associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV in Han and Li population. Our study was to investigate the effects of viral selection pressure and CD4+T cell epitope on the natural outcome of HCV infection in HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 positive infected patients. 【Methods】 The positive selection sites and population growth of E1E2 and NS3 genes of common HCV 6a in HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 positive and negative groups in Guangdong were respectively analyzed. The peptide library covering the conserved regions of common HCV genotypes was used to stimulate HCV spontaneous clearance group and chronic infection group using ELISPOT method. Reactive peptides were obtained according to the number of spot-forming cells per well and the frequency of occurrence in different groups. 【Results】 The positive selection sites (PSSs) of E1E2 and NS3 of common HCV 6a in HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 negative group were greater than those in HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 positive group. Furthermore, the number of PPSs in CD4+T cell peptide in HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 negative group were also greater than those in HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 positive group; Both groups of HCV 6a had a population growth in Guangdong, and the expansion trend of HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 negative group was significantly higher than that of HLA-DRB1 * 11 :01 positive group. Compared to HCV chronic infection group, the response rate of HCV spontaneous clearance group to five peptides (C-52 E2691-707, C-119 NS31545-1560, C-134 NS4A1669-1684, C-154 NS4B1912-1927, C-159 NS4B1929-1944) was higher. However, the HCV chronic infection group showed a higher response rate to two of the peptides(C-111 NS31497-1512, C-130 NS31650-1665). When HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 typing was considered, there was no significant difference in HCV-specific immune response generated by PBMCs between HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 positive and HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 negative groups. 【Conclusion】 This study revealed the relationship between viral selection pressure of HLA-DRB1 * 11:01 HCV infected persons and CD4+T cell antigen epitopes. At the same time, CD4+ T cell antigen epitopes of HCV pan-genotype were obtained, providing basic data for the development of T cell vaccine suitable for HCV pan-genotype.

OBJECTIVE:To review the current situation and the trend of development of drugs for chronic hepatic diseases,so as to provide the information for rational use of these drugs METHODS:By using the methods of sequences of total sales volumn and DDDs,the main drugs for chronic hepatic diseases used in 8 hospitals of Xinxiang during the period 2001～2003 were analysed RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The total sales volumn and DDDs of the liver-protective drugs always occupied the front row of drugs for chronic hepatic diseases,and the use of compound glycyrrihizin(Stronger Neo-Minophagen C) is rapidly increasing