Objective:To screen the best extraction process of four medicinal materials in Simiao Junyi ointment by analgesic ex-periments. Methods:The analgesic experiments were performed by the hot-plate test and writhing test in mice to select the best extrac-tion process of four medicinal materials in Simiao Junyi ointment. Results:According to the results of level consistency check, the data of hot-plate test in mice in different groups had no significant difference, and the pesticide effect of Simiao Junyi ointment prepared by different extraction process was similar. However, the data of writhing test had significant difference. The extraction process of the oint-ment with the best analgesic activity was as follows:pepper and rhizoma corydalis were extracted by SFE-CO2 , myrrha and pseudo-gin-seng was extracted by 95% and 50% ethanol, respectively. Conclusion: The optimal extraction process tested by analgesic experi-ments is scientific, reasonable and feasible, and suitable for the research and development of modern traditional Chinese medicine preparations.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,surgical indications and methods of children sylvian cistern arachnoid cysts complicated with subdural hematoma.Methods Fifty childhood cases of sylvian cistern arachnoid cyst complicated with subdural hematoma were retrospectively analyzed,who were all surgically treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from July 2005 to August 2015.Among them,20 childhood cases were subacute subdural hematoma,30 childhood cases were chronic subdural hematoma.All patients underwent microscopic cyst excision,cystocistern fenestration plus hematoma removal surgery.During the surgery,firstly we resected the cyst wall tissue as far as possible,and then we communicated the cyst with subarachnoid space and cisterns,which could make the cerebrospinal fluid flowed unobstructedly.Results The course of every operation was smooth,and there was no severe complication postoperatively.Original symptoms and imaging manifestation resolved or improved in all patients.During a mean follow-up period of 5.7 years,there were no recurrent cases.Conclusion Children sylvian cistern arachnoid cyst can induce subdural hematoma.In this situation,microscopic cyst excision,cystocistern fenestration plus hematoma removal surgery is safe and effective.

Objective:To prepare gACE polyclonal antibody for functional study of gACE.Methods:According to the bioinformatics analysis and prediction of the possible conformational structure,hydrophobicity and antigenicity of gACE and the principal for antibody production,a partial peptide with 18-amino acid residues of gACE was synthesized after homology search.The synthesized peptide was then used to immunize after coupling with KLH.The properties of anti-gACE were analyzed by ELISA,Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results:The antigenicity was repredicted by bioinformatics analysis.The polyclonal antibody against gACE was successfully obtained and its specificity and sensitivity we conformed by ELISA,Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Conclusion:By the bioinformatics analysis and prediction,the hydrophilicity and antigenicity of gACE are analyzed.The antibody of gACE is successfully obtained.

Objective To explore and conclude the influence factors of long-term outcomes of mitral valve repair for moderate and severe mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration.Methods To review the in-patient data and followup outcomes of 261 patients after mitral valve repair for moderate and severe mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration from Jan 1993 to Jan 2008 in Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University.Results There were 7 perioperative deaths and 254 survivors who obtained satisfactory perioperative outcomes.During the follow-up,24 patients were lost and 230 patients were followed up from 36 months to 174 months (77.3 ±30.3) months and follow-up rate was 90.6％.Multivariate Cox regression shows age ≥ 60 years old,left ventricular ejection fraction ＜ 0.50,undergoing combined coronary artery bypass grafting were the independent risk factors for long-term death after operations and left ventricular ejection fraction ＜ 0.50,New York Heart Association functional classification Ⅲ-Ⅳ,anterior leaflet prolapse were the independent risk factors for long-term recurrent moderate or severe mitral regurgitation after operations and prosthetic ring or band annulopasty was a protective factor.Conclusion The age ≥60 years old,left ventricular ejection fraction ＜ 0.50,undergoing combined coronary artery bypass grafting,New York Heart Association functional classification Ⅲ - Ⅳ,anterior leaflet prolapse,and prosthetic ring or band annulopasty were closely related with long-term adverse events after operations.

According to multicenter randomized controlled trials, laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer has the same short and long term clinical efficacy as traditional open surgery. In laparoscopic radical resection of right semicolon cancer, it is important to separate the embryonic plane of the root, and to ligate and cut off the central vascular roots. Only by separation along the membrane space can one achieve minimally invasive operation with no bleeding, and ensure the integrity of the excision of the mesangium and avoid damage of internal fascia and other organs. The mesangial distribution of the right semicolon is adjacent to the mesangium of the stomach and is connected to the mesentery of the small intestine. The pancreaticoduodenum locates between the right semicolon mesentery and the retroperitoneal subperitoneal fascia. In particular, the relationship between the anterior and posterior Treitz fascia of the pancreaticoduodenum and the Toldt space is complex, which is closely related to the feasibility of complete mesocolic excision(CME). This article introduces the distribution of intermembranous space and mesangial bed in the right semicolon, presenting the problem in CME surgery. In addition, there are key points in identifying the gap between the membranes based on the author’s experience and we propose a new evaluation criteria for membrane surgical specimens, which has certain guiding significance for radical CME surgery for right semicolon cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of cinobufacini on proliferation, celly cycle distribution, invasion capability of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line in vitro and possible mechanism. Methods: The effect of cinobufacini on cell growth was measured by CCK-8 reagent kit. Cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry. The invasion capability in vitro was detected by Transwell chamber assay. The mRNA expressions of cell cycle related factors (cyclin) and p21 were tested by RT-PCR. Results: Cinobufacini inhibited proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) was 0.31 mg/mL. The inhibitory effect was timE-dependent (P<0.05). Cinobufacini significantly decreased invasion capability of MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro compared with control group (P<0.05). Cinobufacini induced S-phase arrest of MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.000 1). Cinobufacini down-regulated the expression levels of cyclin A1, cyclin D1, and cyclin E1, while up-regulated that of p21 in MDA-MB-231 cell line. However, there was no marked change in the expression of cyclin B1. Conclusion: Cinobufacini inhibits cell proliferation and influences the cell cycle distribution in vitro by regulating the expression of cyclin A1, cyclin D1, cyclin E1 and p21 in breast can-cer cells.

Objective To explore the influencing factors for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy effects in elderly patients with breast cancer. Methods Five hundred and ninety female patients aged 65 years or older with invasive breast cancer were treated in our hospital, and the influencing factors for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy effects were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. Results Two hundred and thirty-one (39.2%) patients received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The results showed that diabetes, age, patterns of operation and pathological characteristics of tumor had significant influences on postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy effects (χ2=4.49,88. 27,23.49 and 9.40, all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, tumor size, lymph node status(pN) and estrogen receptor (ER) status were related to postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy effects(χ2=68.857,15. 284,43. 540 and 7.009 ,all P<0.01). Forty-four patients (66.7%) with pN(+)/ER(-) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions Age, tumor size, lymph node status and ER status were independent predictive factors for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy effects in elderly patients with breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) to predict the axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients and its clinical significance.

METHODSSeventy patients with clinical TNM status T(1 - 2)N(0)M(0) underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy using Tc-99m sulfur colloid radiotracer and gamma probe, which was followed by standard axillary dissection. SLNB was compared with standard axillary dissection for its ability to reflect the final pathological status of the axillary nodes. The SLNs that were tumor negative in conventional HE staining were further evaluated using immunohistochemical stains for CK8, CK19 and KP-1 antibodies.

RESULTSThe sentinel lymph node (SLN) was successfully identified in 67 (95.7%) out of 70 patients. The number of sentinel nodes harvested ranged from 1 to 5 (average 1.6). The nonsentinel nodes ranged from 5 to 20 (average 12.3). Of the 67 patients, 29 (43.3%) had histologically positive axillary lymph nodes. SLN was positive in 24 patients with metastasis (35.8%), and in 7 patients without metastasis (10.4%). In 5 patients, SLN was negative for tumor with positive nodes. The accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy to predict the axillary lymph node status was 92.5% and the false negative rate was 7.5%. For tumors with diameter less than or equal to 2 cm, the accuracy was 100%. 65 SLNs that were negative for HE stain were also non-reactive to immunostain for CK8 and CK19 antibody.

CONCLUSIONSSLNB can accurately predict the axillary lymph node status in most of breast cancer patients. The accuracy is about 100% in patients with T(1) lesions. Immunohistochemical staining at the same level of HE stain can not increase the detection of lymph node micrometastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

Objective:To observe the protective effect of deproteinized extract of calf blood (DECB)on the ethanol-induced liver injury of the mice,and to preliminaryly discuss its mechanism. Methods:Sixty healthy ICR mice were divided into control group,model group,positive drug group,low,medium and high doses of DECB groups (n=10).By intragastric administration,the mice in control group were given 20 mL·kg-1 saline solution, the mice in low,medium and high doses of DECB groups were administrated with 0.125,0.250,0.500 g·kg -1 DECB,and the mice in positive drug group were administrated with 0.63 g·kg -1 Hugan Tablets;once a day for 30 d. 1 h after the last administration,except control group,the mice in other groups were administrated with one-time grant of 50% ethanol 14 mL·kg -1 ,and fasted for 16 h to establish the models of acute alcohol liver injury.The endurance alcohol time and drunk time of the mice were determined,the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (ALT)and alanine transaminase (AST)activity in serum of the mice were detected,the levels of triglyceride (TG),glutathione (GSH)and malonic dialdehyde (MDA)in liver tissue were determined,and the pathological changes of liver tissue were detected.Results:Compared with model group,the drunk symptoms of the mice in different doses of DECB groups were obviously reduced,the endurance time of the mice in high dose of DECB group and positive drug group was prolonged (P <0.05),and the drinking time was shortened (P <0.05);the ALT and AST activities in serum in mediun and high doses of DECB groups were significantly lower than those in model group (P <0.05).Compared with model group,the MDA and TG levels in liver tissue of the mice in medium and high doses of DECB groups and positive drug group were obviously reduced,and the GSH levels were increased (P <0.05);compared with model group,the pathological damages of liver tissue of the mice in high dose of DECB group caused by ethanol were significantly reduced.Conclusion:DECB can improve ethanol-induced liver injury which may be related to the inhibition of hepatic oxidative stress response.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of ginsenoside CK combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. METHODS:PANC-1 cells of logarithmic growth phase were randomly divided into blank control group,ginsenoside CK group (30 mg/L),5-FU group (25 mg/L)and combination group(ginsenoside CK 30 mg/L+5-FU 25 mg/L). MTT method was used to detect the cell proliferation in-hibition rate in each group after 24,48,72 h;flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis rate after 48 h;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the fibronectin expression in cells after 24,48,72,96 h;and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of vimentin,N-cadherin,E-cadherin,protein kinase(Akt)and phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt)protein in cells after 48 h. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,the cell proliferation inhibition rate,early and late apoptotic rates,pro-tein expression level of E-cadherin in ginsenoside CK group,5-FU group and combination group were obviously increased (P<0.05),while the protein expression levels of fibronectin,vimentin,N-cadherin,and p-Akt/Akt levels were obviously decreased (P<0.05);the effects of above-mentioned indexes in combination group were superior to ginsenoside CK group and 5-FU group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both ginsenoside CK and 5-FU can inhibit the proliferation of PANC-1 cells,induce their apoptosis and inhibit EMT,which may be associated with inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. In addition,the combination of ginsenoside CK and 5-FU can produce a better effect.