Objective To analyze the correlation between the metal components and MRI signal intensities of gallstones, to investigate the causes of gallstone signal features on MRI. Methods The MRI data and the metal components of the gallstones in vivo and in vitro of 30 patients were retrospectively analyzed. The MR sequences, namely 3D fast spoiled gradient-echo with fat saturation T1-weighted imaging (3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI), fast spoiled gradient-echo with fat saturation T1-weighted imaging(FSPGR-FS T1WI), fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition(FIESTA)and fast spin-echo T2-weighted imaging with fat saturation(FSE-FS T2WI), were performed on the gallstones in vivo and in vitro. According to the characteristics of the surface and cross section, gallstones were divided into pigment gallstones( n=16) and cholesterol gallstones(n=14). The MR signal characteristics of the gallstones were observed and the signal intensity rates of the gallstones were calculated. Preoperatively, the signal intensity rates of cholesterol and pigment stones of each MR sequence were compared by using t test and Mann-Whiteney U test. Postoperatively,the signal intensity rates of the fresh,dried and re-soaked gallstones were compared by using paired t test and Wilcoxon test. The correlation between the signal intensity rates of gallstones on the 3D-FSPGR-FS sequence and their metal components was analyzed by using Linear Regression analysis. Results The pigment gallstones showed high signal intensity on the 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI. The signal intensity rates of the pigment gallstones were higher than the rates of the cholesterol gallstones on the 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI, which were 2.02 ± 0.53 and 0.51 ± 0.24 (t=10.26,P< 0.01), respectively. On the 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI, the signal intensity rates of the drying pigment stones were significantly lower than the rates of the fresh ones, the rates of the two states of the pigment gallstones were 0.21±0.06 and 1.42±0.35(t=13.49,P<0.01),respectively. The signal intensity rates of pigment gallstones showed significant rebound after re-soaking, the rates of the two states of the pigment gallstones were 0.21±0.06 and 1.68±0.86(t=-6.63,P<0.01),respectively. The metal components of pigment gallstones were significantly higher than the cholesterol stones. In the pigment gallstones and cholesterol gallstones, the medians of the Calcium were 28.186 and 2.347 mg/g(Z =-4.66,P< 0.01),respectively.For pigment gallstones, there was a significant correlation between the calcium and the signal intensity rate on 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI. The regression equation of linear regression analysis was SI=65.40 logCa-166.67. Conclusions The pigment gallstones containing much more water and metal showed high signal intensity on 3D-FSPGR-FS T1WI. The Calcium in the pigment gallstones may be the main cause for this MR appearance.

Hantavirus is the main cause of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). It is an acute infectious diseases characterized by fever, hemorrhage, nephritis or thrombocytopenia, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome(HPS). The main clinical manifestations are fever, hemorrhagic lesion, acute respiratory distress and capillary leakeage syndrome. These are four different serotypes of the hantavirus species: Hantan virus(HTNV),Seoul virus(SEOV),Dobrava/Belgrade virus(DOBV),and Puumala virus(PUUV). They are known to cause HFRS, while Sin Nombre virus(SNV) causes HPS. In China, these are two serotypes of hantavirus: HTNV and SEOV found. The severity of infection depends on the viral serotype. To find a safe, rapid and specific serotyping diagnosis of the causative virus is important. The results not only can be beneficial for rodent control, but also for prevention and therapy. The current research of Hantavirus nucleocapsid protein used as serotyping antigen are summarized.

Objective To assess the effect of polygonum peffoliatum L on the expression of Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelia growth factor (VEGF) in hepatic fibrosis rats induced by Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) . Methods Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into six groups, after the model of HF rat induced by DMN and intervened by different concentrations of Polygonum perfoliatum L. Conventional flaking of liver and HE were used to observed histopathological change. Immunohistochemstry was used to detect HIF-1αand VEGF in hepatic tissues of hepatic fibrosis rats. Results The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in hepatic fibrosis rats of the high dose of Polygonum perfoliatum L from (-) to (3 +) were one , nine, one, zero and one, eight, two, zero, respectively. The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in hepatic fibrosis rats of the middle dose of Polygonum perfoliatum L from (-) to (3 +)were one , seven, two, zero and one, six, three, zero, respectively. Compared with the model group, the high and middle dose of Polygonum perfoliatum L can reduce the expression of HIF-1 oand VEGF in hepatic fibrosis rats (P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusions Polygonum peffoliatum L has a good curative effect of anti hepatic fibrosis. Its therapeutic mechanism mainly maybe due to adjust the metabolism of extracellular matrix by decreasing HIF-1 αand VEGF expression.

Objective To establish and observe the canine model with esophageal stent implantation for further study of the benign stenosis caused by proliferation.Methods According to orthogonal design,different combinations of two stents and six polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) patches were confirmed.Stent was designed as cylinder with mushroom shape on both ends.Beagle dogs (weight 10-12 kg) were adopted and cervical segment of esophagus were dissected.After PTFE patch was encircled around the esophagus,stent was delivered under fluoroscopy.The main body of the stent was located in accordance with the patch.Eating condition and position of the stent were followed on week 1,2,4,6 and 8.Gross specimen was harvested at the end point,and the degree of tissue hyperplasia was evaluated.Each animal model was given a mark according to the eating condition and tissue hyperplasia.Results Eight combinations of stent and patch were provided with orthogonal design.Three models failed for the following reasons:unable to eat in one dog,stent disgorged out in another,and the third died from esophageal necrosis between stent and patch.Four models had obvious tissue hyperplasia on the segment of stent,and weight loss or stent dislocation were observed in each model.One model developed appropriate tissue hyperplasia with normal diet,and stent dislocation was not found during the follow-up.Significant difference was confirmed among 8 models (F =14.7000,P =0.031).Conclusion Animal model with appropriate tissue hyperplasia could be established with following elements:beagle dogs weight from 10 kg to 12 kg; stent 50 mm in length,20 mm in diameter,with top mushroom 10 mm in length,30 mm in diameter,and end mushroom 10 mm in length,25 mm in diameter; PTFE patch 60 mm in length,15 mm in width.

Objective To research on reversal mechanism of active ingredients of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control group, LPS group, rhein group, berberine group, baicalin group and dexamethasone group.8 mice in each group.Control group were injected intraperitoneally with 0.9%NaCl 0.5 mL, and the remaining groups were injected intraperitoneally with LPS 0.1 mL/g.The mice of rhein group, berberine group, baicalin group and dexamethasone group were respectively injected intraperitoneally rhein, berberine, baicalin ( 0.1 mL/g ) and dexamethasone ( 0.0001 mL/g ) 2 h before LPS injection.One day after LPS treatment, mice were decapitated and blood collected, diagnostic kits and automatic biochemical analyzer were used to detected urea nitrogen and creatinine.TNF-αand IL-6 concentrations in serum were detected by ELISA kit.HE staining and immunohistochemistry were performed in the kidney tissues.expression of apoptosis protein detected by Western blot.ResuIts Compared to control group, the blood urea nitrogen, serum creatnine, TNF-αand IL-6 level were significantly lower ( P<0.05 ) .HE staining found the renal tubular epithelial cell which treated with LPS were swelling, degeneration, loss, narrow lumen and tube type and exudate, renal interstitial edema, inflammatory cells infiltration.And symptoms of the other group were significantly slight.Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of Bax and Caspase3 in LPS group was obviously increased, while the expression of the others group was decreased, neither did Bcl-2.Western blot results showed that apoptosis proteins Bax, Cleave-caspase3, CytoC expression increased of LPS group, while the other groups were lower than LPS group.But Bcl-2 expression reduced in LPS group and increased in others group.ConcIusion The effective constituent of Sanhuang Xiexin Decoction can reversal of LPS induced acute kidney injury and its mechanism of action is similar to that of dexamethason.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of miR-199a on bladder cancer.Methods T24 bladder cancer cells were divided into control group, pre-scamble group and pre-miR-199a group according to different treatment.Cell proliferation was assayed by MTT, cell apoptosis and cell cycle by flow cytometry, and cell invasion by Transwell.ResuIts The OD value of pre-miR-199a group (0.436 ±0.042) was significantly lower than that of control group (0.634 ±0.020) and pre-scamble group (0.601 ±0.059)(P<0.05).Cell apoptosis of pre-miR-199a group(19.25 ±1.57)% was higher than that of control group(10.19 ±0.98)% and pre-scamble group(12.27 ±1.38)%(P<0.05).The cell ratio in G1 phase of control group、pre-scamble group and pre-miR-199a group was 45.09%, 47.57%, and 58.62%, respectively.The cell cycle arrested in G1 phase after transfected with pre-miR-199a.The cells migration number of pre-miR-199a group (46.00 ±1.58) was lower than those of control group(67.00 ±1.58) and pre-scamble group(61.20 ±1.30)(P<0.05).ConcIusion MiR-199a could inhibit the growth of bladder cancer cells.

Objective:To study the different effect of fused gene IL-2/Fc administrated at different time on immune responses induced by HBV preS_2S genetic vaccine.Methods:BALB/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant plasmids at 0, 2, 4 weeks. Two groups were designed. One group were injected with pcDNA3.1S_2S at first, then pcDNA3.1IL-2/Fc was administrated after three days. While the other group were injected two plasmids at the same time. We compared the immune responses through detecting the anti-HBs titers, CTL cytotoxicity level, proliferation of lymphocytes and cytokines levels secreted by cultural splenocytes.Results:The data demonstrated that the humoral and cellular immune responses induced by pcDNA3.1IL-2/Fc as adjuvant and administrated after HBV preS_2S DNA vaccine 3 days mice were dominant higher than other groups.Conclusion:Genetic adjuvant administrated after Ag priming can enhance its effect.

Objective To introduce the clinical application of BHP9504 fluorescent analytic instrument.Methods The chemical immunofluorescent test was used in high-precision,high-stability photo-signal test by photon counting technology.Results Photo-signal test could examine strong photo-signals in dark background so that it was able to improve sensitivity of experiments.Conclusion This technique widens the range of application and reduces specimen amount.

Objectives：To observe the effect of eukaryotic expression vectors coding IL-2 and IL-12 on immune responses induced by DNA immunization of HBV surface antigen（pCR3.1-S）in BABL/c(H-2d) and the protection against P815 mastocytoma cells stable expressing HBV surface antigen in mice after immunized with HBV gene vaccine.Methods：The immunization was performed by intramuscular injection,three weeks later,we directly inoculated P815-HBV-S into mice by subcutaneous injection .Tumor growth was measured every five days.Anti-HBs in serum was detected by ELISA and HBsAg specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) activity was measured by 51 Chromium release assay.Results：Eight weeks after immunization,the A value of mice serum in 450 nm and CTLs activity of mice codiog IL-2 and IL-12 eukaryotic expression vectors were significant higher(P<0.05) than that of mice intramuscular injected HBV-S DNA vaccine,these values are significant higher than that of mice injected pCR3.1(P<0.05).The spleen cells CTLs activity have decreased obviously after treated with anti-CD8+ monoclonal antibody and have no significant change after treated with anti-CD4+ monoclonal antibody.The HBV-S gene vaccine could evidently inhibit the tumor growth,prolong the survival period (>38.2 days) and improve the survival rate in mice.Conclusions：The DNA vaccine of HBV ( pCR3.1-S) had strong antigenicity in cellular and humoral immunity and had marked killing effect on HBV infected cells in vivo，which could be promoted by vector coding murine IL-2 or IL-12.CTLs activity was performed by CD8+ cells.

The coding region of S genome segment of Hantaan virus (76/118 strain) was inserted into the eukarytic expression plasmidpVR1012. The recombinant expression plasmid pVRS22 was constructed. Vero-E6 cells were transiently transfected in vitro with pVRS22 plasmid. The transient expression of Hantaan virus nucleocapsid proteins in Vero-E6 cells was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with monoclonal antibody 5H5 against Hantaan virus.