1.Optical coherence tomography technology for neural and brain imaging
Guangying GUAN ; Chunhui LI ; Hui SHI
International Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2008;31(6):342-347
Neural and brain imaging has become one of the most challenging subjects and attracted more attentions. Neural and brain imaging can quantify morphological pattern, structure and function of brain and nerve system, which offers us not only a deeper understanding of brain and nerve system, but also improved effectiveness of clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a new imaging technique and has been widely used in areas of biology and medicine. Study on OCT technique applying to neural and brain imaging has drawn special attention and rapid developments have been achieved. The technique provides new ideas and methods to solve problems in neural and brain imaging and its potential needs to be discovered. This article re-views the latest techniques and development in OCT for neural and brain imaging. Advantages and disadvantages of the technique and foreground of the development are discussed.
2.To assess the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for diagnosis and difteretial diagonis of prostatic cancer
Hao SHI ; Guangying ZHANG ; Zhenzhen YANG ; Hongyu DING
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics 2001;0(03):-
Objective To assess the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Methods Six volunteers, 32 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 13 patients with biopsy-proven prostatic cancer underwent MR imaging. Dynamic MR with Gd-DTPA (gadolinium-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid) bolus enhancement was performed followed by post-contrast T 1-weighed imaging. The signal intensive value in dynamic MRI was measured and calculated to draw the time-signal intensity curve of normal peripheral zone, prostatic cancer and benign hyperplasia. Results In dynamic MRI, the normal peripheral zone were enhanced mildly and slowly. The lesion enhancement of benign prostatic hyperplasia in 32 patients were obvious in early phase (60 s) and strengthened gradually, and then went to decrease in late phase (240 s) after peak value. The lesions in 9 of 13 cases with prostate cancer were enhanced obviously in early phase (60 s) and washed out rapidly in late phase, and the peak value was located on early phase. Conclusions In dynamic MRI, the enhancement of normal peripheral zone, prostate cancer and benign hyperplasia were different significantly. Dynamic MRI was very useful in the diagnosis and differentiation of prostate cance.
3.Comparisons of two chemoradiotherapy regimens for locally advanced non-squamous and non-small cell lung cancer
Lihua LIU ; Guangying ZHU ; Anhui SHI ; Jianhao GENG
Practical Oncology Journal 2014;(5):420-425
[Abstrct] Objective To compare the short -term tumor response and adverse events of two chemoradio-therapy regimens for locally advanced non -squamous non-small cell lung cancer .Methods From March 2009 to January 2013 ,we recruited 42 patients with stage ⅢNSCLC who had received three -dimensional intensity -modulated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy .group A treated with radiotherapy combined pemetrexed plus cisplatin and group B treated with radiotherapy combined docetaxel plus cisplatin .We compared the short -term tumor response and adverse events between the two regimens .Results There were 28 cases in group A and 14 cases in group B .There were no significant differences between the two groups in hematologic toxicities ,such as leukopenia,neutropenia,anemia and thrombocytopenia.In non-hematologic toxicities,radiation pneumonitis and cough were no significances respectively (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other non -he-matologic toxicities,such as liver dysfunction,renal dysfunction,fever,dyspnea,radiation esophagitis,hypody-namia,weight loss,gastrointestinal reactions and skin reactions .The response rate displayed no differences be-tween two groups .Conclusion This study reveals Pemetrexed plus cisplatin group had less non -hematologic toxicities than Docetaxel plus cisplatin group in locally advanced non -squamous non -small cell lung cancer . But there are no differences in the short -term tumor response between the two regimens .
4.Comparative study of high-frequency ultrasonography and MRI in diagnosis of medial patellofemoral ligament injury after acute lateral traumatic patellar dislocation
Guangying ZHANG ; Lei ZHENG ; Hao SHI ; Suhui QU ; Li LI ; Hongyu DING
Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography 2012;(12):1060-1063
Objective To compare high-frequency ultrasonography and MRI in diagnosis of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury after acute lateral traumatic patellar dislocation(LTPD).Methods According to surgical data of 35 patients with acute LTPD,the incidence and sites of MPFL injury were analyzed.Further,based on high frequency ultrasonography and MRI data,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of high-frequency ultrasonography and MRI in different MPFL injuries were analyzed and compared.Results Among 35 patients,there were 21 cases with complete MPFL tear and 14 cases with partial MPFL tear.Tear of MPFL at the femoral attachment in 19 cases,at the patellar attachment in 15 cases,and at the mid-substance in 1 case.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of high-frequency ultrasonography diagnosis were 78.6%,95.2%,88.6% respectively on partial MPFL tear and 95.2%,78.6 %,88.6 % respectively on complete MPFL tear.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of MRI diagnosis were 85.7%,90.5%,88.6% respectively on partial MPFL tear and 90.5%,85.7%,88.6% respectively on complete MPFL tear.There were no significant difference between high-frequency ultrasonography and MRI in diagnosis of partial and complete MPFL injury (x2 =0.243,0.267; P =0.622,0.599).Conclusions MPFL formoral attachment is most vulnerable to damage,followed by patellar attachment.High-frequency ultrasonography,as well as MRI,can be used clearly to diagnose MPFL injury and accurately classify the damage,and it is also an easy,reliable,rapid method,which can be applied routinely to diagnose MPFL injury after actue LTPD.
5.Prediction of GTV/LV for radiation pneumonitis in patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer after radical radiotherapy
Hongmei LIN ; Anhui SHI ; Xin SUI ; Rong YU ; Huiming YU ; Huimin MA ; Guangying ZHU
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2016;36(4):272-277
Objective To analyze relevant clinical and dosimetric factors associated with radiation pneumonitis in patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer after they received radical radiotherapy.Methods A total of 126 patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer who received precision radiotherapy in Peking University Cancer Hospital were analyzed from January 2013 to December 2014.Data were collected including various clinical factors (including sex,age,histological type,tumor location,history of diabetes,history of hypertension,history of smoking,the season patients received treatment,ECOG performance status before treatment,chemotherapy before radiotherapy,concurrent chemotherapy and the classification of radiation pneumonitis),as well as related dosimetric parameters [including GTV,lung volume (LV),bilateral V5,V10,V20,V30 and MLD].SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the relation between correlation factors and radiation pneumonitis (RP≥2).Results Among the patients,31 cases (24.6%) had occurrance of radiation pneumonitis ≥ 2.Univariate analysis showed that age,ECOG performance status before treatment,concurrent chemotherapy and GTV/LV ratio were significantly correlated with RP ≥ 2 (R =0.157-0.222,P < 0.05).Further multivariate Logistic regression showed that age,concurrent chemotherapy and GTV/LV ratio were significantly correlated (Wald =4.754,6.422,14.79,P < 0.05).Conclusions In patients with stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer after receiving thoracic radical radiotherapy,increasing age and GTV/LV ratio≥3.2% are risk factors of RP≥2.The concurrent chemotherapy with low-dose paclitaxel might also increase the risk of RP≥2.
6.Changes in T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis after treatment with different doses of ursodeoxycholic acid
Guangying SHI ; Xiaoyuan MA ; Jingdong XIE
Journal of Clinical Hepatology 2015;31(9):1447-1451
ObjectiveTo investigate the immunological improvement effects of different doses of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on patients with different stages of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and enhance the understanding of the roles of the immune system in the disease, and to provide evidence for the standardized clinical treatment of PBC. MethodsOne hundred and eighty patients with PBC who were admitted to our hospital from March 2012 to Janurary 2014 were enrolled and equally divided into three classes according to the stage of PBC: early stage, cirrhotic stage, and poor biochemical response stage. Patients in each class were equally divided into three groups according to the dose of UDCA: 8-10, 13-15, and 20-25 mg·kg-1·d-1. The general information, clinical symptoms, biochemical indices, and changes in T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines in peripheral blood after the treatment with different doses of UDCA were analyzed. Comparison of continuous data was performed by t test, and comparison of categorical data was performed by χ2 test. ResultsIn patients with early-stage PBC who were treated with 13-15 mg·kg-1·d-1 UDCA, the percentage of CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and expression of interferon-gamma were significantly reduced after treatment (54.8%±11.6% vs 34.7%±7.7 %, t=6.5, P<0.05; 2.3±1.0 vs 1.6±0.6, t=2.7, P<0.05; 33.0±12.3 vs 23.7±7.2 ng/L, t=2.9, P<0.05), while the secretion of interleukin-4 was significantly increased after treatment (29.0±4.6 vs 38.5±7.1 ng/L, t=5.0, P<0.05). ConclusionThe UDCA with a dose of 13-15 mg·kg-1·d-1 can substantially improve the immune status in patients with early-stage PBC. The application of UDCA should be standardized in order to achieve the desired response.
8. The effects of the humble leadership on voice behavior of nursing staff
Guangying SHI ; Jiao LIU ; Hongjuan WEI ; Yuechen LUO ; Guangyu LUO
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing 2018;34(19):1502-1505
Objective:
To explore the effects and mechanism of humble leadership on organizational trust and voice behavior of nursing staff.
Methods:
A total of 249 questionnaires were collected with a questionnaire survey, the effective response rate was 91.54%. The structural equation model was used to test the relationship between variables.
Results:
The humble leadership had a significantly positive influence on the organizational trust (
9.Neurofeedback technique based on mismatched negativity in improvement of cognitive function
Guangying PEI ; Shujie WANG ; Zhongyan SHI ; Tiantian LIU ; Ruoshui YANG ; Guoxin GUO ; Jinglong WU ; Tianyi YAN
Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine 2020;19(4):330-336
Objective:To explore effective schemes for improving cognitive function in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) by EEG neurofeedback (NF) technique.Methods:Ten SCD patients recruited in Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from April 2019 to August 2019, were chosen in our study; all patients were subjected to neuro-regulation of mismatched negativity (MMN) for 5 times in 2 weeks by EEG NF technique. By using the midlines of frontal zone (Fz), central zone (Cz) and peak zone (Pz) as training electrodes, auditory tones (1000 Hz as standard stimulus, individual hearing discrimination threshold as deviation stimulus) were used to induce MMN characteristics of event-related potential (ERP) via Oddball paradigm. SCD patients received visual disc stimulation feedback with dynamic neural signal activity. ERP waveforms and standard MMN characteristics (amplitude and latency) before and after training were used to evaluate the changes in neural activity of these patients; nine N-Back working memory tasks (three types×three gradients) and hearing discrimination ability tests were used in these patients to evaluate the improvement of cognitive competence.Results:ERP analysis showed that the MMN waveforms in SCD patients after training were obviously different as compared with those before training; their standard stimulus and deviant stimulus in the point-by-point paired t-test analysis were significant different ( P<0.05). The MMN amplitudes at the Fz, Cz and Pz electrodes in these patients after training were significantly higher than those before training ( P<0.05). The accuracy of auditory tone 3-Back task in SCD patients was statistically significant before and after training ( P<0.05). Conclusion:NF based on MMN can significantly improve the MMN amplitude and accuracy of auditory working memory task in patients with SCD, which might provide a potentially effective cognitive intervention method for patients with early AD and the elderly with normal memory decline.
10.Patterns of failure after targeted therapy and importance of combined radiotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Yajuan WU ; Jun ZHAO ; Leilei JIANG ; Anhui SHI ; Jing YOU ; Guangying ZHU
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2019;39(2):113-120
Objective To analyze clinical significance of failure patterns and combined radiotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer after EGFR-TKIs treatment.Methods A total of 111 patients who were treated with EGFR-TKIs for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR exon mutation in Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2009 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.The impact of various failure patterns and combined radiotherapy on survial were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier method.Results Totally 111 patients were enrolled in the study.The median follow-up was 27.7 months (6.6-85.3 months).The median age,median PFS andmedian OS were 59 years (35-80 years old),10.3 months (6.2-30.5 months),and 29.8 months (7.1-90.7 months),respectively.The main failure mode was the progress of the original lesion (65 cases,58.6%) and the main failure site was the progress of intrathoracic lesions (57 cases,51.4%).The survival time of patients with oligoprogress (1-3 lesions during drug resistance) was significantly extended compared with the ones whose lesions were ≥ 4.The median OS were 32.5 months and 26.7 months,respectively (x2 =4.888,P<0.05).For 43 patients with only intrathoracic progressed,there were 9 patients treated with radiotherapy and 34 patients treated without radiotherapy.The median PFS was 9.6 and 5.7 months,respectively.The median PFS of combined radiotherapy group was significantly prolonged (x2 =9.013,P<0.05).And the median OS of retreatment after failure were 28.1 and 13.2 months,respectively,with no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05).For 48 patients with oligo-progress,there were 12 patients treated with radiotherapy and 36 patients treated without radiotherapy.The median PFS were 9.6 and 4.2 months,respectively.The median PFS of the group treated with combined radiotherapy was significantly longer than that of the group without combined radiotherapy treatment (x2 =5.482,P<0.05).And the median OS of retreatment after failure were 26.0 and 11.8 months,respectively.There was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Combined local radiotherapy can improve the PFS of patients who had only intrathoracic progress or oligo-progress after EGFR-TKIs treatment.Therefore,the patients whose T790 M mutation indicates negative or who are not in the position to perform coressoponding detection under the intrathoracic/oligo progress stage.The local intervention plays a very critical role for patients who have primary drug restisitance to GEN 1 EGFR-TKIs.