Object To study the suitable conditions for the pac king of volatile oil in Rukang Capsule, which will inhibit the loss of volatile oil. Methods With the packing rate as index, even design method wa s applied to investigate the optimal packing conditions. Results The optimal packing conditions were found to be: volatile oil volume (mL)-cy c lodextrin (g)=1∶6, the packing process should be carried out for 120 min under 40 ℃. Conclusion The repetition rate is very good in the repeti tion experiments.

Objective To analyze the effect of nimodipine on prevention and treatment of patients with severe burn sepsis. MethodsTwenty-eight cases were randomized into nimodipine treatment group (n = 14) and routine group (n = 14). Besides general chnical therapy scheme treatment,the treatment group was administrated with saline plus nimodipine (15 μg/(kg · h)), while the routine group was given saline only. The Plasma concentration levels of total calcium (Ca2 +), free calcium (iCa2 +), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), tunmor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), brain natriuretic petide (BNP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. The hemodynamic indices of patients with severely burn sepsis were determined by transesophageal echo-Doppler device,hemodynamic indices including aortic blood flow (ABF), left ventricle ejection time (LVET), max acceleration (ACC), total systemic vascular resistance (TSVR). Mean artery pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured. ResultsABF, ACC, LVET and TSVR were improved after therapy in the routine group(t = 3.93,3. 37,3.75,7.02) (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05). ABF, ACC, LVET and TSVR were mproved after therapy in the treatment group (t =6.46,4.98,6.29,4.60) (P ＜0.01 or 0.05). ABF, ACC and LVET were increased after general clinical therapy scheme and was markedly increased in the treatment group (t = 2.29,2.07,2.23)(P＜0.01～0.05).TSVR was decreased after general clinical therapy scheme and was markedly decreased in the treatment group (t =2.14) (P＜0.05). Plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP levels were decreased after therapy in the routine group (t =2.38,2.29,2.45)(P＜0.01 or 0.05). Plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP levels were decreased after therapy in the treatment group (t =4.04,4.04,2.56)(P ＜0.01or 0.05). Plasma PCT and BNP levels were decreased in the treatment group (t =5.45,2. 44) (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05). TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, PCT and BNP were decreased after generalclinical therapy scheme and was markedly decreased in the treatment group (t = 2.20,2.17,2.19,2.17,2.61) (P ＜0.01 or 0.05). Plasma Ca2+ and iCa2+ levels were decreased. However,MAP were increased in the two groups, although no difference was found between the two group(P ＞0.05). ConclusionsEarly applying of calcium channel blockers (CCB) can markedly inhibit the degree of inflammatory medium in serum, thereby preventing the development of excessive inflammation response and subsequent multiple organ dysfunction syndrome associated with severely burned sepsis. It can effectively inhibit intracellular Ca2+ overload caused by myocadial infection injury,which may contribute to the effect of acupuncture in reducing myocardial injury and protecting myocardial performance and improving prognosis.

To observe the acupuncture treatment of 38 patients with menopausal syndrome. The main acupoints were Fengchi (GB 20), Taiyang (Ex-HN 5), Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC 6), Qihai (CV 6),Yanglingquan (GB 34), Taichong (LR 3) and Taixi (KI 3). The adjunct acupoints were added under differentiation. After one to three therapeutic courses clinical recovery occurred in 26 cases, effectiveness in 10 cases, and ineffectiveness in 2 cases.

Objective]To assess the effects and mechanism of triptolide(TPL)on cardiac remodeling in chronic heart failure (CHF)rats.[Methods]Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight:Control group,isoprenaline(Iso)group,TPL group(Iso+TPL)and captopril group(Iso+Cap). CHF rat model was induced by Iso. In TPL and Cap group,TPL(20μg/kg·d)and Cap(15 mg/kg·d)were administrated to CHF rats for six weeks. Left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole(LVIDd)and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (LVIDs)were detected. Histopathological changes of myocardial tissues of rats were evaluated byMasson staining and immunohistochemical staining of type Ⅰcollagen. Ventricular weight/body weight ratio(VW/BW), collagen volume fraction(CVF),perivascular collagen volume area(PVCA)of myocardial tissues were calculated. With real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot,the protein and mRNA levels of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN)were detected.[Results]Compared to the Iso group,the levels of LVIDs,LVIDd,VW/BW,CVF and PVCA reduced in TPL and Cap group. TPL and Cap can alleviate the myocardial fibrosis in CHF rats. The expression of PTEN protein and mRNA increased markedly in the TPL or Cap treated group.[Conclusion]TPL can attenuate cardiac remodeling in Iso-induced CHF rats. The potential mechanism may be highly associated with the up-regulating of PTEN signaling pathway.

Objective To measure the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters of KK /Upj-Ay/J.Methods KK/Upj-Ay/J mice at five and ten weeks of age were selected , and the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters were observed .Results Parts of the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters of different ages and sexes were significant differences .The fasted blood glucose of KK/Upj-Ay/J mice reached 7.0mmol/L at 10 weeks of age .Conclusion The results show that the organ weights , blood physiological and biochemical parameters are affected by age and gender of KK /Upj-Ay/J mice.The fasted blood glucose reached the diabetes level at 10 weeks of age .

Objective To investigate the feasibility of a rat carotid atherosclerosis model induced by artery clamping with high-cholesterol diet and vitamin D3.Methods Twenty Wista rats were randomly divided into either a general diet group (n =5) or a high cholesterol diet group (n =15).After clamping the right common carotid arteries of the rats in the high cholesterol diet group,they were fed with high fat diet,and vitamin D3 (600 000 IU/kg) was injected intraperitoneally.The lipid levels of the general diet group and the high cholesterol diet group were detected at 6 and 12 weeks respectively.The bilateral cormmon carotid arteries were selected for preparing paraffin sections and were stained with HE staining.The pathological changes in blood vessels were observed.Results The levels of serum total cholesterol at 12 weeks (2.803 ± 1.307 mmol/L vs.1.513 ±0.281 mmol/L; P=0.017) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.660± 0.260 mmol/L vs.0.311 ±0.078 mmol/L; P =0.003) in the high-cholesterol diet group were significantly higher than those at 6 weeks.The histopathological examination showed that the common carotid artery intimas on the clamping sides were incomplete,the foam cell deposition was observed under intima,the atherosclerotic plaques or fibrous plaques were observed on the surface of cavity,inside the plaques contained necrotic tissue,and thrombosis was observed in the cavity.The common carotid artery intima-media thickness in the general diet group (n =5) at 12 weeks was 8.3 ± 1.1 μm.The sham-operated sides (n =20) and clamping sides (n =20) were 8.8 ± 0.7 μm and 97.4 ±25.7 μm,respectively.There were significant differences among the three groups (F =116.313,P=0.000).The clamping sides in the high-cholesterol diet group were significantly higher than the shamoperated sides in the high-cholesterol diet group (P=0.000) and the general diet group (P =0.000).Conclusions Common carotid artery clamping with high-cholesterol diet and vitamin D3 is a simple and feasible method for inducing a rat carotid atherosclerosis model.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced CT scan with split bolus for the ureleropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO) caused by aberrant vessel of kidney.Methods 52 patients with UPJO underwent contrast-enhanced CT scan with split bolus.The aberrant vessels and its origin as well as the relationship between aberrant vessels and UPJO were observed comparatively with the results of surgery.Results In 52 cases,CT showed UPJO caused by aberrant vessl of kidney in 14 cases,including accessory renal arteries in 10,ovarian artery originated from left renal artery in one,right accessory renal artery in one and gonad veins in 2.CT findings were corresponded to operations in all these 14 cases.The sensitivity and specificity of CT in evaluating UPJO were 100% respectively.Conclusion The UPJO caused by aberrant vessel of kidney can be diagnosed accurately by contrast-enhanced CT scan with split bolus,which can be offered for surgical treatment for UPJO.The patient's CT dose can be decreased with split bolus.

Objective:To implement an intervention with community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people through a new science promotion approach, and to evaluate changes in the level of bone health awareness.Methods:From April 2017 to June 2017, 200 community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly people aged 50 years and over were randomly included.They were divided into the intervention group receiving a new science promotion intervention(n=100, with 50 males and 50 females)and the control group(n=100, with 50 males and 50 females). Baseline and follow-up assessments of bone health awareness were performed before and after the one-year intervention.A questionnaire survey on preferences for different types of science promotion articles in WeChat accounts was conducted.Differences in scores for intervention effects before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Potential influencing factors for the scale score were examined by a multi-factor analysis.Results:After one year of intervention, scores for intervention effects were higher in the intervention group than in the control group( P<0.001). In the intervention group, scores were higher after intervention than before intervention( P<0.001). In the control group, scores after follow-up were slightly higher than those at baseline(29.4±11.4 vs.27.9±10.1, P<0.001). The increase in scores before and after intervention was greater in the intervention group than in the control group( P<0.001). Baseline score, group designation, history of drinking and diabetes impacted the scores in middle-aged and elderly women, while other factors did not.Most middle-aged and older people preferred texts illustrated with pictures, and older people were more receptive to videos. Conclusions:The new science promotion method is beneficial to bone health management, can improve bone health awareness in middle-aged and elderly people.

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors are a milestone in the treatment of lung cancer. There are many kinds of immune checkpoints, which are closely related to the efficacy and drug resis-tance of immunotherapy, including programmed death-1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR), T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), etc. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been approved by China National Medical Products Administration and U. S. Food and Drug Administration for the first-line treatment of lung cancer, which can improve overall survival and progression-free survival of patients. The double immunotherapies of CTLA-4 inhibitors or TIGIT inhibitors combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors also achieve good results, however, more serious adverse events may occur.The KIR and TIM-3 targets are closely related to the drug resistance of immunotherapy.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.Methods:PubMed, Embase, Cochrance Library, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang Databases were searched.Search strategy was subject word combined with random word.The case control and cohort studies involving the influencing factors for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture from January 2000 to November 2020 were retrieved.PPCs included pneumonia, aspiration pneumonitis, pulmonary infections, respiratory failure, atelectasis and pleural effusion, etc.The quality of literatures was assessed by using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, data were extracted and analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 software.Results:A total of 18 studies were finally enrolled, including 15 case control studies and 3 cohort studies.The results of analysis showed that the advanced age, male, history of smoking, low body mass index, history of cerebrovascular accident, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of diabetes, preoperative albumin concentration<35 g/L, preoperative hemoglobin concentration<120 g/L, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification≥Ⅲ, operation delay≥48 h and general anesthesia were the risk factors for PPCs ( P<0.05). Conclusions:There are numerous risk factors for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, and advanced age, male, history of smoking, low body mass index, history of cerebrovascular accident, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of diabetes, preoperative albumin concentration<35 g/L, preoperative hemoglobin concentration<120 g/L, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification≥Ⅲ, operation delay≥48 h and general anesthesia are the risk factors for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.