Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) shows unique advantages in the field of adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer. The main mechanism of TCM in improving gastric cancer includes regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, reversing cell resistance, reducing the ability of invasion and metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, regulating immune function, inhibiting neovascularization, regulating autophagy exosome, and ferroptosis.

Objective To detect the expression of pan-neuronal marker protein gene product ( PGP)9.5 and its clinicopathologic significance in breast cancer .Methods The expression of PGP9.5 was examined by immunohistochemistry EnVision method in 196 cases during 2007 to 2011, including 20 normal tissues, 14 cases of fibroadenoma , 18 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ ( DCIS) and 144 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.The relationship between PGP9.5 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of IDC was assessed.Results PGP9.5 expression was localized in the stroma of all normal breast tissues, but there was no expression observed in all fibroadenomas and DCIS.Overall, the expression rate of PGP9.5 in IDC was 61.8%(89/144).PGP9.5 expression increased from grade 1 tumors (29.4%, 10/34) to grade 2-3 tumors (71.8%, 79/110; P=0.000).In addition, patients with less than 3 years disease-free survival tended to show higher PGP9.5 expression (64.8%, 35/54), compared to patients with equal to and/or more than 3 years disease-free survival (46.7%, 42/90;P=0.035).However, there was no correlation between PGP 9.5 expression and tumor size , tumor stage , lymph metastasis , hormone receptor expression.Conclusion PGP9.5 expression is correlated with tumor grade and prognosis in IDC of the breast.

This paper summarized the clinical experience of Professor XIE Jingri in treating bile reflux gastritis from the perspective of “disease of both wood and earth”. It is believed that the pathogenesis of bile reflux gastritis is the disharmony of liver and spleen， gallbladder and stomach， which belongs to the disease of both wood and earth. The treatment principle of harmonizing wood and earth is advocated. Clinically， bile reflux gastritis is divided into five patterns including liver constraint and spleen deficiency， liver fire harassing stomach， gallbladder and stomach obstruction， damp-heat in the gallbladder， and stomach yin depletion， for which Shugan Lipi Decoction （疏肝理脾汤） can be used to soothe the liver and move qi， fortify the spleen and activate spleen， Lianyu Qinggan Decoction （连萸清肝汤） to clear the liver and drain fire， harmonize stomach and stanch bleeding， Tongfu Paishi Decoction （通腑排石汤） to unblock and discharge gallbladder， harmonize stomach and direct counterflow qi downward， Qingdan Huazhuo Decoction （清胆化浊汤） to clear and drain damp-heat， promote gallbladder function and stanch bleeding， and Yiwei Decoction （益胃汤） to enrich and nourish stomach yin， clear and discharge deficiency-fire. When the clinical pattern is complex， multiple patterns occur simultaneously， or the disease involves multiple zang fu （脏腑） organs， the liver and the spleen should be regulated simultaneously， and the gallbladder and the stomach treated together， with self-designed Shumu Tiaotu Decoction （疏木调土汤） recommended as a basic prescription with flexibl modification based on the symptoms.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of pan-neuronal marker protein gene product (PGP)9.5 and its clinicopathologic significance in breast cancer.

METHODSThe expression of PGP9.5 was examined by immunohistochemistry EnVision method in 196 cases during 2007 to 2011, including 20 normal tissues, 14 cases of fibroadenoma, 18 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 144 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The relationship between PGP9.5 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of IDC was assessed.

RESULTSPGP9.5 expression was localized in the stroma of all normal breast tissues, but there was no expression observed in all fibroadenomas and DCIS. Overall, the expression rate of PGP9.5 in IDC was 61.8% (89/144). PGP9.5 expression increased from grade 1 tumors (29.4%, 10/34) to grade 2-3 tumors (71.8%, 79/110; P = 0.000). In addition, patients with less than 3 years disease-free survival tended to show higher PGP9.5 expression (64.8%, 35/54), compared to patients with equal to and/or more than 3 years disease-free survival (46.7%, 42/90; P = 0.035). However, there was no correlation between PGP9.5 expression and tumor size, tumor stage, lymph metastasis, hormone receptor expression.

CONCLUSIONPGP9.5 expression is correlated with tumor grade and prognosis in IDC of the breast.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase ; metabolism

Variation of maternal gut microbiota may increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in offspring. Animal studies have indicated that maternal gut microbiota is related to neurodevelopmental abnormalities in mouse offspring, while it is unclear whether there is a correlation between gut microbiota of ASD children and their mothers. We examined the relationships between gut microbiome profiles of ASD children and those of their mothers, and evaluated the clinical discriminatory power of discovered bacterial biomarkers. Gut microbiome was profiled and evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in stool samples of 59 mother-child pairs of ASD children and 30 matched mother-child pairs of healthy children. Significant differences were observed in the gut microbiome composition between ASD and healthy children in our Chinese cohort. Several unique bacterial biomarkers, such as Alcaligenaceae and Acinetobacter, were identified. Mothers of ASD children had more Proteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Moraxellaceae, and Acinetobacter than mothers of healthy children. There was a clear correlation between gut microbiome profiles of children and their mothers; however, children with ASD still had unique bacterial biomarkers, such as Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridium. Candidate biomarkers discovered in this study had remarkable discriminatory power. The identified patterns of mother-child gut microbiome profiles may be important for assessing risks during the early stage and planning of personalized treatment and prevention of ASD via microbiota modulation.
Adult ; Animals ; Autism Spectrum Disorder ; microbiology ; Bacteria ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biomarkers ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mothers ; Risk Assessment