BACKGROUND: An epidemic outbreak of poliomyelitis occurred in Pizhou City, Jangsu Province, 15 years ago. It is important to appraise the daily living and function of those survived children.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the physical status of the survived children and propose appropriate suggestions on rehabilitation.DESIGN: Case-based cross-sectional study based on patients.SETTING: Department of Rehabilitative Medicine of First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 545 patients with poliomyelitis sequela, which was onset in 1989, were found in Qizhou, and 333 of them were randomly selected from the local"New Hope" nursing house and its surrounding areas.All patients were assayed in one week.METHODS: The survey included 333 polio victims in the nursing house or from the surrounding areas. The study was conducted by five research groups, with two physiatrists and one therapist in each group. Assessment included muscle strength, joint rang of motion, limb deformities, activities of daily living, previous surgical interventions and orthosis. The distance was measured from the anterior superior iliac to medial malleolus and from nave to the medial malleolus, respectively. Anatomic length and functional length were also measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Major outcomes included the forms,shapes, or functions of foot, pelvic, hip, knee and ankle joints.RESULTS: According to intention-to-treat analyses, 333 patients with poliomyelitis sequela entered the final analysis. Most of them aged from 15 to 17 years old, which accounted for 97%. Totally 135 patients(40.5% )walked independently and 148 (44.4%) walked with-orthsis and/or crutches. The discrepancy was between 0. 5 cm to 13.0 cm. Patients with paraplegia were 112(33.6% ), which was lesser than those with monoplegia (211, 65.8% ). There were 3 cases with quadriplegia and 2 cases with upper limb involvement. Another 46 sufferers had already underwent the scoliosis prthomorphia. There were 254 subjects with orthosis, including 110 knee ankle feet orthosis for both legs and 131 knee ankle feet orthosis for one leg,with 62 at left and 79 at right. Only three ankle-foot orthosis were employed.CONCLUSION: Besides the factor of muscle strength, limb teratism is the key factor that causes walking disorders. Physical functions maybe improved through surgical intervention, orthosis modification, and rehabilitation training. Every child who received survey required further rehabilitative therapy. A multi-disciplinary team is essential to achieve a better outcome.

Objective To construct a recombinant Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bb)vaccine[Bb (pGEX-Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3)] of Schistosomajaponicum (Sj) and analyze the expression of the fusion gene Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3 of Sj in Bb.Methods The recombinant plasmid pGEX-Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3 was electroporated into Bb to construct a recombinant Bb (pGEX-Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3) vaccine.Mter induction with isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG),double restriction enzymes digestion and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to identify the recombinant Bb (pGEX-Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3),expression of the recombinant protein was analyzed and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfonate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting.Results The recombinant plasmid pGEX-Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3 was successfully transformed into Bb identified by double restriction enzymes digestion and PCR.SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the relative molecular mass of the expressed recombinant protein was approximately 67 × 103.The expressed protein could be recognized by the immune sera from rabbits infected with Sj by Western blotting.Conclusions The recombinant Bb (pGEX-Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3) vaccine of Sj is successfully constructed.The fusion gene Sj26GST-Sj14-3-3 can be expressed in recombinant Bb and the expressed target protein shows specific antigenicity.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of the timed up and go test (TUGT) and the maximum walking speed test (MWST) in evaluating stroke patients' motor function.Methods Twenty-two stroke patients were assessed using the TUGT and MWST,and the temporal-spatial parameters of their gait were also assessed.The correlations among the TUGT times,walking speed and the gait parameters were quantified using Pearson correlation coefficients.Results The TUGT time was (18.57±7.41) s,significantly correlated with step length and velocity (P＜0.05).Walking speed showed a significant positive correlation with step length,velocity and step length (P＜ 0.05).The TUGT times were negatively correlated with walking speed (r=-0.712,P=0.000).Conclusion The MWST and TUGT both can assess stroke patients' motor function effectively.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of muscle energy technique combined with joint mobilization on frozen shoulder.Methods Thirty-six patients with frozen shoulder were randomly assigned to:group A (treated with muscle energy technique plus joint mobilization),group B (treated with passive stretching with joint mobilization),and group C (treated with joint mobilization merely),and each had 12 patients.All the patients were treated accordingly for 3 times a week,totally for 4 weeks.The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons evaluation system (ASES) was adopted to evaluate clinical effects before and at the end of treatment.Results After 4 weeks of treatment,all patients' ASES scores were improved significantly (P ＜ 0.05).The improvement in the shoulder score index and shoulder range of motion were to a significantly better extent in group A than in the other two groups.Conclusion Muscle energy technique plus joint mobilization could effectively relieve pain increase the shoulder ROM and improve performance in activities of daily living in patients suffering from frozen shoulder.

Objective To explore the effect of bio-resonance on walking efficiency in healthy youths. Methods Ten young male participants were involved in this study (age 16 ± 2 years, height 1.73 ±:0. 1 m and weight 56. 1 ± 7 kg). The time-space data were collected using a motion analysis system, and oxygen cost was meas-ured with a Cosmed K4b2 portable gas analysis system. Walking at a self-selected, comfortable walking frequency was recorded through three dimensional gait analysis. Each participant walked at 100% , 80% and 120% of their comfortable walking frequency. Results The average 100% , 80% and 120% comfortable walking frequencies were 107.60 ± 1.78, 85.80 ± 7.45 and 128.60 ±10.46 steps/min, respectively. Oxygen consumption at the three frequencies was significantly different (P≤0.01), and the oxygen costs were 0. 140 ± 0.011, 0. 193 ± 0. 049 and 0. 192 ± 0. 035 ml/m/kg, respectively. Above or below the self-selected pace, oxygen cost increased significantly (P ≤0.05). Conclusion There is an inherited bio-resonance in human walking, and walking with this natural rhythm is reflected in the lowest oxygen cost. Any change from the natural walking rhythm may result in increased en-ergy expenditure and decreased efficiency.

BACKGROUND:The majority of studies focus on the lesions of spinal cord injury, while little evidence is available on the change of morphology and structure of distal nerve, muscle and motor endplates fol owing spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the time window change of the morphology of motor neurons and skeletal muscles caudal to the lesion after spinal cord injury in rats.
METHODS:Fifty healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group (n=5;without treatment), sham operation group (n=10), and spinal cord injury group (n=35). The sham operated rats only received laminectomy. In the spinal cord injury group, rats were subject to complete T 10 spinal cord injury by total laminectomy and cord transverse resection. Then the morphological change including sciatic nerve, motor endplate and median gastrocnemius was observed for each group at 1, 2, 4, 12, 24 weeks after injury.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The myelin sheath layers of sciatic nerve were separated partial y at 4 weeks in rats with spinal cord injury, the myelin sheaths were fragmented with the regeneration of thin-myelinated and unmyelinated axons at 12 weeks. There was a decrease in myelinated axons and an increase in thin-myelinated and unmyelinated axons at 24 weeks. (2) The synaptic gutters of motor endplate, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membrane and synaptic space were distinct at 4 weeks in rats with spinal cord injury, the degenerated motor endplates coexsisted with the intact ones at 12 weeks. The motor endplate disappeared at 24 weeks. (3) There was a slight decrease in muscle cross-sectional area at 2 weeks in rats with spinal cord injury, but no structural change was found, the membrane of myocytes was partial y weakened at 4 weeks, the border of myocytes was obscure with hyperplasia of connective tissue at 12 weeks, and myocytes gathered and in fusion at 24 weeks. As natural history of completely transected spinal cord injury in rats, there were significant changes in morphology of peripheral nerve, motor endplate and skeletal muscles caudal to the lesion at 12 weeks, and the changes were destructive at 24 weeks.

Objective To explore the resonant frequencies of human spinal motor neurons.Methods Twenty healthy college students were recruited as the subjects.Each was put in a supine position and administered vibratory stimulation at 20 Hz,30 Hz,40 Hz,50 Hz and 60 Hz on the left distal fibula just above the lateral malleolus for 5 minutes.M-waves and F-waves were recorded before each intervention.F-waves were also recorded immediately after each intervention.Results The F-wave amplitude and the F/Mmax ratio after the 30 Hz stimulation were significantly larger than those at baseline and after stimulation at 50 or 60 Hz.However,20 Hz,30 Hz and 40 Hz stimulation produced no significantly different F-wave amplitudes or F/Mmax.Conclusion Human spinal motor neurons may have a resonant frequency around 30 Hz.

Immediate breast reconstruction with pedicle great omentum metasasis is safe,easy to perform, and has extensive clinical indications, less postoperative complications. The shape of reconstructed breast is plump and symmetrical, which is the optimal choice for reconstruction surgery with small and medium-sized breast at present. The surgical methods and effects of breast reconstruction with pedicle great omentum metastasis in 5 patients are reported in this article. Combined with the previous literature, the feasibility and safety of surgery is discussed, which provide a reference to clinicians.

Objective In the present study we used real-time quantitative RT-PCR to measure the relative expression levels of CGRP,CRLR,RDC-1,RAMP1-3 in periaqueductal gray(PAG)of intact rats. Methods With ?-actin as an endogenous control,write down the C T value and calculate the relative amount of every sample against its endogenous control. Results The results showed the specific amplification of CGRP,CRLR,RAMP1-2 in PAG of rats.Furthermore,the expression of CGRP and RAMP1 is the highest,that of CRLR is higher and the RAMP2 is low;whereas no band is detected in RDC-1 and RAMP3. Conclusion These findings suggest the specific expression of CGRP,CRLR,RAMP1 and RAMP2 mRNA and indicate their functional role in the modulation in PAG of intact rats.

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of Cyclin D1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells processed by epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) and it's significance, and revealed the anti-tumor mechanism of EGCG against nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: CNE-2 cells were treated by EGCG at different concentrations, the morphological changes of CNE-2 cells were observed by inverted microscope; the inhibition ratio of cell proliferation was detected by MTT colorimetric method, flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes of cell cycle. The expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. RESULT: After treated by EGCG, the CNE2 cells decreased in amount and density, some of which became roll and small; Floating and dead cells can be seen in the inverted microscopy; cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in a time and dose dependent (P < 0.05). CNE-2 cells were arrested at G1/G0 phase. The expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA was down-regulated by EGCG with concentration and action time dependent (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION EGCG resisted nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting the cell proliferation, The down regulation of Cyclin D1 mRNA expression in a time and dose dependent may be the possible mechanisms.
Carcinoma ; Catechin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology