Objective: To design a new type of maintenance learning machine of ventilator for teaching and experiment combined with electronic technology course of higher vocational education. Methods: ACM804 ventilator was chosen as prototype machine and the electronic technology course of higher vocational education was chosen as theory basis. The designs of internal circuit and gas circuit of prototype machine were improved, besides, some test points and failure points were designed for teaching in classroom. Results: This machine not only could realize all functions of prototype machine, but also could carry forward test teaching and contribute students to maintain common failure in accordance with course content. Conclusion: Through the design of teaching experiment and using of learning machine, the new machine has achieved better teaching effect for students to grasp machine theory and operate actual circuit.

[Objective]To evaluate the results of arthroscopic capsular release for the treatment of idiopathic frozen shoulder.[Method]From January 2004 to April 2005,7 patients with diagnosis of idiopathic frozea shoulder,who had symptoms for an average of 8.0 months(5 to 13months)with failed conservative treatment for at least 4 months,were treated with arthroscopic capsular release combined with rehabilitaticon exercises after operation.Under general anesthesia,all the patients underwent arthroscopic capsular release and manipulation.All patients were strictly evaluated by Constant score,normalized Constant score and the Visual Analog Scale(VAS 1 to 15 points,1 = no pain),before operation,at 3 weeks after operation,3 months after operation and 17.2 months after operation respectively.[Result]All patients were followed up with a mean of 17.2 months(8 to 23 months).The average in-hospital day was 8.1 days(7 to 10 days).All patients had significant improvement in terms of functional gain and pain relief after operntion.The preoperative pain score improved from(5.2?2.4)points to(11.2?2.0),(14.6?0.4)and(14.7?0.4)points at 3 weeks after operation,3 months after operation end 17.2 months after operation respectively.The Constant score improved from(24.5?14.2)to(47.0?18.8),(68.9?9.4)and(70.1?7.9),and the normalized Constant score improvad from(31.0%?17.3%)to(60.1%?24.9%),(87.1%?14.5%)and(89.7%?12.1%).There was no complication in the treatment procedures.[Conclusion]Arthrosenpic capsular release is a safe and effective surgical procedure in the management of idiopathic frozen shoulder unresponsive to conservative treatment.It has advantages of little invasive,better recovery,less operation time and less complications.

BACKGROUND: Rapid development of tissue engineering is the new hope of repairing bone defect so as to obtain complete bone regeneration,and rapid proliferation of seed cells is one of the important factors in it.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plated at different cell density during subculturing period.DESIGN: Repetitive measurement.PARTICIPANTS: The experiment was conducted in the Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Laboratory of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between January 2003 and March 2004. MSCs were obtained from iliac bone bone marrow of the 5 healthy male volunteers by separation and proliferation.METHODS: The MSCs of second generation were inoculated at 8×103/cm2,3×103/cm2, and 8×102/cm2, respectively, and then the growth curve was drawn and analyzed. After 18 days of proliferation and culture, the increased amount of MSCs was recorded to analyze the post-proliferation growth curve and osteogenic ability.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Growth curve of cells plated at different cell density; ②Results of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) staining and immunohistochemical staining of osteocalcin.RESULTS: Human MSCs from bone marrow were CD34 negative and expressed low level of ALP. Population doubling time was 40 hours after MSCs were plated at 8×103/cm2 and the number of the cells was expanded (51±13) times after 18 days. MSCs were expanded (28±6) times 18 days after plated at 3×103/cm2. While plated at 8×102/cm2, the number of the cells was only expanded (5±3) times. Proliferative ability of cells cultured at a low density was stronger that that at a high density. MSCs could be induced to differentiate into the osteocytic lineages after plated at not only 8×103/cm2 but also 8×102/cm2.CONCLUSION: Cell density plays an evident role in the proliferation of MSCs. Cell density of 8×103/cm2 is proper to the rapid proliferation of MSCs as seed cells in bone tissue engineering.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effect of combined portoazygous devascularization and shunt on portal hypertension. MethodsThe data of 56 cases of portal hypertension treated with portoazygous devascularization and shunt from April 1987 to April 1999 was summarized. ResultsThere was no death in 54 patients receiving selective operation;of 2 cases receiving emergency operation, one died. Among 49 followed-up cases, there was one rebleeding,2 hepatic encephalopathy, and one died of liver failure 4 years after opeation. The mean portal pressure before and after operation was(3.42±0.46) kPa and (2.50±0.35) kPa, respectively. ConclusionCombined portoazygons devascularization and shunt not only decreases portal pressure but preserve hepatic blood flow to some extent.

Objective To compare the effect of video-assisted minithoracotomy(VAMT)and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods 98 patiens with spontaneous pneumothorax allocated to VAMT or VATS were selected.The operation time,blood loss during operation,score of postoperative pain,time of postoperative drainage,postoperative hospital stay,surgery cost,rate of complication and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results All patients were cured.The operation time,postoperative hospital stay and surgery cost were significantly different between VAMT and VATS groups(all P ＜0.05).The parameters of two groups were similar in score of postoperative pain,time of post-operative drainage,blood loss during operation,rate of complication and recurrence(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion VAMT was as effective as VATS,but the operation time,postoperative hospital stay and surgery cost was significantly better than VATS.

Objective To investigate 13 high-risk types of HPV (HR HPV) infection rates in women with different grades of cervical lesions.Methods A total of 350 women, who were hospitalized in the department of gynecology in Bao′an Maternity & Child health hospital, were enrolled for the study.TCT technology was used to evaluate the cervical epithelium.The group were divided according to the cytology results.Multiplex real time PCR (mRT PCR) was used to detect the viral loads.HR HPV infection rate of different groups were analyzed using χ2 test or Fisher exact test.HR HPV viral loads of patients in different grades of cervical lesion groups were compared using Kruskal-Wallis or Wilcoxon test, and the age distribution of HR HPV positive group and negative group was analyzed by using Wilcoxon test.Results The HR HPV infection rates of NILM, ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL were 3.4% (10/295), 20.0% (7/35), 78.6% (11/14) and 100.0% (6/6), respectively.HR HPV positivity in NILM was lower than ASCUS (χ2=14.43,P<0.01) and LSIL (χ2=107.69,P<0.01), HR HPV positivity in ASCUS was lower than LSIL (χ2=14.76,P<0.01). The median of HR HPV viral loads in NILM, ASCUS, LSIL and HSIL were 4.10 (3.38-6.27), 5.33 (3.63-6.66), 5.77 (4.01-7.01) and 5.58 (4.19-5.85) respectively (copies/ml,lg).Combined ASCUS, LSIL and HSIL groups into cervical lesion group, HR HPV viral load of which was higher than that of NILM (U=43.0, P<0.05).The median Ages of HR HPV positive group and negative group were 36 and 33, respectively.No statistical significance was found between them (U=4 544, P>0.05).Conclusions The present study revealed that HR HPV infection was related to cervical lesion, but there was no correlation between viral load and cervical lesion grade. In additional, no difference in age distribution was found between HR HPV positive group and negative group.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreas divisum(PD) associated with recurrent acute pancreatitis(RAP) in children and teenagers. Methods Data of patients with symptomatic PD associated with RAP under 18 years old who were diagnosed and treated with ERCP from January 2011 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with complete pancreas divisum underwent endoscopic minor sphincterotomy combined with dorsal duct stenting ( ESCS ) , and those with incomplete pancreas divisum underwent bi?papilla endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with dorsal duct stenting ( Bi?ESCS ) . ERCP?related data, complications were recorded. Long?term follow?up was conducted for procedure related complications. Results Nine patients with symptomatic PD associated with RAP were firstly diagnosed. A total of 18 ERCP procedures were performed in these patients, with success rate of 100. 0% ( 18/18) in the minor papilla cannulation, and mild ERCP?related complication rate of 11. 1% ( 2/18) . One was acute mild pancreatitis and the other was hyperamylasemia. During follow?up from 3 to 60 months, all patients had pain relief, among whom 7 were asymptomatic, with no onset of acute pancreatitis. Dorsal ducts of all patients were not obviously dilated in MRCP or CT scan. All patients gained weight and presented normal physical and intelligence development. Conclusion Symptomatic PD associated with RAP can be completely diagnosed with ERCP . ESCS and Bi?ESCS are safe and effective endoscopic treatment techniques for pediatric cases.

Objective To explore the clinical feature of severe enterovirus 71 (EV71) associated hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD),and genotype of EV71.Methods Fluorescent quantitation PCR was done for detecting EV71.RT-PCR was performed to amplify VP1 for sequencing and identifying genotype.A retrospective analysis was performed based on the clinical data of 15 cases with severe EV71 infection.Results EV71 nucleotide was positive in all 15 cases.The genotype of EV71 was C4.All cases had abnormal temperature and followed with nervous symptoms in the early stage.Average time was 1.26 days from onset to severe complications appearance.Eleven cases progressed to neurogenic pulmonary edema.Four cases accepted nasal continuous positive airway pressure.Eleven cases accepted oral trachea cannula mechanical ventilation.Except for 3 cases died,one case abandoned,others 11 cases were cured.Conclusion The isolated strains of EV71 in this study are all C4 genotype.All cases with severe EV71 infection were followed with nervous symptoms in the early stage,most of whom would progress to neurogenic pulmonary edema.The mortality would be cut down by using mechanical ventilation in early stage.

[Objective]To explore the application and value of Confucius'"Daoyi"(Tao-skill)educational thought in Medical Ancient Texts course.[Methods]This paper uses the research method of philology,studies the ancient and modern related books of"Daoyi"thought combines the experience of teaching reform of Medical Ancient Texts course,puts forward a new classification of teaching objectives,applied in Medical Ancient Texts course,and summarizes the application value.[Results]"Daoyi"thought materializes into four-level teaching objectives:"Yi,Ren,De and Dao"(skill,kind,morality and Tao).In Medical Ancient Texts course,the Yi objective is to master the reading skills starting from Chinese characters;the Ren objective is to cultivate social personality of loving people;the De objective is to cultivate the inner personality of morality and self-cultivation;and the Dao objective is to establish the thinking of exploring medical path.Using traditional learning methods can help to improve the reading ability of ancient books and establish traditional Chinese medicine philosophical thinking.[Conclusion]"Daoyi"thought combines skills,ideology and high-level teaching objectives,establishes philosophical thinking of seeking Dao.So it is worth further application and research.

BACKGROUNDTo establish a SAH hydrolase antiviral screening in vitro model for screening of broad spectrum antiviral agents.

METHODSSAH hydrolase was purified from rat livers by (NH4) 2SO4 fractionation, DEAE52,hydroxyapatite and Sephadex G-100 chromatography successively. The activity of SAH hydrolase was estimated by radio labeled substrate in synthesis direction by TLC.

RESULTSPurified SAH hydrolase showed a single band in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis with silver nitrate staining, the apparent molecular weight is 45 000. The Km for adenosine is (6.32 +- 0.17) micromol/L. The IC50 of S-DNPA, a known inhibitor of SAH hydrolase, was 7.6 micromol/L estimated in our system. The structure and activity relationships shown by racemic and regiosomer analogs of S-DHPA indicated that the structural specificity of SAH hydrolase was high. 42 compounds had been screened in the system and no compound showed more inhibitory activity against SAH hydrolase than S-DNPA.

CONCLUSIONSAn in vitro antiviral screening model has been established using SAH hydrolase. It can also be used to study kinetics of enzyme inhibition.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Adenosylhomocysteinase ; Animals ; Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Female ; Hydrolases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Liver ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar