Objective To provide theoretical reference for clinical therapy of pulmonary adenocarcinoma by evaluating the effects of polysaccharides and pioglitazone on mouse model of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and to explore the relationship between inflammation and pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods One hundred mice were averagely divided into five groups, including control group, model group, polysaccharides group, pioglitazone group, polysaccharides and pioglitazone group (unite group). Polysaccharides solution (500 mg/kg) was given to polysaccharides group, pioglitazone solution (15 mg/kg) was given to pioglitazone group, polysaccharides solution (500 mg/kg) and pioglitazone solution (15 mg/kg) were given to unite group;and the equal volume of saline (10 mL/kg) was given to control and model group (1 t/d, 5 d/w, continuously 20 w ). The pulmonary adenocarcinoma induced by urethane was evaluated in each group at different time points. The levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were measured in each group at the 12th week and the 20th week respectively. Results The body weights were increased in the control group, which were decreased in other groups during urethane-injection, but increased continuously after the injection. At the 20th week, nodules were found in lung surfaces in all mice except mice of control group. The lung index was higher in all mice except mice of control group. The levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6 were significantly higher at 12th week and 20th in model group, polysaccharides group, pioglitazone group, polysaccha?rides and pioglitazone group than those of control group. The levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1βand IL-6 were significantly lower in polysaccharides group, pioglitazone group, polysaccharides and pioglitazone group than those of model group. Con?clusion Sustained inflammatory response is one of the risk factors for the development of lung adenocarcinoma. Polysaccha?rides and pioglitazone can reduce the level of inflammation in mouse lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting that both of them can be used as potential adjuvant in the clinical treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVEDiffuse panbronchiolitis, a distinct clinical entity of unknown etiology, has been reported originally and primarily in Japanese and rarely in non-Japanese populations. Macrolide therapy is effective for this once dismal disease. Diffuse panbronchiolitis complicated with thymoma is uncommon; only 2 cases have been reported to date. The aims of this study were to describe the clinical profiles, assess the response to macrolide therapy, and to discuss the possible pathogenesis of diffuse panbronchiolitis in this setting.

METHODSThe clinical profiles, macrolide therapy response of diffuse panbronchiolitis complicated with encapsulated thymoma in 2 histologically confirmed cases were described and discussed with the 2 cases reported in the literature: one complicated with encapsulated thymoma, another with invasive thymoma.

RESULTSOf the 2 cases, both had negative PPD skin testing and abnormal serum levels of various immunoglobulins, 1 had positive anti-nuclear antibody, but none had elevated cold hemagglutinin titers, and both had an excellent response to macrolide therapy. Of the 2 cases reported in the literature, both had negative PPD or tuberculin skin testing, 1 had severe hypogammaglobulinemia, 1 had elevated IgA, 1 had positive anti-DNA, 1 had elevated cold hemagglutinin titers, but both died of respiratory failure in spite of macrolide therapy in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONSPrognosis for diffuse panbronchiolitis complicated with thymoma may depend on the nature of the thymoma and on the disease course. Macrolide therapy is also effective if administered early in the disease course and if the thymoma is cured. Immunological factors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diffuse panbronchiolitis in this setting.

Adult ; Bronchiolitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Thymoma ; complications ; Thymus Neoplasms ; complications