Nutrition studies of saturation/excursion dives were made in a hyper-baric chamber. Seven divers were investigated during a period of 26-day N2-O2 saturation dive to 36.5m with excursion to 60-75m using only air. Daily intake of food was surveyed by regular weighing method. The caloric and nutrient intakes were calculated from Chinese food composition tables. Urine samples were collected for estimation of vitamin B1, B2, 4-pyridoxic acid, ascorbic acid and also nitrogen. During the dive they lost the appe- tite for meat and oil, instead they preferred vegetables, fruits and beverages. Thus energy, protein and lipid decreased and a weight loss was observed. The urinary excretion of certain vitamins was reduced, especially marked with thiamine. Accordingly a suggestion on the allowance of certain nutrients was proposed.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the teaching quality of pharmaceutical standard training. METHODS: By introducing the overview of adopting elicitation teaching in the pharmaceutical standard training in Beijing,the training effect was summarized and role and significance were studied. RESULTS:Supervisors applied five teaching modules in the elicitation teaching in the pharmaceu-tical standard training which are concluded“pharmaceutical education and rational use of medicine”“comments of prescription and rational use of medicine”“prescription transfers and rational use of medicine”“medicine counseling and rational use of medicine”“pharmaceutically communication and rational use of drugs medicine”,the result showed that participants had mastered more than 90%of what they had learned;with 92.5%of participants felt elicitation teaching could help improve students’interests in pharma-cy,and strengthen responsibility;80.0% of the participants believed that part of the modules strengthen the training of clinical think-ing;the training of satisfaction to 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The elicitation teaching mode can not only improve the teaching quality in pharmaceutical standard training,but also strengthen communication and feedback between teachers and students,students and students to make students more deeply understand and master knowledge and improve teaching quality.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS:Medication error(ME)cases report-ed from outpatient department from Oct. 2014 to Sept. 2015 in our hospital were analyzed,including ME category,classification, cause and proportion of persons who triggered or detected ME. RESULTS:Among 207 reports,there was no case of category A, 199 cases of category B,8 cases of category C,no of categories D-I. Among them,162 cases occurred in the links of prescrip-tions by doctors (78.26%),45 cases (21.74%) occurred in the links of dispensing prescriptions by pharmacists,the top 3 ME were improper usage(42.59%),improper administration route(40.74%)and inappropriate solvent(5.56%);the top 3 dispensing errors were variety error(40.00%),specification error(28.89%)and number errors(24.44%). The main causes for prescription errors were incomplete information system(56.17%)and drug information missing of doctors(43.83%);the main causes for dis-pensing errors were double specifications of drugs(35.56%),similar drug name(28.89%)and staffsntired(26.67%). In terms of the persons who triggered ME,the proportions of pharmacists,nurses,patients or their families were 97.58%,1.45% and 0.97%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Further strengthening information system and the on-the-job training for physicians and pharmacists can reduce the ME to some extent.

Objective To study the relation between the TCM constitution and the lung function of asthmatic bronchitis children to lay a foundation to apply the TCM constitution theory in preventing and treating children asthmatic diseases.Methods Following the Zhu's method,120 asthmatic bronchitis children were divided into normal constitution,phlegm-damp constitution,qi deficiency constitution,internal heat constitution,and both qi and yin deficiency constitution.Based on the Su's method,the cases were classified into balance constitution,lung-spleen Ⅰ constitution,lung-spleen Ⅱ constitution,spleen-kidney Ⅰ constitution,and spleen-kidney Ⅱ constitution.Their lung function was tested and the TPTEF /Te and VPTEF/Ve of each constitution were analyzed.Results Of the 120 cases,37 ones (30.8%) were qi deficiency constitution;33 ones (27.5%) were phlegm-damp constitution;and 60 ones (50.0%) were lung-spleen Ⅱ constitution.Compared with those with normal constitution,the cases with the phlegm-damp constitution,qi deficiency constitution,internal heat constitution,and both qi and yin deficiency constitution had significantly lowered TPTEF/Te and VPTEF/Ve (P

Objective To study the correlations of anxiety and depression at different phases with curative outcomes in female patients at IVF-ET cycle.Methods One hundred and seventeen patients were involved the study using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression(SDS)questionnaires when registered for IVF-ET cycle(T1), one day prior to oocyte retrieval(T2), and 5 to 7 days after embryo transfer(T3).SDS scores and SAS scores were compared between different phases.Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation of SAS scores with outcome.Results SDS scores of T1, T2 and T3 phases showed no significant differences(all P<0.05).The SAS scores at T2 and T3 were higher than that at T1(all P<0.05), the SAS scores at T2 were higher than that at T3(P<0.05).The SAS scores at T2 in patients achieved clinical pregnancy were significantly lower than that in patients achieved no clinical pregnancy.Logistic regression model showed that lower SAS scores were associated with higher pregnancy rates (P<0.05).Conclusions Anxiety level is the most remarkable one in the phase prior to oocyte retrieval.Low anxiety level prior to oocyte retrieval predicts higher a pregnancy rate.

Nutrition studies were made on four divers performing a helium-oxygen saturation dive to a simulated depth of 200m in a hyperbaric chamber for about seven days. Daily intake of food was surveyed by regular weighing method and its calories and nutrients were calculated from Chinese food composition table. Fasting blood and 24h urine samples were collected on several occasions before, during and after the dive for estimation of free amino acid, nitrogen and minerals. Vitamin load test was conducted for evaluation of vitamin status. The results showed that during the dive intakes of cereal, meat and oil of divers were decreased, but vegetable, fruit and beverage intakes increased. An average body weight loss of 1.75 kg was found after a 7-day period, but little changes in the body fat. Free amino acid levels of serum and urinary output were reduced, especially the essential amino acids. The urinary excretion of minerals was in an acceptable range, but thiamin decreased markedly and not returned to an acceptable range until 10 days after leaving the hyperbaric chamber.

0.05),but elevated markedly and acutely to a peak level at 24 h after operation (P

Objective To explore the technique and effect of selected three-field lymphadenectomy by left thoracotomy in treatment of thoracic middle or lower section esophageal squamous carcinoma. Methods From Jun. 2005 to Mar. 2009, 213 patients with thoracic middle or lower section of esophageal carcinoma received esophagectomy, bilateral mediastinal lymphadenectomy and pleural membrane resection.Group 1 -5, 7 - 12a, 16al, and 19 were performed to dissect abdominal lymph node and extended thoracic and abdominal lymphadenectomy and only lymph node extraction of mesoesophagus in neck field. Results 14197 lymphatic nodes(LN) were detected in 213 case. The average number of resected LN was 66. 65 ±24. 73. The metastatic lymph node was detected in 105 cases. The metastatic rate was 49.05% (105/213).There were 423 metastatic lymph nodes. The lymph nodes metastasis was 2. 97% (423/14197) of all dissected lymphatic nodes. No remnant carcinoma in the upper and lower cutting edge was found in pathological examination. The operation time ranged from 2. 92 ～ 4. 67 ( 3. 37 ± 0. 42) hours. Blood transfusion during perioperative period was 0 ～ 6u ( 1.08 ± 0. 93 ) u. Perioperative plasma transfusion was 0 ～ 1400( 103.77 ± 184. 89) ml. The hospital-time was 14 ～ 39 ( 17.64 ±4. 12) days. There were no anastomotic leakage and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. One case died from respiratory failure, the mortality was 0. 04% ( 1/213). Conclusion Surgical approach in the management of left thoracotomy in the sixth intercostals could extend resection of chest-field lymph node dissection, decrease neck field lymph node dissection. Abdomen-field lymph node dissection reached selected D3. The selected lymphadenectomy procedure had the advantages of small traumas and few complications.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the occurrence of paclitaxel(PTX)-induced muscle soreness and therapeutic efficacy and safety of diclofenac sodium. METHODS:Among 84 patients with malignant tumor receiving PTX chemotherapy,56 patients suf-fered from PTX-induced muscle soreness,among which 22 female patients suffered from medium and severe muscle soreness and then were randomly divided into group A and B,with 11 cases in each group. Group A was given Diclofenac sodium sustained-re-lease tablet 75 mg orally,once a day;group B was given Paracetamol and tramadol hydrochloride tablets one tablet orally,once a day,and then given Promethazine hydrochloride injection 100 mg subcutaneously,2-3 times a day when muscle soreness could not be born. Treatment course of both groups lasted for 5 d. The distribution of muscle soreness were observed. The onset time and dura-tion of muscle soreness were also observed as well as pain relief and the occurrence of ADR in group A and B. RESULTS:Among 84 cases,the incidence of muscle soreness was 66.67%,among which mild pain accounted for 23.81%,moderate pain accounted for 13.10%,and severe pain accounted for 29.76%. Among 56 patients with muscle soreness,earliest muscle soreness occurred on the day of medication,and most of muscle soreness occurred on 1-3 days after medication,mainly manifesting as sore,activity limitation when severe,associated with fatigue. The pain relief rate of group A and B were 100%,but the incidence of adverse re-actions in group A was significantly lower than group B,with statistical significances(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Diclofenac sodi-um is similar to paracetamol and tramadol hydrochloride in the treatment of PTX-induced muscle soreness,but it is better than paracetamol and tramadol hydrochloride in safety.

Objective To study the differences of coagulation indices on the first day of birth in newborns with different gestational ages.Method Premature infants born in our hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 were enrolled in this study as the observational group,and they were divided into early preterm group,moderate preterm group,and late preterm group according to their gestational ages.Healthy full-term infants born during the same period were selected as the control group by 3:1 The clinicaldata and coagulation indices of the infants and their mothers in each group were compared.Result There were 44,50,71,and 52 cases in the early preterm,moderate preterm,late preterm,and control group,respectively.The prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),and thrombin time (TT) of the premature infants in the early preterm group,moderate preterm group,and late preterm group were all longer than those of the control group [PT:(16.1 ±4.3) s,(16.8 ±4.9) s,(15.8 ±4.8) s,vs.(13.0±1.3)s;APTT:(88.3±38.1) s,(93.5±37.7) s,(91.0±32.3) s,vs.(66.0±17.8) s;TT:(25.4 ±4.6) s,(25.1 ±5.5) s,(25.0 ±3.3) s,vs.(24.0 ±3.3) s;all P＜0.05].The fibrinogen level of the premature newborns in three groups were all lower than that of the full-term infants in the control group [(1.11 ± 0.46) g/L,(1.12 ± 0.44) g/L,(1.12 ± 0.45) g/L vs.(1.28 ± 0.37) g/L,P ＜ 0.05].The differences of all the indices among the three groups of premature infants were all not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The comparison of the coagulation indices of the mothers of the newborns from all four groups showed no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with full-term infants,preterm infants showed significantly poorer coagulation function on the first day of birth.However,there were no significant differences in coagulation indices among preterm infants of different gestational ages.