Objective To observation the changes of left atrium and pulmonary veins(PV)in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF) by transthoracic two-and three-dimensional echocardiography. Methods Transthoracic echocardiography were applied in 126 patients,which were divided into sinus rhythm(SR) group(64 cases)and AF group(62 cases),AF group were further divided into two subgroups:the paroxysmal AF and non-paroxysmal AF group.Left atrial area(LAA),left atrial volume(LAV),left atrial diameter(LAD)were measured by 2-dimensional echocardiography imaging.PV diameters were measured by three-dimensional echocardiography. Results Compared with SR group,PV diameters were significantly increased in AF group(P＜0.05).In patients with AF,PV diameters in non-paroxysmal AF group were larger than paroxysmal AF group.The four PV diameters in SR,paroxysmal AF and non-paroxysmal AF group did not show statisticant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with SR group,LAD,LAA,LAV were increased in AF group.LAD,LAA,LAV were larger in non-paroxysmal AF group than SR group and paroxysmal AF group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Left atrium and PV dilate significantly in patients with AF,transthoracic echocardiography could be a non-invasive method to observe left atrium and PV.

Objective To evaluate the practical efficacy of comparison method in experimental teaching of pathological anatomy.Methods The junior college students of stomatology were divided into experimental group (n =48) and control group (n =48) randomly.Students in experimental group adopted the experimental teaching with comparison method of pathological anatomy and histology while those in control group followed the traditional experimental teaching.Experiment examination results of two groups were compared and questionnaire investigation was carried out among students in experimental group.Results Average score of experiment examination in experimental group was (88.35 ±5.68) while that in control group was (78.35 ±4.86),with statistical differences (P ＜0.01).The results of questionnaire investigation showed that students in experiment group preferred comparison teaching method.Conclusions Comparison teaching method is feasible,the mechanism of which emphasizes gaining new knowledge by reviewing the old and strengthens the contact of basic subjects,therefore it is conducive to enhancing the quality of pathological experimental teaching.

Objective To investigate the endothelial function and atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods Two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) was used tomeasure changes in brachial artery inner diameter as parameter of endothelium-dependant and endothelium-nondependant vascular diastolic function and pathologic characters of carotid atherosclerosis in 90 elderly CAD patients and 30 controls.Results Endothelium-dependant vascular diastolic function and endothelium-non dependant diastolic function were significantly decreased in CAD group as compared with control group [(9.08±2.28)% and (6.14±2.21)% vs.(15.58±2.20)%, P<0.01].The carotid intima-media thickness and plaque score were significantly increased in CAD group as compared with control group.Conclusions There are correlations of endothelium dysfunction and carotid atherosclerosis are relatied to with coronary atherosclerosis.

Objective To assess the prognostic value of tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) parameters in aeute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients. Methods After one week of AMI,102 patients underwent twodimensional/Doppler echocardiography and TDI examination.Early and late transmitral flow velocity E,A,deceleration time(DT)were measured. The average velocity of mitral valve at septal and lateral weremeasured including the systolic velocity(Sm),early diastolic velocity(Em)and late diastolic velocity(Am),Em/Am,E/Em were calculated.After 1 year follow up,the patients were divided into two groups according to whether hospitalizated due to heart failure(HF)or not. Stepwise multivariate COX regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of the cardiac event. Results In patients with H F,Sm,Em were lower than those of no HF group(P＜0.05),E,E/Em were higher than those of no HF group(P＜0.05 and0.01 respectively). Stepwise multivariate COX analysis identified that the E/Em was the only independent predictors of HF.E/Em≥12 was a useful HF predictors with a sensitivity of 84.2%,specificity of 77.1%.Conclusions E/Em ratio may assist in the risk stratification in AMI,and is a powerful predictor of HF.

Objective To study the anti-inflammatory,antitussive,and analgesia effects of Jinhua qingre capsules.Methods The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by the methods include xylene-induced mouse auricular swelling and histamine-induced pigment oozing from skin vessel in rats;The antitussive and analgesic effect were assessed by ammonia water induced cough model and acetic acid-induced twisting method.Results In anti-inflammation experiment,the high dose (12 g·kg-1) and moderate (6 g·kg-1) groups of Jinhua qingre capsules showed significant inhibitory effect on auricular swelling and significant difference compared with control group (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05.);the high dose (10 g· kg-1) and moderate dose (5 g·kg-1) groups of Jinhua Qingre capsules play a marked inhibitory role in the increase in mouse peritoneal capillary permeability (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05).In antitussive experiment,high dose (12 g· kg-1) and moderate dose (6 g· kg-1) groups had significant inhibitory effect on cough caused by ammonia water (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05) compared with control group.In analgesic experiment,the high dose (12 g·kg-1),moderate dose (6 g·kg-1),and low dose (3 g·kg-1) groups effectively reduced the writhing frequency of mice (P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Jinhua qingre capsules have potential effects on anti-inflammatory,antitussive,and analgesic.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chest X-ray manifestations of SARS cases.

METHODSA retrospective study was conducted among 52 clinically confirmed SARS patients from February 9 to May 10, 2003. Chest X-ray scanning was performed at a interval of 1 - 3 days according to the requirements. The manifestations and special features of SARS in X-ray were analyzed.

RESULTSSmall or large patchy shadows with intensive density in both lungs were observed in 31 cases, ground-glass like opacification in 16, small patchy shadows in one lung lobe or one lung segment in 18, nodular shadows in one lung segment in 1, and increased lung marking in lung interstitial tissues in 2. Rapidly changing consolidations revealed in chest X-ray images were found to be associated with SARS infections, and they were not affected by treatment with antibiotics.

CONCLUSIONChest X-ray provides a sensitive and specific method for the diagnosis and treatment of SARS, and those present with symptoms and signs should undergo chest X-ray scanning every 1 - 3 days.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging

Objective:To investigate the application value of P-loop digestive tract recons-truction in pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 21 ampullary disease patients undergoing PD in the Liuzhou People′s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University from April to December 2020 were collected. There were 13 males and 8 females, aged from 35 to 76 years, with a median age of 60 years. All the 21 patients underwent PD and digestive tract reconstruction using P-loop method based on the Child reconstruction. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination or telephone interview to detect survival and discomfort symptoms of patients up to December 2020. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers or persentages. Results:(1) Surgical situations: all the 21 patients underwent PD successfully. The operation time, time of P-loop anastomosis and volume of intraoperative blood loss of 21 patients were (317±74)minutes, (14±3)minutes and 375 mL(range, 100-800 mL), respectively. Of the 21 patients, 17 cases had pancreatic texture as soft, 4 cases had pancreatic texture as hard, 3 cases had diameter of pancreas ≤3 mm, 18 cases had diameter of pancreas >3 mm, 14 cases were placed pancreatic duct stent, 7 cases were not placed pancreatic duct stent. (2) Postoperative situations: 2 of the 21 patients had grade A pancreatic fistula, and none of patient had grade B or grade C pancreatic fistula. One case had hepaticojejunal anastomotic fistula, 2 cases without pancreatic fistula had delayed gastric emptying and none of patient had abdominal infection or bleeding. The duration of postoperative hospital stay of 21 patients was (16±5)days, and none of patient died during postoperative 30 days. Results of postoperative histopathological examination showed there were 10 cases with duodenal papillary carcinoma, 4 cases with lower bile duct carcinoma, 3 cases with pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma, 1 case with duodenum stromal tumors, 1 case with gastric antrum carcinoma, 1 case with mass in the head of the pancreas of IgG4 and 1 case with choledochal cyst of type 3. (3) Follow-up: all 21 patients were followed up for 1.0 to 7.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 4.3 months. None of patient died. There was no abdominal pain, distension or dyspepsia during follow-up. One case was diagnosed as tumor liver metastasis at postoperative 5 months.Conclusion:P-loop digestive tract reconstruction in PD is safe and effective, with good short-term effect.

Objective:To explore the damage of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) to the subbasal nerve plexus (SNP) and its related mechanisms by comparing SNP changes in wide-field mosaic between before and after PRP treatment in diabetic patients.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted.Fifty-seven patients (114 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus and binocular diabetic retinopathy (DR) stage IV to receive PRP treatment in Shanxi Eye Hospital from April to November 2019 were enrolled.The subjects were randomly divided into horizontal-vertical laser group and vertical-horizontal laser group according to a random number table.Twenty-nine eyes from 29 patients were assigned to the horizontal-vertical laser group with the photocoagulation sequence of temporal-nasal-inferior-superior.Twenty-eight eyes from 28 patients were assigned to the vertical-horizontal laser group with the photocoagulation sequence of inferior-superior-temporal-nasal.The severer eyes of each subject were chosen as the treatment eye and the contralateral eyes were chosen as the control eye.Corneal confocal laser scanning microscopy (CCM) was performed before PRP treatment, 1 week after each photocoagulation, and 1 month after the completion of PRP treatment to collect images of the SNP over an area of 2-3 mm around the whorl-like pattern.Captured images at each time were merged into one image by using the Photoshop CC 2017 image processing software, and then the nerve fiber length (NFL) of whorl-like pattern was measured by Neuron J image analysis software.McGill pain questionnaire was used to investigate the pain of patients after each photocoagulation.The NFL changes of SNP at different time points were compared between different eyes and different photocoagulation sequence groups.The study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Shanxi Eye Hospital (No.201804b). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering the study cohort.Results:After PRP treatment, there were different degrees of neural structure loss of SNP nerve fibers in 11 treatment eyes, but there was no significant change in SNP nerve fibers in the control eyes.There were significant differences in NFL between the treatment eyes and the control eyes at various time points ( Feyes=2.020, P=0.039; Ftime=4.062, P=0.001). In the horizontal-vertical laser group, different degrees of neural structure loss on the photocoagulation side were found in SNP nerve fibers after the first and second photocoagulation.In the vertical-horizontal laser group, different degrees of neural structure loss on the photocoagulation side were found in SNP nerve fibers after the third and fourth photocoagulation.There was no significant difference in NFL of treatment eyes between the two groups ( Fgroup=0.099, P=0.754), but there was a significant difference in NFL at various time points before and after treatment ( Ftime=5.231, P<0.001). There were 9 (9/57) patients who complained of pain after PRP, which occurred at the first time of photocoagulation in 7 of them. Conclusions:SNP damage may occur after PRP in patients with DR, and SNP is prone to be damaged on the photocoagulation side when performing horizontal photocoagulation.