BACKGROUND:Along with the medicine development.the prevention and treatment of the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle have made a remarkable progress,but the clinical curative effect is still not satisfied OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current status of the prevention and treatment methods of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy,and to find a more effective method for the prevention and treatment of the denervated of skeletal muscle atrophy METHODS:Using"denervation,muscle atrophy,treatment"in English for the search term,Medline database from January 1998 to January 2008 was retrieved.Using"denervation,muscle atrophy,treatment:in Chinese for the search term,the Chinese Journal Full-text Database from January 1998 to January 2008,Wanfang Database from January 1998 to January 2008,and Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation and Tissue Engineering Research from January 1 998 to January 2008 were searched.Literature was limited to English and Chinese languages.The muscular endurance and contractile force,muscle wet weight of denervated nerve,and skeletal muscle repair served as the evaluation index The studies on the micro-surgical procedures,physical therapy,biological and chemical therapies,gene therapy for the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle were included.Except the above methods,other therapies to the denervated skeletal muscle atrophy were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After peripheral nerve damage.the skeletal muscle is denervated and then inevitably atrophy occurs Therefore,the exploration of prevention and treatment of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy has attracted the interests from many domestic and foreign scholars.will certainly become the important task and the research hot spot in the 21st century in the peripheral nerve domain The microsurgery surgery,physiotherapy,biology and chemotherapeutics,gene therapy are the main effective prevention methods for the atrophy of denervated skeletal muscle.At present,this domain.s research already presents the multiple perspectives and various tendencies.The prevention and treatment of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy has already given the pointed management,but in the improvement microcycle,but much works need to carry on in fields of improving microcirculation,preventing cell apoptosis,suppressing the collagen excessive growth,as well as adjusting myogenic regulatory factors expression using gene therapy method in the gene level,but also had the.Along with the tissue engineering,cell culture science,molecular biology,genetic engineering and so on,an unceasing development will be obtained regarding the prevention and treatment of denervated skeletal muscle atrophy.

Objective To explore the anticoagulating active components in water extraction, alcohol sedimentation and fraction separated by gelfiltration chromatography of Bombyx Batryticatus. Methods Anticoagulating active fractions were prepared by the methods of water extraction, 70% alcohol sedimentation and gelfiltration chromatography. Components (such as porteins or polypeptide, amino acids, oxalic acid ammonium) in each fraction were determined by chemical reaction indentification, Kjeldahl method, conductance, UV and HPLC. Results Polypeptide, amino acids and oxalic acid ammonium were the main components in anticoagulating active fractions, content of which reached more than 80%. The content of oxalic acid ammonium decreased about 52% processed by alcohol sedimentation, while the content of polypeptide and amino acids only decreased about 8%. The content of peptides and amino acids increased about 28% purified by gelfiltration chromatography compared with the one in water extraction and about 39% compared with the one in alcohol sedimentation. The content of oxalic acid ammonium was the same as the one in alcohol sedimentation, but decreased about 1 time compared with the one in water extraction. The content of 15 kinds of amino acids were 40%～50% in the solids of each fractions, which maked up to 60%～76% of the content of proteins determined by Kjeldahl method. Molecular weight range of peptides is 1.0～4.4 kDa. Conclusion This study provides a experimental basis for further separation and purification of anticoagulating active components from Bombyx Batryticatus.

This paper reported a rapid hydrolysis method of food protein using microwave oven and high pressure vessel technique. Tryptophan in hydroly-zate was determined by fluorimetric spectroscopy method. The hydrolytic agent was 5 M NaOH solution. Under the operative condition of the microwave oven (microwave output power 650W, 2 minutes 15 seconds and 65W 2 minutes) the highest tryptophan contents of the pure protein lysozymum and food SRM liver, cabbage and wheat flour were obtained. The results of the t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the tryptophan contents determined by using the operative condition of the microwave oven mentioned above and 145℃ 4h hydrolysis method. The recovery of the method was 93.3%-107%, and the coefficient of variation obtained by parallel determination of 10 lysozymum sample was 4.2%.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the detection of serological antibodies of Helicobacter pylori(HP) infection and the pathological features of gastric ulcer.Methods 228 cases of patients with gastric ulcer diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy(180 cases of benign ulcer and 48 cases of malignant ulcer) were enrolled in this study from January 2015 to October 2016.All subjects were given 14C-urea breath test.The positive rates of cytotoxin associated gene A(CagA),urease A(UreA),urease B(UreB),vacuolating toxin A(VacA) and flagellin antibodies in serum were determined by immunoblotting.The relationship between serum antibody level of Hp infection and pathologic features of gastric ulcer patients were analyzed.Results HP positive rate and type Ⅰ HP positive rate in malignant gastric ulcer group were significantly higher than those in benign gastric ulcer group(P<0.05).The positive rates of CagA,UreA,UreB,VacA and flagellin antibodies were significantly higher in patients with malignant gastric ulcer than those in benign gastric ulcer group(P<0.05).The positive rates of UreA,UreB,VacA and flagellin antibodies in patients with gastric ulcer area>2.0 cm2,severe mucosal inflammatory reaction and severe inflammatory reaction activity were higher(P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of gastric ulcer and progression of the disease could be related to the interaction of HP virulence factors.HP serological antibodies detection could help to classify patients with HP-positive gastric ulcer and formulate targeted prevention and treatment plan.

Objective To assess the value of dual-source computed tomography angiography (DSCTA)in detecting intracranial aneurysms by comparing with conventional and three-dimensional DSA.Methods In this study,95 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)underwent both DSCTA and DSA examination.The detection rate,size,and ratio of the neck to the dome(N/D ratio)of the aneurysrns were evaluated.Statistical analysis was performed using a paired sample Student's t-test for the comparisons of the value of N/D and 2 Related Samples test for long axis.Results A total of 67 aneurysms in 63 patients at DSA and 64 aneurysms in 60 patients at DSCTA were detected,respectively;whereas no aneurysm was detected in 32 patients at DSA.Compared with DSA,the overall sensitivity.specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of DSCTA on a per-aneurysm basis were 94.2%,100.0%,100.0%,and 91.4%,respectively.For the aneurysms larger than 3 mm,the sensitivity and specificity of DSCTA in detecting intracranial aneurysms were equal to those of DSA:For aneurysms smaller than 3 mm,however,the sensitivity and specificity of DSCTA is 80.0% and 100.0%.The N/D ratio for DSA and DSC:TA was 0.46±0.14 and 0.51±0.18.respectively,and the median of long axis was 4.9 mm and 4.8 mm.respectively.There was no significant difierence in the N/D ratio(t=3.20;P＞0.05)and the long axis(Z=-1.309;P＞0.05)between DSA and DSCT.Condusions Compared with conventional and three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography,DSCTA has high sensitivity and specificity in the detection of intracranial aneurysms,especially for detection of snlall aneurysnm(＜3 mm).It can be used as a routine screening technique.

An efficient and repeatable approach in transforming the foxtail millet (Setaria italica ) using Agrobacterium LBA4404 horboring the plasmid pBI121 was established. Factors affecting transformation efficiency were investigated including the genotype, explants, the density of bacteria, the duration for inoculation and co-cultivation, and the concentration of acetosyringone in the medium. The maximum transformation conditions were: the callus induced from inflorescence was used as explant; the duration for inoculation with Agrobacterium at low cell density was 30-40 min; for the co-cultivation , the suitable concentration of acetosyringone in the medium was 0.1 mmol/L, and the duration was 2 days.

Objective To study the effects of improved Wright-Giemsa staining. Methods 40 semen samples by both traditional and improved Wright-Giemsa staining.The morphological characteristics stained by two methods was ob-served. Results The defective rates of the middle and tail parts of sperm were 7.02%± 2.4%and 11.02%± 2.03%respec-tively in improved staining group;while those were 5.48%±2.8%and 8.05%±2.56%in traditional staining group. There was statistical significance between two staining methods (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of normal sperm and sperm head between these two staining methods;however, improved staining method showed a much clearer nucleus and ac-rosome staining than that of traditional methods. Improved Wright-Giemsa staining is better for sperm, vaginal discharge and Trichomonas vaginalis. More importantly, axostyle and flagella were clearly stained with the improved method. Conclusion Improved Wright-Giemsa staining is simple and can be used in clinical diagnosis.

Objective To analyze clinical features,surgical treatment efficacy and prognostic factors of bone metastasis patients after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods A retrospective clinical data of 20 bone metastasis patients after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma from July 2000 to January 2010 were received.The effect of surgery aimed at bone metastasis was evaluated.Univariate and multivariate prognostic risk factors were analyzed.Results The median survival time of these patients was 7.5 months and 1-year survival rate was only 20％.Surgical treatment could relieve pain and promote patients' peformance status significantly.Univariate and multivariate analysis found that tumor microvascular invasion within the removed recipient liver was the only prognostic risk factor.Conclusions Patients of bone metastasis after liver transplantation for HCC had poor prognosis.Surgical treatment helps improve patient's quality of life.Tumor microvascular invasion is the risk factor of surgical prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy objectively and systematically between endoscopic and microscopic surgery for transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma by a Meta-analysis.Methods A systematic literature search of Medline,the Cochrane Library,the Web of Science and the Google Scholar were performed to recruit studies between January,1990 and May,2015 that compared endoscopic and microscopic approaches in the treatment of pituitary adenomas.A Meta-analysis(R-3.1.3) was conducted to estimate the effect of different operative procedures.Results A total of 22 studies including 3 randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trails and 19 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria.Among 1421 patients studied,733 of them were treated with endoscopic and 688 were treated with microscopic surgery.The rate of gross tumor removal was higher in patients who underwent endoscopic surgery (71％) than those who underwent microscopic surgery (56％)(P ＜ 0.05).The rate of remission of hypersecretion was also higher in patients who underwent endoscopic surgery(60％) than those who underwent microscopic surgery(54％),but the difference was not significantly(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The present study indicates that the endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is more effective than microscopic surgery in the treatment of pituitary adenomas.

Objective:To evaluate the computer aided detection system on the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. Methods: 120 cases of examined patients with solitary lung nodules up to 9-30 mm in diameter were evaluated. All nodules had been verified by means of biopsy. 120 cases of healthy patients were selected as control group on the basis of confirmation on the chest CT. All chest radiograph in the two group were obtained with a digital radiography system. Five experienced chest radiologists and five residents detected the chest radiograph with or without CAD output images. The scales of performance were evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve). Results: The average area under the curve value increased significantly from 0.762 without to 0.825 with CAD output images(P