Objective With personal computer(PC) as the platform,to explore an computerized 3D reconstruction method based on rat's cervical cord serial sections. Methods Normal cervical cord segment of SD rat was embeded in paraffin block,four locating marks were made at four corners around the specimen,the specimen was sectioned serially with Leica paraffin microtome,after each three sections,the images of specimen and outer locating marks were taken with CANON digital camera and the serial sections were obtained.The obtained images were ordered,cut,turned into gray scale images and background uneven corrected.The edges of white matter,grey matter and locating marks in each image were extracted,the locating marks were used for automated registration of serial sections with 3D-DOCTOR software,the 3D surface reconstruction of cervical cord segment was observed,cut and measured freely in PC. Results The grey matter,white matter of rat cervical cord segment were reconstructed from serial transverse sections,the reconstructed segment was measured to obtain the surface area and volume data.Conclusion The paraffin embedding and "hard" locating marks techniques can be used to obtain the images of serial transverse sections of rat's cerival cord segment,to make 3D reconstruction which can be observed and measured freely.

Objective To investigate the effect of Hydroxychloroquine plus Leflunomide on the lipid profile and disease activity index in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods A total of 140 elderly patients with RA who met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were treated with Hydroxychloroquine (Group A,n =70) or leflunomide combined with hydroxychloroquine (Group B,n=70),and 100 healthy volunteers were selected as controls.The lipid profile was compared between the patient groups and control group.Lipid levels,Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before treatment and 6 months after treatment between Group A and Group B.Results Compared with the control group,RA patients exhibited higher levels of total cholesterol (TC,P＜0.05),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C,P＜0.05) and triglycerides (TG,P＜0.01),and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C,P＜0.05).After 6 months of treatment,the disease activity index (DAS28,P＜0.01),the duration of morning stiffness (P＜0.01),ESR,CRP,swollen joint count (SJC) and tender joint count (TJC) decreased in RA patients,compared with controls (P＜0.01 or 0.05).HDL-C levels increased and LDL-C levels decreased in Groups A and B after treatment,compared with pretreatment (P＜0.05 for all).After treatment,TC levels decreased in Group B,compared with Group A (P＜ 0.05),while TG levels had no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).TC and LDL-C levels,ESR,CRP,DAS28,SJC and TJC were lower in Group B than in Group A (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Hydroxychloroquine in combination with Leflunomide therapy can not only control inflammation but also improve the lipid profile,and is more effective than single-drug therapy.The combination may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events in patients with RA.

OBJECTIVE To investigate antibiotic resistance and distribution of bacteria to provide reference for using antibiotics reasonably.METHODS Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by K-B method,meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus(MRS)and ESBLs were identified according to NCCLS(2004)of the USA.RESULTS From in 118 strains of bacteria there were 75 Staphylococcus strains,and the isolated rate of meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)was 35.0%,and that of meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative S.aureus(MRCNS)was 40.0%.Among 41 Gram-negative bacilli,ESBLs isolating rates in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 18.2% and 30.0%,respectively.The resistant rate to clindamycin,erythromycin and ciprofloxacin in MRS was higher than in meticillin-sensitive Staphylococcus(MSS)significantly.Imipenem showed proper antibiotic activity to Gram-negative bacilli.CONCLUSIONS We should pay more attention to resistant strains to control the nosocomial infection outbreaking.

Dynamic contrasted-enhanced perfusion MR imaging can provide noninvasive and physical maps of cerebral microcirculation. The tumor vascularities are assessed by calculating cerebral blood volumes of the normal cerebral tissue and tumor tissue from imaging signal intensities. This technique is helpful to better evaluate the histopathological grade of gliomas, determine the biopsy site for tumors. And it is very useful for the preoperative diagnosis of gliomas, solitary metastases, cerebral lymphomas, as well as differentiating tumor recurrence after surgical resection and radiotherapy from radiation necrosis. But there are some limitations in evaluating extraaxial tumors and cerebral tumors with severe breakdown of blood-brain barrier.

The continuous artery-vein infusion method was used for the study of the origin, number, course, anastomosis, point of penetration and distribution of external arteries on 60 sides and internal arteries on 18 sides of the brain stem (mesencepha- lon and medulla oblongata) in Chinese under magnifiers (10-16?). The arteries of the brain stem can be divided into four groups: the anteromedial, anterolateral, lateral and posterior arteries. Each group originates from several different arteries. The spot where external arteries penetrate into the substance of brain stem is called the point of penetration, several points of penetration concentrating together make the dense penetrating area. The dense penetrating areas on mesencephalon are the interpeduncular fossa and sulcus lateralis and those on the medulla oblongata are the fissurae mediana anterior and sulcus posterior to olive. There are fine arterial networks in the pia mater of the brain stem. In the mesencephalon and the closed portion of the medulla oblongata, the internal arteries traverse centripetally while in the open portion of the medulla oblongata, they course towards the floor of the fourth ventricle. The calibre of arteries in each group decreases anteroposteriorly. A comparatively constant blood supply area is available to each group.

Objective:In order to obtain safer HBV DNA vaccine,recombinant kanamycin resistance eukaryotic expression plasmid containing the gene of HBV surface antigen was constructed and used to study humoral immune response in BALB/c mice.Methods:HBV antigen middle protein(preS2+S) encoding gene fragment was isolated from the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA-S 2S;subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1.After confirmed the presence of the gene by restriction endonuclease analysis,it was used to immunize the healthy BALB/c mice at different doses,and the levels of anti-HBs in serum was determined by ELISA.Results:Restriction endonuclease analysis confirmed recombinant plasmid pVAX-S 2S was what was expected.Serum anti-HBs was detected at the 2nd week after DNA vaccination at all three doses(100 ?g,50 ?g,10 ?g per mice)and their titers were increased with time.Quantitative comparison of the serum anti-HBs levels revealed significant(P

0.05).Conclusion The 4-combine radical treatment to Hp infection can reduce the concentration of ammonia in gastric juice and blood ammonia obviously in patients with liver cirrhosis,whose Child-Pugh grade are A and B,and the treatment is effective in preventing heptic encephalopathy.

Objective To study the effects of D-Ala2-Leu5-enkephalin(DADLE) preconditioning on rabbit donor heart preservation and protective mechanism.Methods 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups. In group B, after preconditioning with DADLE(1mg?kg -1 ), the donor hearts were then arrested and preserved with Krebs-Henseleit buffer at 4℃ for 4h,and group A without conditioning as controls. Then the donor hearts were transplanted into the abdomen of recipient rabbits. Recovery situation of contraction of the donor heart was compared. The left ventricular tissues were obtained from the donor hearts after 2h of transplantation.The contents of free radicals and ATPase activity were determined and cardiac ultrastructure were observed.Results After 4h cold storage, the heart undergoing DADLE preconditioning in group B showed better recovery of left ventricular development pressure (LVDP).The activity of sodium-potassium ATPase in group B were higher than that in group A. DADLE increased free radical production 2-fold versus group A. Group B showed slighter injury in transmission electron microscopy observation than that in group A.Conclusion Our study demonstrated opioid preconditioning has protective function to rabbit heart injury caused by long term cold storage. The protective mechanism maybe related to increase of free radical content.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of AVM bleeding for surgical treatment.Methods The 64 cases of bleeding AVM patients,clinical informations,condition of surgery and inspection of pathology were summarized.Results The prognosis was evaluated by Glasgow outcome scale(GOS)for every patient after the operation.36(53.3 %)recovered well,13(20.3 %)moderately disabled,4(6.4 %)severely disabled,and 11(17.3 %)died.Conclusions The effect of surgical treatment in patients with the age of onset,the site of hematoma,the bleeding volume and timing of surgery-related.The incidence between the ages of 8～14 years of age,the amount of bleeding

Objective To localize and characterize the plasmid protein pORF5 in the Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) infected cells. Methods The open reading frame encoding for pORF5 protein from the Ct plasmid was amplified and cloned into the pGEX-6p vector. The recombinant plasmid pGEX-pORF5 was transformed into XL1-blue E. coli to express fusion protein with the glutathione-s-transferase (GST). After purified with Glutathione Sepharose 4B beads, the pORF5 fusion protein was used to immunize mice to make monoclonal and polyclonal antibody. The antibodies were used to localize the endogenous pORF5 protein and detect the expression pattern in Chlamydia-infected cells using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). At the same time, ELISA was used to determine whether pORF5 plasmid protein was expressed and immunogenic during Ct infection in humans. Results pORF5 was detected a dominant signal in the cytosol of the Chlamydia-infected cells with a pattern similar to that of anti-CPAF. pORF5 also appeared in the RBs and EBs in small quantity. Athough pattern was similarly, pORF5 did not overlap with CPAF. pORF5 protein was strongly recognized antiserum in an ELISA. Conclusion The pORF5 plasmid protein was identified as a secreted protein with good immunogenicity, pORF5 gene was to express the endogenous target protein during human infection.