Objective To investigate the pain management ability of obstetric nurses in puerperants undergoing cesarean section, and to provide some reference for improving the professional knowledge and service ability of obstetric nursing staff. Methods From November 2017 to November 2018, 162 staff in charge of nursing puerperants undergoing cesarean section in Obstetrics Department of 3 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals were selected by convenience sampling method. General Information Questionnaire, Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain(NKAS) were used to investigate and study and compare the pain management ability of nurses with different data. A total of 162 questionnaires were sent out and 156 valid questionnaires were recovered with a recovery rate of 96.30%. Results The scores of NKAS scale of 156 nurses were (15.16±5.42). The scores of "general knowledge of pain", "knowledge of analgesics","knowledge of pain assessment" and "knowledge of pain intervention" were (3.47±0.95), (6.89±1.24), (3.07±0.73) and (1.65±0.98), respectively. There was significant difference in NKAS scores between nurses with different ages, nurses' professional level, education and working years, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that nurses' education and working years were the influencing factors of their pain management ability (P＜0.05). Conclusions The pain management ability of obstetric caesarean section nurses in Nanjing Class Ⅲ Grade A Hospital is low. It is suggested to strengthen the training of pain management ability of obstetric caesarean section nurses with short working length and low professional levels in order to provide better nursing service for puerperants.