The assessment of right heart function plays an important role in diagnoses, therapeutic decision-making, curative effects and prognoses of many congenital and acquired heart diseases. Recently, a lot of new techniques of echocardiography have been used to evaluate right heart function, such as DTI, MPI, 3-DE, AQ and CUS, which all have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Objective To study a safe and effective method for the dissection of the cystic duct under laparoscope.Methods Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in 1 460 cases,by using the retrograde dissection of the cystic duct,from December 2002 to December 2005 in this hospital. Results The laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully completed in 1 442 cases,with an operation time of 15~100 min(mean, 42 min).A conversion to open surgery was required in 18 cases(1.23%).Complications included 5 cases of bile duct injury(0.34%),3 cases of intraabdominal hemorrhage(0.21%),and 3 cases of biliary leakage(0.21%).Follow-up for 2~24 months(mean,11.8 months) found 2 cases of residual calculi in the common bile duct.Conclusions The retrograde dissection of the cystic duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe method and simple to perform.

Objective To develop a remover of formaldehyde in indoor air. Methods Activated carbon was used as the raw materials, potassium hydroxide as the activator. The activated carbon was modified through activation and impregnation. The influence factors for the formaldehyde adsorption property of activated carbons were evaluated, such as the size, activation temperature, activation time and impregnation time. Results The optimum technics conditions for developing the formaldehyde remover and the optimum conditions to absorb formaldehyde were confirmed. The mass adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 49.6%, the BET surface area was about 1 591 m2/g and the total pore volume was 1.01 cm3/g. Conclusion The mass adsorption capacity of formaldehyde and the BET surface area of the modified activated carbon in the present paper are better than those of unmodified activated carbon.

Aim To evaluate neuroprotective effects of stearic acid on primarily cultured hippocampal neurons and to study the mechanism of neuroprotection afforded by stearic acid.Methods Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons were insulted by OGD(oxygen-glucose deprivation),H_2O_2,glutamate and NaN_3;MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell viability;Inhibitors of PPAR?and PI-3K signal pathway were used to study mechanisms of neuroprotection of stearic acid.Results Compared with control neurons,A_(570) in MTT assay were increased significantly by stearic acid in hippocampal neurons insulted by OGD(oxygen-glucose deprivation),H_2O_2 and glutamate(P

AIM To construct a non-normalized cDNA library from Agkistrodon acutus venom gland as an imtial step to develop new and more effective venom by genetic engineering technique for screening and expressing target genes. METHODS The total RNA was extracted from fresh venom gland using Trizol. mRNA was reversely transcripted to cDNA using superscriptⅡ reverse transcriptase. Second-strand synthesis was performed using DNA polymeraseⅠ. After adding EcoRⅠ adaptor, phosphorylating the end and digesting with XhoⅠ, the cDNA was collected in five fractions (<0.25 kb, 0.25-0.5 kb, 0.5-1 kb, 1-2 kb and >2 kb) using the QIAquick Gel Extraction kit and ligated to pBluescriptⅡ vectors. The five libraries obtained were plated by infecting E.coli DH10B, constructing a cDNA library of Agkistrodon acutus venom gland. Sequencing clones at random, 8696 high quality 5′ end expressed sequenced tags (ESTs) were obtained and analyzed. The initial sequences were assembled into 2855 clusters. Among which, one of the clusters (Agkihagin) consisting of 74 ESTs was identified as a novel metalloprtoteinase based on RT-PCR and sequence analysis. RESULTSThe titers of library were 2.048×106. The novel metalloproteinase belonged to PⅢ type metalloproteinase. Its open reading frame was composed of 1827 nucleotides and coded a pre-zymogen of 608 amino acid with zinc-binding domain for metalloproteinase and Asp-Glu-Cys-Asp(DECD) domain for disintegrin. CONCLUSION The capacity of cDNA library of venom gland is above the general level of cDNA library. It would be a helpful platform to construct a catalog for transcripts in the venom gland of the Agkistrodon acutus. The sequence analysis indicates that the deduced amino acid sequence of the identified gene for metalloproteinase share the highest 87% identity with the metalloproteinase genes of other snakes in the GenBank. It lays a good foundation for the study of structure-function relationships of snake venom metalloproteinases.

【Objective】To study the effect of the specific p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK) inhibitor SB203580 on apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons induced by low potassium.【Methods】Apoptosis was induced by switching the cultured cerebellar granule neurons from a culture medium containing K+ 25 mmol*L-1 to a medium containing K+ 5 mmol*L-1 (cLK).Fragmentation of DNA was analyzed using agarose gel eletrophoresis.SAPK/JNK activity was measured by SAPK/JNK assay kit.【Results】Low potassium resulted in apoptosis as characterized by morphological and biochemical features,but the specific p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 improved the survival of cerebellar granule neurons cultured in cLK medium by blocking apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner.The expression and phosphorylation of c-Jun increased and the activity of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) elevated when cerebellar granule neurons were cultured in cLK medium.But when the cerebellar granule neurons cultured in cLK medium were exposed to 25 μmol*L-1 SB203580,the expression and phosphorylation of c-Jun and the activity of JNK were both decreased evidently.【Conclusions】These results indicate that SB203580 inhibits the activation of JNK and phosphorylation of c-Jun,and therefore protects granule neurons from apoptosis induced by low potassium.

Objective To explore the influence of screening programme on awareness of cervical cancer prevention among 30 to 59 years old women who live in rural areas of Beijing.Methods A face-to-face cross-sectional survey on women's knowledge on cervical cancer prevention was conducted in 2008 and 2009 among subjects recurited by three-stage stratified random sampling.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that since the initiation of cervical cancer screening in Daxing District of Beijing,the overall awareness of cervical cancer was significantly increased among women residents,and the percentage of women with 5 or more correct answers was increased from 37.3％ to 51.0％ ( x2=62.06,P＜0.001).After adjusting confounding factors,multivariate analysis showedthat cervical cancer screening programme contributed to improved awareness of cervical cancer-related knowledge ( OR =1.853,95％ CI1.590 -2.159).In addition,current place of residence,education level,household income per-capita and screening history within 5 years were major factors affecting women's awareness of cervical cancer ( OR vales were 1.766,2.580,1.350 and1.676,respectively),and higher education level and personal income were correlated with increased awareness rate.ConclusionCervical cancer screening could improve general knowledge of cervical cancer,especially for those who have never participated in the screening programme.

【Objective】To investigate the molecular mechanism of dopamine (DA)-induced apoptosis in cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) and the effect of muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) agonist carbachol on it.【Methods】The apoptosis of neurons was measured by phase-contrast microscopy,Hoechst 33258 nucleus staining and DNA fragmentation agarose gel electrophoresis.The neuronal viability was measured by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining.The activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) was determined by Western blot.【Results】Dopamine increases the phosphorylation of ERK and induces apoptosis in CGNs,which is blocked by both carbachol and PD 98059.The protective effect and the inhibiting ERK phosphorylation of carbachol were blocked by atropine.【Conclusion】DA-induced apoptosis in CGNs may be mediated by activation of ERK.Carbachol protects CGNs from DA-induced apoptosis by activating mAChR and subsequent inhibition of activation of ERK.

Objective: To study the curative effect of adhesive intestinal obstruction with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Methods: A total of 128 patients with adhesive intestinal obstruction were randomly divided into 2 groups ( 64 patients in each) . The western medicine group was treated with conventional therapies. Traditional Chinese and western medicine group received acupuncture and moxibustion on the basis of western medicine treatment. After 3 days, abdominal X?ray plain film examination was done. The recovery of gastrointestinal function, cure rate, hospitalization days and cost was compared. Results: The symptom alle?viation rate of abdominal pain and distension, nausea and vomitting, and exhaust and defecation in Chinese and Western medicine group were higher than those in western medicine group ( P<0?05) . The cure rate was higher than that in western medicine group ( P<0?05). Hospitalization days and cost were lower than those in western medicine group (P<0?01). Conclusion: Compared with treatment with western medicine, it has quick effect, high cure rate, short treatment course, low cost in the treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and acupuncture.

Objective To investigate the value of short diameter of lymph nodes combined with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in evaluating lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer by enhanced CT.Methods A total of 82 patients with cervical cancer were selected and divided into metastatic group(n=13)and non-metastatic group(n=69)according to whether lymph node metas-tasis occurred.The clinicopathological features of the two groups were compared,and the relationship between NLR and clinicopath-ology was analyzed.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer.The short diameter of lymph nodes and serum NLR were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,DeLong test and compare the area under the curve(AUC)analysis was used to evaluate the value of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer.The diagnostic efficacy of the above indexes were compared between the two groups.Results The short diameter of lymph nodes and NLR in the metastatic group were(0.686±0.120)cm and 2.23±0.41 respectively,while thosein the non-metastatic group were(0.602±0.106)cm and 1.76±0.30 respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically signifi-cant(P＜0.05);There was no significant difference in age,growth pattern and vascular infiltration between the metastatic group and the non-metastatic group(P＞0.05).There were significant differences in clinical stage,maximum diameter of tumor,NLR and short diameter of enhanced CT lymph nodes(P＜0.05);The NLR was related to clinical stage,pelvic lymph node metastasis,and the short diameter of lymph nodes on enhanced CT scan(P＜0.05);Clinical stage Ⅲ,maximum diameter of tumor≥4 cm,NLR＞1.80 and short diameter of enhanced CT lymph nodes≥0.632 cm were independent risk factors for cervical cancer lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05);The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the combined detection of cervical cancer was 0.871,higher than that of the enhanced CT lymph nodes short diameter and serum NLR(0.645,0.795),and its specificity was better than that of the independent detection.The best cutoff values of the enhanced CT lymph nodes short diameter and serum NLR were 0.630 cm and 1.91,respectively.Conclusion The short diameter of lymph nodes and the serum NLR can predict lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer,and the combined detection can improve the evaluation efficiency.