Objective To explore the effects of silencing DDR2 expression by siRNA on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis and its mechanism in rats. Methods Liver fibrosis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 twice a week for 6 consecutive weeks. Some rats were administered siRNA targeting DDR2 (0. 3 mg/kg), saline or control siRNA every three days from the beginning of CCl4 injection via tail vein injection, while other rats were treated in the same pattern after 2-week CCl4 injection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of DDR2, MMP-2 and COL Ⅰ . Meanwhile, the pathological changes of liver tissues and the levels of liver function were also observed. Results QRT-PCR showed that the DDR2, MMP-2 and COL Ⅰ mRNA in the chemically synthetic cholesterol-modified siRNADDR2 group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group (P＜0.01) ,and the protein expressions of DDR2, MMP-2 and COL Ⅰ were also significantly decreased (P＜0. 01,4 wand 6w). In addition, in comparison with those in the control group, the pathological changes of liver tissues in the siRNA-DDR2 treated group were markedly attenuated, and the levels of ALT(1356.17 ±83.80 nkat/L vs 2532. 70±145.11 nkat/L,4w,1367. 60±321.76 nkat/L vs 2604.37±255.02 nkat/L,6w,P＜0. 01 ) and AST (2460. 80 ± 207. 58 nkat/L vs 3983. 70 ± 253. 08 nkat/L, 4w, P＜ 0. 01,2383.27±290.16 nkat/L vs 3227.70±353. 34 nkat/L,6w,P＜0. 05)were also significantly lowered,while the level of TBIL (7. 97 ± 1.60 μmol/L vs 3.80± 0.60 μmol/L, 4w, 10.40±1.61 μmol/L vs 6.10±0.79 μmol/L,6w,P＜0. 01)was markedly increased. Conclusion Systemic administration of cholesterol-modified siRNA targeting DDR2 could significantly suppress the expression of DDR2, decrease the contents of the extracellular matrix,and thus has a potential antifibrotic effect.

Objective To investigate cortactin expression in malignant colorectal tissues and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous colon tissues,precancerous lesions (adenomatous polyps) and the relationship between the expression of cortactin and cell division in colorectal cancer cells.Methods The expression of cortactin was detected by immunohistochemistry in colorectal cancer,colorectal adenomatous polyp (precancerous lesions) and colorectal tissues adjacent to adenocarcinomas (normal tissues).Kaplan-Meier method was employed to compare the survival between the groups.Cortactin expression and cell division were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence in SW-620 colon cancer cells treated with cortactin siRNA.Results The positive expression rate of cortactin was significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissues than in adenomatous polyp tissues and pericarcinomatous normal tissues.Overexpression of cortactin in colorectal cancer tissues was correlated with poor differentiation (P ＜ 0.01),lymph node metastasis (P =0.006),and TNM stage (P =0.022).The 5 year survival rate of the group of negative/weak positive expression of eortactin was significantly higher than the group of strong positive expression of cortactin.CTTN gene amplification in colorectal cancer tissues was obvious.Cortactin siRNA induction caused a lower cortactin protein expression in colorectal cancer cells.Conclusions It is suggested that the excessive expression of cortactin contributes to the growth of cancer cells in colorectal cancer.

Despite recent clinical guidelines, the optimal therapeutic strategy for the management of refractory chronic cough is still a challenge. The present systematic review was designed to assess the evidence for efficacy and safety of gabapentin in the treatment of chronic cough. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases, and publications cited in bibliographies was performed. Articles were searched by two reviewers with a priori criteria for study selection. Seven relevant articles were identified, including two randomized controlled trials, one prospective case-series designed with consecutive patients, one retrospective case series of consecutive patients, one retrospective case series with unknown consecutive status, and two case reports comprising six and two patients, respectively. Improvements were detected in cough-specific quality of life (Leicester Cough Questionnaire score) and cough severity (visual analogue scale score) following gabapentin treatment in randomized controlled trials. The results of prospective case-series showed that the rate of overall improvement of cough and sensory neuropathy with gabapentin was 68%. Gabapentin treatment of patients with chronic cough showed superior efficacy and a good safety record compared with placebo or standard medications. Additional randomized and controlled trials are needed.
Cough* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Review Literature as Topic

Accurate classification of the acetabular injuries and appropriate treatment plan are great challenges for orthopedic surgeons because of the irregular anatomical structure of the acetabulum and aggregation of important vessels and nerves around it. Letournel-Judet classification system has been widely applied to classify acetabular fractures. However, there are several limitations, including incomplete inclusion of fracture types, difficulty in understanding and insufficient guidance for surgical treatment, etc. Serious complications such as traumatic arthritis are common due to wrong classification and diagnosis and improper selection of surgical strategy, which brings a heavy burden to the society and families. Three-column classification, based on anatomic characteristics, has advantages of containing more fracture types and being easy to understand, etc. To solve the problems existing in the diagnosis and treatment process based on Letournel-Judet classification, achieve accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with acetabular fractures, and obtain satisfactory prognosis, the Orthopedic Trauma Emergency Center of Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University and the Trauma Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Orthopedic Association organized experts from relevant fields to formulate the Expert consensus on the accurate diagnosis and treatment of acetabular fractures based on three-column classification ( version 2023) in terms of principles of evidence-based medicine. Based on the three-column classification, 15 recommendations were proposed, covering the diagnosis, treatment, complication prevention and management, etc, so as to provide reference for accurate diagnosis and treatment of acetabular fractures.

Infectious bone defect is bone defect with infection or as a result of treatment of bone infection. It requires surgical intervention, and the treatment processes are complex and long, which include bone infection control,bone defect repair and even complex soft tissue reconstructions in some cases. Failure to achieve the goals in any step may lead to the failure of the overall treatment. Therefore, infectious bone defect has been a worldwide challenge in the field of orthopedics. Conventionally, sequestrectomy, bone grafting, bone transport, and systemic/local antibiotic treatment are standard therapies. Radical debridement remains one of the cornerstones for the management of bone infection. However, the scale of debridement and the timing and method of bone defect reconstruction remain controversial. With the clinical application of induced membrane technique, effective infection control and rapid bone reconstruction have been achieved in the management of infectious bone defect. The induced membrane technique has attracted more interests and attention, but the lack of understanding the basic principles of infection control and technical details may hamper the clinical outcomes of induced membrane technique and complications can possibly occur. Therefore, the Chinese Orthopedic Association organized domestic orthopedic experts to formulate An evidence-based clinical guideline for the treatment of infectious bone defect with induced membrane technique ( version 2023) according to the evidence-based method and put forward recommendations on infectious bone defect from the aspects of precise diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, operation procedure, postoperative management and rehabilitation, so as to provide useful references for the treatment of infectious bone defect with induced membrane technique.