Objective: The Behavior Preference for Network Game Questionnaire (BPNGQ) was developed. The aim of this study was to provide a measurement for cyberpsychology. Methods: Through interview to players, we formed the pretest of BPNGQ. Then 422 players did the pretest, and 324 players did Internet Addiction Inventory (IAI) at the same time. Results: The item difficulties of all items ranged from 0.2 to 0.7. The discriminations of 70.18% items were good. Factor analyses divided scales into five factors, which were energy of devotion, emotion of devotion, behavior of aggression, emotion of aggression and attitude of aggression. The reliabilities of the subscales and full scale ranged from 0.70 to 0.92. The scores of subscales were significantly positively related with Internet addiction. Conclusion: BPNGQ’s difficulty is appropriate, and it has good discrimination, reliability and validity.

Objective:This research mainly concerns the relationship between the behavior preference in network game and the trait of personality of players.Methods:This study surveyed 294 players by Behavior Preference in Network Game Questionnaire(BPNGQ) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ).Results:All scores in factors of BPNGQ ex-cluding emotion of agression had significant correlations with all dimensions of EPQ.In all traits of personality,there was significant differences between types of killer and relaxing,and no significant difference between catharsis and relaxing.Sanguineous players had lower scores in putting in energy and emotion of devotion.Bilious players had higher scores in behavior of aggression,and players of viscous had higher scores in attitude of aggression.Conclusion:Theory of behavior preference in network game has evidence of personality.Players of different personality traits display various preference in network game.

Objective: This research mainly concerns the relationship between the behavior preference in network game and internet addiction for players. Methods: This study surveyed 324 players with Behavior Preference in Network Game Questionnaire(BPNGQ) and Internet Addiction Questionnaire(IAQ). Results: There was significant difference in playtime and years of internet for achievement and killer. All scores in factors of BPNGQ were significantly correlated with IAQ. All scores in these factors excluding attitude and emotion of aggression were significantly higher for addictive players. All scores in internet addiction of four typing players excluding achievement and killer were significantly different. Conclusion: Scores of BPNGQ for players could forecast internet addiction. Players of different types display various addiction in network game. Too many behaviors of aggression in games lead to internet addiction for players.

Dynamic fluorescence molecular imaging is a kind of technique that can capture the dynamic physiology and pathology process in vivo by imaging the whole progress of absorption,distribution and elimination of fluorescence molecular probes in small animals.It has the advantages of non-ionizing radiation,fast imaging,high sensitivity and specificity,low cost,and has broad application prospects in basic and clinic medical research.This paper reviews the research progress in dynamic fluorescence molecular imaging from three aspects including system,algorithm and application.

OBJECTIVE:To study the mechanism of improvement effects of exenatide on mitochondrial function of H9c2 cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) condition. METHODS:H9c2 cells were cultured in vitro and were divided into blank control group,drug control group(exenatide 200 nmol/L),model group(H/R),pretreatment group(exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R),gluca-gon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) inhibitor [Exendin-(9-39) 100 nmol/L+exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R], cAMP inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS 1 μmol/L+exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R)group and PKA inhibitor(H-895 μmol/L+exenatide 200 nmol/L+H/R)group. Except for first 2 groups,H/R model was established in other groups,and they were given exenatide 30 min before modeling and relevant inhibitor 10 min before giving exenatide. Morphology of mitochondria was observed by TEM,and mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+m)and the mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm)were determined by flow cytometry. Cellular ATP content was measured by microplate reader. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, mitochondrial cristae swelling was enhanced in model group,while density decreased,showing vacuolization;Ca2+m level increased while ΔΨm and ATP decreased (P<0.05). Com-pared with model group,mitochondrial cristae swelling relieved in pretreatment group,while density increased,showing vacuoliza-tion relieved;Ca2+m level decreased,while ΔΨm and ATP increased(P<0.05). Compared with pretreatment group,the levels of Ca2+m increased in 3 kinds of inhibitors group,while ΔΨm and ATP decreased(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Exenatide attenuates H9c2 cell mitochondria Ca2+m accumulation,increases ΔΨm and ATP production. Which indicate its mechanism may be associated with activating GLP-1R/cAMP/PKA pathway.

Objective To investigate the effects of folic acid on apoptosis of neural cells after focal cerebral ischemia injury in rats and the mechanisms.Method Thirty two adult male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(SO),middle cerebral artery occlusion group(MCAO),MCAO+ low dose folic acid group(MCAO+FA-L) and MCAO+ high dose folic acid group(MCAO+FA-H).The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) was set up by using intraluminal filament method.The rats were sacrificed at D7 day after cerebral ischemia.The apoptotic rate of neural cells was examined by TUNEL test,and the expression of pERK1/2 protein was detected by Western blotting method,The MDA content and serum SOD and GSH-Px activities in rats were measured before and 28d after folic acid treatment and 7th day after ischemia.Results Compared with ischemia group,the apoptotic rate of neural cells and MDA content in both folic acid supplemented groups were decreased significantly(P

Objective To analyze the usual death causes of cardiovascular disease and the differences in gender and age .Methods By adopting the retrospective study method ,the clinical data of death cases in cardiovascular disease were collected and analyze on the situation suffering from cardiovascular disease ,direct death causes ,gender and age difference .Results (1) among 181 cases of cardiovascular disease death ,coronary heart disease(115/181 ,64% ) and hypertension(96/181 ,53% ) were the most common dis-ease ,lung infection(104/181 ,57% ) was the most common complication ;(2)There was no significant difference in the situation suf-fering from basic diseases between male and female(P>0 .05);(3)The basic diseases in cardiovascular death cases aged over 60 years old were dominated by coronary heart disease and hypertension ;the proportion of complicating pulmonary infection was grad-ually increased with age increase ;(4) in the direct death causes ,the top 3 places were sudden cardiac death (44/181 ,24 .3% ) ,multi-ple organ dysfunction syndrome(24/181 ,13 .3% ) and cardiogenic shock(24/181 ,13 .3% ) .Conclusion Strengthening the manage-ment of diagnosis and treatment on elderly patients with coronary heart disease ,hypertension ,especially those complicating diabe-tes ,strengthening the treatment intervention of lung infection in cardiovascular disease population and conducting the emphasis pro-tection on the target organ function may reduce the mortality of cardiovascular inpatients .

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of intensive rehabilitation training on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Methods101 children with cerebral palsy were divided into routine group (n=51) and trunk group (n=50). They were assessed with Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) before and after treatment. ResultsThe scores of GMFM improved in both group after treatment. There was significant difference between them 6 months after treatment (P<0.05), but not within 3 months (P＞0.05). ConclusionIntensive rehabilitation training can improve the recovery of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND: Lidocaine is deemed to can attenuate the inflammatory response, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a key process of imflammatory response. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of lidocaine on activation and apoptosis of NF-κB in human neutrophiis in vitro. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The controlled experiment was conducted at the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology from October 2006 to February 2007. MATERIALS: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (0127:B8) was purchased from Sigma, USA. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from healthy donors after their informed consent. METHODS: Human neutrephilic granulocytes were assigned into five groups: ① saline control, ② TNF-α, ③ TNF-α+ lidocaine 1.0 mmol/L, ④ TNF-α+ lidocaine 2.0 mmol/L, and ⑤ TNF-α+ lidocaine 4.0 mmol/L groups. Incubation wasperformed for 3 hours.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effects of lidocaine on expression of NF- κB mRNA and I- κB mRNA in the cytosol extracts were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and content of p65 protein were analyzed by Western blot. Neutrophilic granulocyte apoptosis was detected on flow cytomatry after incubation 12 hours and 24 hours.RESULTS: The expression of NF- κB mRNA in the nuclear extracts was significantly decreased and I- κB mRNA in the cytosoI extracts was markedly increased in the lidocaine group. The expression of NF- κB was significantly better in the 2.0 mmol/L and 4.0 mmol/L lidocaine groups than in the 1.0 mmol/L lidocaine group (P< 0.05). No significant difference was detected between the 2.0 mmol/L lidocaine group and the 4.0 mmol/L lidocaine group (P0.05). Lidocaine could significantly inhibit peripheral blood neutrophilic granulocyte apoptosis induced by TNF-α (p < 0.05). The inhibitory effect was significantly better in the 4.0 mmol/L lidocaine group than in the 1.0 mmol/L lidocaine group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Lidocaine (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mmol/L) can down-regulate the expressions of NF- κB subunit p65 mRNA and the content of p65 protein in human polymorphoneclear neutrophils, and can significant reverse the reduction of apoptosis induced by TNF-α.

Electrocardiographic (ECG) signal are a kind of basic physiological signals of human body, and are very important in clinical diagnosis. But the ECG signals from body surface are often interfered by noises such as 50 Hz noise, baseline displacemant, electromyography (EMG) noise and edv. These noises bring obstacle to the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. To eliminate the ECG signals noises mentioned above,this paper adopts LMS adaptive algorithm and wavelet transform theory to design three kinds of digital adaptive filters-adaptive noise cancellation filter, wavelet transform filter and adaptive signal dividing filter to filter the corresponding noises. The results show that the three kinds of noises existing in the ECG signal have been efficiently eliminated.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; Fourier Analysis ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; instrumentation ; Stochastic Processes ; Time Factors