OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for preparation and quality control of compound dexamethasone liniment.METHODS:The compound dexamethasone liniment were prepared with dexamethasone acetate and vitamin E,the contents were determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The calibration curves of dexamethasone acetate and vitamin E were linear in the range of2～40?g/ml and80～800?g/ml respectively,and their average recoveries were100.5%(RSD=0.82%)and98.6%(RSD=0.59%)respectively.CONCLUSION:The preparation is reasonable in formula,simple and accurate in quality control.

Objective: To observe the effect of carboxyl-amino-polysaccharide on the gastric ulcer. Methods: Various rat models of gastric ulcer were established respectively by ethanol, aspirin, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and bound stress in water bath. Results: Inhibitory rates of carboxyl polysaccharide in the dose of 0.5, 0.33, 0.17g/kg were 42.09%, 35.55%and 33.53%for the ethanol-induced model; 53.65%, 49.48%, and 49.76%for the aspirin-induced model; 51.48%, 44.09%, and 33.64%for the hydrochloric-acid-induced model, 49.44%, 46.23%, and 45.10%for the acetic-acid-induced model and 50.12%, 44.63%and 41.92%for the bound-stress-induced model respectively. Conclusion: Carboxyl-amino-polysaccharide can prevent and treat gastric ulcer. Its effect is similar to that of denol, famotidine and cimetidine.

BACKGROUND: Glucose is an important factor on differentiation of pancreatic duct stem cells, it relates to the quantity and secretion function of insulin-producing cells after differentiation.OBJECTIVE: To compare the insulin secretion capacity of the differentiated rat pancreatic stem cells induced by various glucose concentrations.METHODS: Rat stem cells were isolated and purified from pancreatic duct cells using collagenase V and Ficoll-400. These stem cells were randomly divided into 10 groups. Every group was induced to culture, proliferate, differentiate and form insulin- producing cells in vitro. The differentiation of all groups was performed in medium with different concentrations of glucose. The immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the pancreatic duct stem cells. The electrochemical luminescence method was used to detect the insulin release from stem cell differentiated islets.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The stimulation index of glucose 20.6, 25.6, 30.6 mmol/L groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between each two groups among these three groups (P > 0.05). The insulin releasing of glucose 15.6, 20.6, 25.6 groups was higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between each two groups among these three groups (P > 0.05). The best insulin secretion capacity of insulin-producing cells can be gained by controlling concentration of glucose as 20.6-25.6 mmol/L when pancreatic duct stem cells differentiated into insulin-producing cells.

Objective To explore the effect of collaborative nursing on the quality of life and nursing of stroke patients. Methods Toally 84 care-givers for 84 stroke patients hospitalized during February 2014 to March 2016 were chosen. In the control group(hospitalized from Feburary 2013 to Feburary 2014), traditional nursing was carried out, while in the research group(hospitalized from March 2014 to March 2016), the collaborative care intervention was done. The comparisons were done between the two groups in terms of quality of life and care ability by the GHQ-28 quality of life scale assessment, family caregiver task inventory (FCTI) before the intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, the two groups had no significant differences in life quality and care ability (all P > 0.05). After the intervention, the scores on symptoms, anxiety, depression, insomnia and social dysfunction were all significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). The scores on the care role, strain, assistance, personal emotion control, family assessment and community resources, and adjustment of life to meet the care needs were all significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions The collaborative care is effective in improving the quality of life of stroke patients. It can improve the care ability of the caregiver.

Objective To compare the long-term effectiveness of anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies vs.rabbit antithymocyte globulin as induction therapy in kidney transplantation.Methods Between 2006 and 2010,371 recipients of kidney transplants were treated with calcineurin inhibitors (CNI),mycophenolate mofetil and prednisone.261 patients of them received induction therapy with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies (IL2Ra group),and 88 patients received rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG group).All the patients received ganciclovir against cytomegalovirus and SMZ against pneumocystis carinii.The data of delayed graft function (DGF),the rate of acute rejectin (AR) and infection in the first year and patient/allograft long survival rate in two groups were retrospectively analyzed during a follow-up period of 1 to 5 years postoperatively.Results There was no significant difference in the sex,age and causes of end-stage renal disease between the two groups.The rATG group had more kidney transplants from deceased donors (P＜0.01 ) and the cold ischemia time was longer than that of the IL2Ra group (P＜0.01 ).The IL2Ra group and the rATG group had similar incidence of DGF (3.1％ vs.1.8％,P＞0.05).One year after operation,the incidence of AR in IL2Ra group and rATG group was 10.7％ and 2.7％ respectively (P＜0.05),and the incidence of infection in IL2Ra group and rATG group was 14.9％ and 21.8％ respectively (P＞0.05).One-,two- and three-year patient survival rate in IL2Ra group was 98.9％,98.9％ and 98.5％ respectively,and that in rATG group was all 98.2％ (P＞0.05).The one-,two- and three-year allograft survival rate in IL2Ra group was 98.5％,98.1％ and 97.7％ respectively,and that in rATG group was all 97.3％ (P＞0.05).Conclusion rATG is more effective than IL2Ra preventing from acute rejection and does not increase the risk of infection for induction in kidney transplant recipients.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on enhancing rat islets viability and function in vitro by a pretransplant co-culture.Methods4-week-old Wistar rats were used as donors, bone mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and subcultured. Islets of Wistar rats were isolated and purified by one-step single-layer Histopaque-1077. Then islets were divided into four groups randomly, 2 groups co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (one using low-glucose medium; the other using high-glucose medium ); 2 groups were cultured alone (low-glucose medium; high-glucose medium), each group was further stratified into 3 subgroups(3, 7, 14 d); the survival and functionality of these islets were observed and evaluated. The amount of glucose stimulated secreted insulin were measured wth a rat/mouse insulin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and stimulation index was also calculated.ResultsCompared with those not co-cultured, islets co-cultured with MSCs demonstrated significantly higher survival rates and viability both in 3th, 7th and 14th day ( P ＜ 0. 01 ); furthermore, cocultured islets revealed higher levels of glucose stimulated insulin secretion and secretion indexes in 7th day (P＜0.01).ConclusionRat islet cells co-cultured with MSCs have longer in vitro survival and better functions.

Objective To investigate whether the implanted spike wave electrical stimulation (ES) can improve survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after transplantation in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. MethodsIn the study,60 male SD rats were used to prepare the SCI induced by a digital weight drop apparatus.The MSCs from each rat' s femurs were collected and then labeled by Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) seven days after SCI.The rats were randomly assigned into four groups,ie,group A (receiving a transplantation of MSCs only),group B (receiving electro-stimulant therapy only),group C ( receiving a transplation of MSCs and electro-stimulant therapy) and the control group ( receiving a single injection of phosphate buffer solution,PBS).Functional status was assessed regularly before and after SCI by using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating score and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP).The recovery of spinal cord was checked by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the survivorship of the labeled MSCs was observed with immunohistochemical method. Results BBB score of group C demonstrated significant difference in comparison with that of the other three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 )and was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜0.01 ) four weeks after surgery,which indicated an obvious functional improvement of the extremity mobility in group C.At the 8th week postoperatively,SEP study displayed significant difference in group C from the other three groups in terms of latency and wave amplitude (P ＜0.05 ),indicating the fast neurofunctional recovery of the spinal cord in group C.MR images of the spinal cords by DTI showed the same outcome.Immunohistochemistry confirmed a large number of the labeled MSCs positive cells in the lesion site of group C.ConclusionTheimplanted spike wave ES promotes the bioactivity and survival of MSCs and improves the therapeutic effect in combination with MSCs transplantation.

Objective To evaluate salmeterol/fluficasone combined with N-acetylcysteine in treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Sixty patients with stable COPD were randomized into treatment group(n = 30) and control group(n = 30). Patients in control group were given salmeterol/fluticasone twice per day ; while patients in treatment group in addition to salmeterol/ fluticasone, also took N-acetylcysteine 0.6 g three times per day. The course of treatment lasted for four weeks. Pulmonary function was measured in all patients; interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), superoxide dismntase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood serum and induced sputum were determined. The white cell count and classification in sputum smear was examined and the quality of life (QOL) of patients was evaluated. Results FEV1, FEV1 %, QOL evaluation, IL-8, TNF-α, white cell count and the percentage of neutrophil granulocytes in induced sputum after treatment were significantly improved compared with those before treatment in control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). FEV1, FEV1%, QOL evaluation, SOD and MDA in blood serum, IL-8, TNF-α, SOD and MDA, total white cell count, the percentage of neutrophil granulocytes and macrophage in induced sputum after treatment were significantly improved in treatment group (P <0. 05 or P <0.01). The differences in SOD and MDA in blood serum and the percentage of neutrophil granulocytes in induced sputum smear between treatment group and control group were staffsticaUy significant (93 ± 8) × 10-6 U/L, (4. 0 ± 1.0) × 10-3 mmol/L and 0. 5 ± 0. 3 vs (85 ± 10) ×10-6U/L,(4.2±1.1) ×10-3mmol/Land0.6±0.2; allP<0.05. Conclusion Combination of salmeterol/fluticasone and N-acetylcysteine has better therapeutic results in treatment of airway inflammation of stable COPD.

This paper is to investigate how the different energy impact the accuracy of X-ray Voxel Monte Carlo (XVMC) algorithm when it is applied for dose calculation in Kilovoltage cone beam CT(kv-CBCT) images. The CIRS model 062 was used to calibrate the CT numbers-relative electron density table of CT and CBCT images. CT and CBCT scans were performed when simulation model of human head-and-neck placed in same position to simulate locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 6MV and 15MV photon were selected in Monaco TPS to design intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans. XVMC algorithm was selected for dose calculation then the calculation results were compared and the impact of energy on the calculation accuracy was analyzed. The comparison results of dose volume histograms (DVHs), dose received by targets, organs at risk, conform index and uniform index of targets indicate a high agreement between CT based and CBCT based plans. More evaluation indicators show higher accuracy when 15MV photon was selected for dose calculation. gamma index analysis with the criterion of 2mm/2% and threshold of 10% was used for comparison of dose distribution. The average pass rate of each plane was 99.3% +/- 0.47% on the base of 6MV and 99.4% +/- 0.44% on the base of 15MV. CBCT images after calibration has high accuracy of dose calculation and has higher accuracy when 15MV photon was selected.
Algorithms ; Computer Simulation ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; methods ; Humans ; Monte Carlo Method ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Radiation Dosage ; Radiometry ; methods ; Scattering, Radiation

Objective To discuss the pathogenesis of the statin-induced rhabdomyolysis in renal transplant recipients.Methods We presented two renal transplant recipients who developed rhabdomyolysis in 2012 in our hospital.The clinical presentation,laboratory results,diagnosis and treatment of the two patients were analyzed retrospectively.The basic immunosuppressive agent of two patients was cyclosporine A.The recipients developed rhabdomyolysis following simvastatin lipidlowering therapy,and one patient suffered acute renal failure simultaneously.Acute tubular injury was confirmed by renal biopsy.Finally,the symptoms of the two patients were relieved completely,creatine kinase (CK) returned to normal after the satins discontinued and saline,sodium bicarbonate and diuretics were given.The renal failure patient underwent plasma exchange and CRRT,and the renal function returned to normal.Results The level of cyclosporine A should be monitored when the renal transplant patient was given statins,especially whose basic immunosuppressive agent was cyclosporine A.At the same time we should pay more attention to the symptoms of the myotoxic side effects and avoid using the drug which was also metabolized by CYP3A4.Conclusion Physicians should be aware of the potential risks of combined therapy of statins which are metabolized by P450CYP3A4 and cyclosporine A in transplant patients.If using it is advisable to begin with small dosage and monitor the CK level.