OBJECTIVETo assess the feasibility of using saliva for Schistosomiasis japonica diagnosis.

METHODSSchistosoma japonicum infected animal model was established. Pairs of saliva and serum samples from rabbits and chronic schistosomiasis patients were collected. Anti-schistosoma specific antibodies in saliva and serum were detected by indirect ELISA.

RESULTSThe specificities of antibody detection of rabbit saliva and serum were 93% (28/30) and 97% (29/30), respectively, and the sensitivities of antibody detection of rabbit serum and saliva were 100% (24/24) and 88% (21/24), respectively. A significant correlation (r = 0.5307, P = 0.0038 < 0.05) existed between anti-SEA IgG levels in serum and saliva. As with those in serum, anti-SEA IgG levels in saliva could reflect the state of infection and treatment. The sensitivity of antibody detection was 91% (29/32) for patient saliva samples and 100% (32/32) for their sera. 8 samples were positive in 140 normal saliva samples (i.e. 6% false positive rate) and 6 samples were positive in 156 normal serum samples (4% false positive rate). There was a significant correlation (r = 0.4227, P = 0.008 < 0.05) between specific antibodies in saliva and serum.

CONCLUSIONThe detection of specific antibodies in saliva can be used as a non-invasive immunodiagnosis method of Schistosomiasis japonica.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth ; analysis ; Child ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; analysis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rabbits ; Saliva ; immunology ; Schistosoma japonicum ; immunology ; Schistosomiasis japonica ; diagnosis

Objective:To compare the short-term clinical outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 91 patients who underwent radical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma at our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 48 males and 43 females, with aged of (61.51±7.18) years old. The patients were divided into the laparotomy group ( n=59) and the laparoscopic group ( n=32) based on the operations they received. The general data, perioperative data and complications of the two groups were compared. Results:There was no perioperative death in the laparoscopic group, but one patient died of abdominal bleeding in the laparotomy group. All other patients recovered from postoperative complications with treatment. When compared with patients in the laparotomy group, the operation time [(381.28±102.37) vs. (296.81±84.74) min] and biliary intestinal anastomosis time [(17.81±2.81) vs. (15.19±2.27) min] were significantly longer in the laparoscopic group. However, the postoperative hospital stay [(12.34±3.46) vs. (15.10 ± 4.48) d], bed rest time [(3.38±0.66) vs. (5.24±0.88) d], analgesic time [(4.31±0.90) vs. (6.22±1.26) d] and postoperative time to first feeding [(3.91±0.89) vs. (5.32±0.86) d] were significantly lower ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in amounts of intraoperative bleeding, numbers of lymph node harvested and incidences of postoperative complications between groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Under the premise of strictly indications, laparoscopic radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma was safe and feasible, and had certain advantages in promoting the rapid recovery of patients.