Objective To analyse the cloning and sequencing of mature fragment of human bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene. Methods The template DNA was extract from the human osteosarcoma cells line U-2OS by the single-step isolation method with isothiocyanic acid guanidine, the cDNA coding for the mature fragment of BMP-4 was amplified by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The mature fragment of BMP-4 was cloned into the vector pUC19, and sequenced by Sanger dideoxy-mediated chain termination method. Results The mature fragment of BMP-4 cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR and identified by sequencing. The computer search was done on Genebank, and the published DNA sequence of BMP-4 from Genebank (D30751) was chosen for a reference. Analysis showed that the homology and similarity of nucleotides and amino acids between cDNA of rhBMP-4 mature fragment and the published sequence of BMP-4 were both 99％ . Sequence analysis revealed that there were two bases mutations, one was at base 1 154(201) G C, this had no influence on the corresponding amino acids(Val), another was at base 1 222(269) C T, the mutation at the base 1 222 had turned the Ala into Val. Conclusion The mature fragment of BMP-4 gene has been cloned. The gene is of great significance in treatment of skeletal injuries and diseases.

Objective To compare the curative effect of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion by Wihse approach and posterior median approach in treatment of lumbar spinal canal stenosis.Methods Ninety-six patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis were treated with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion by Wihse approach (42 cases,Wihse group) and posterior median approach (54 cases,control group).The operation time,exposure time,exposure bleeding volume,length of incision,intraoperative bleeding volume,visual analog score (VAS) of nick at the third day after surgery,and VAS of lumbar and leg,Japanese orthopedic association (JOA) score and Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RDQ) score at 1 year after surgery were compared between the 2 groups.Results The length of incision,exposure time,operation time,exposure bleeding volume,intraoperative bleeding volume,VAS of nick at the third day after surgery and VAS of lumbar at 1 year after surgery in Wiltse group were (5.0 ± 1.2) cm,(20.0 ± 7.6) min,(150.0 ± 8.4) min,(10.6 ±5.4) ml,(125.5 ± 10.6) ml,(4.5 ±0.6) scores and (1.0 ±0.5) scores,and in control group were (8.0 ± 1.6) cm,(35.2 ±6.8) min,(162.0 ±5.6) min,(84.5 ±7.8) ml,(186.4 ± 15.4) ml,(6.8 ± 0.5) scores and (2.5 ± 0.8) scores],there were statistical differences between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.01).But there were no statistical differences in the VAS of leg,JOA score and RDQ score at 1 year after surgery between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Two kinds of approach transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions all have good therapeutic effect on lumbar spinal canal stenosis,but the Wiltse approach has advantages of small incision,less intraoperative dissection,less bleeding and low incidence of postoperative lumbodynia.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Cordyceps sinensis on dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis in rats. METHODS: SD rats were divided into normal control group, untreated group and Cordyceps sinensis-treated group. The rats in each group were fed with corresponding drug for 4 weeks. The rat's liver collagen deposition was observed with collagen staining. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) contents in liver tissue of the rats in 3 groups were determined with HCl hydrolysis. The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and type IV collagen contents were observed by Envision, and matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) activity was detected by the method of enzyme-picture. Type I collagen was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: The contents of Hyp, TIMP-2, type IV collagen, and the expression of type I collagen in untreated group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group, while those in Cordyceps sinensis-treated group were significantly lower than those in the untreated group. The content of MMP-2 in untreated group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group, while that in Cordyceps sinensis-treated group was significantly higher than that in the untreated group. CONCLUSION: Cordyceps sinensis can considerably relieve the liver fibrosis, and the mechanism may be related to promoting the degradation of the collagens.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of temporary hepatic venous occlusion(TACE-THVO) in transplanted hepatoma rat model and to compare the effect between the adriamycin or the athanol iodized oil emulsion. Methods The seventy five SD rats with transplanted hepatoma were classified into five groups. In the control group, TACE-THVO was performed separately by injecting the adriamycin or the ethanol iodized oil emulsion. Within one week, ten rats in each group were all sacrificed. Then the results were analyzed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.Results (1) Gross study results: within one week, the hepatoma volume in each group was reduced after therapy. The experimental groups showed a lower tumour growth rate than that in the control groups; (2) Light microscopy results: within one week, the area of the tumor necrosis and the capacity of the adriamycin or the ethanol iodized oil emulsion in the portal venous were increased in the experimental groups rather than that in the control groups. The area of the tumor necrosis with the adriamycin iodized oil emulsion was less than that of the ethsnol iodized oil emulsion; (3) Scanning electron microscopy results: within one week, the rough-surfaced reticulum showed a hydropic degeneration. There might be lipodol drop in the tumor nuceus, which appeared karyorrhesis. Conclusion The area of the tumor necrosis with the ethanol iodized oil emulsion is larger than that of the adriamycin iodized oil emulsion. TACE-THVO may be a effective therapy for the hepatoma.

Objective To study the effect of mixed purified autogenic and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods Thirty-six MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into the control group, the study group,the mixed group ( the ratio of autogenic to hematopoietic stem cells, mixed in different proportions were infused intravenously after 60Co irradiation. The study group were treated with daily intraperitoneal infusion of dexamethasone 1 mg·kg-1·d-1, while the control group were treated with intraperitoneal infusion of equivalent volume of saline daily. The changes of serum creatinine level, the urine protein excretion of the mice and blood WBC count were compared. Repeat measures ANOVA was used for data analysis. ELISA was used for anti-nuclear antibody detection Light microscopy, electronic micros-copy, immunofluorescence were applied to detect the pathological changes in renal tissue. Results Serum creatinine and urine protein excretion levels increased with time in the ontrol group, while those of the transplant group and the study group decreased. The reduction in mixed transplantation group and the study group was more evident compared with that of the allogeneic group. The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between the mixed transplantation groups and the study group (P＞0.05). The histopathologic damage was most serious in the control group as pathological injury score of most mice were in grade 3 or 4. The majority of the histopathologic damage of the allogeneic group was in grade 2. Most f pathological damage of the study drug group and the mixed transplantation group were grade 1 or 2. Conclusion Mixed hematoopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of murine systemic lupus erythematosus can effectively correct heavy proteinuria in murine systemic lupus erythematosus so improve the renal damage. It is a safe and effectively way to treat murine systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective To explore the effect of transforamen lumbar interbody fusion in treatment of lumbar intervertebral disk herniation with unilateral pedicle screw fixation. Methods Retrospectivly studied the clinical data of 36 patients with lumbar intervertebral disk herniation who were treated through transforamen lumbar interbody fusion with unilateral pedicle screw from January 2011 to October 2012. There were 22 male and 14 female patients, aged form 44 to 68 years old with mean age of 56. The lesion positions included 8 patients in L3/4, 17 patients in L4/5, and 11 patients in L5/S1. The data of operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, and postoperative drainage volume were collected. Therapeutic effect were evaluated by visual analogue score (VAS), lumbar vertebral score of Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, and Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI). Results Operation time was 65-100 min with mean time of 85 min. Intraoperative bleeding volume was 100-250 ml with mean volume of 135 ml. Postoperative drainage volume was 100-200 ml with mean volume of 150 ml. Followed up for 12-36 months with mean time of 20 months. No loosening, breakage of screws or displacement of interbody fusion cages were found in the follow up period. The rate of anastomosis was 100%(36/36). The VAS was (7.9 ± 1.2) scores before operation and (1.1±0.3) scores at the end of follow up period, there was significant difference( P<0.05). The JOA score was (10.2±2.6) scores before operation and (23.2±4.3) scores at the end of follow up period, there was significant difference (P<0.05). The ODI was (43.3±6.2) scores before operation and (15.2±4.3) scores at the end of follow up period, there was significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of transforamen lumbar interbody fusion with unilateral pedicle screw fixation is proper for the patients who are suffering from lumbar intervertebral disk herniation, which has advantages of less invasion, less bleeding, better stability, better effect, quicker recovery and less complication.

Objective To get the basic data of nasal figure of the Han nationality individuals in Xi'an area and provide for junsprudence and the reconstruction of skull. Methods Nasal height, length, depth and breadth of 313cases in Xi'an area, which had different age and sex, were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Image of MRI could clearly show the figure of nose and the position we selected were correct and accuracy. The specific data were: Nasal length (male:34. 47±4.29 ～52.20±3.47, female:33. 11±3.33～46. 94±3.83); Nasal height(male: 39.22±3.68～59.49±2.30, female: 33.89±3.95～51.75±3.68); Nasal depth(male: 11.89±1.76～16.68±2.48, female: 10.69±1. 81～16.46±2.04);Nasal breadth(male: 33. 09±3. 83～42. 49±2.72,female:32.00±1.94～38. 86±2.61). So the results were credible. Conclusion The nasal figure of individuals in Xi'an area is different as their different age and sex. It promotes that the influence factors of age and sex must be considered in the facial reconstruction and medico legally reconstructing skull.

ObjectiveTo study the cloning and sequencing of mature fragment of human bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene. Methods The template DNA was obtained from the human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS. By using RT- PCR method, the cDNA coding for the mature fragment of BMP-4 was amplified, cloned into the vector pUC19, and sequenced by Sanger Dideoxy-mediated Chain Termination method. Results The mature fragment of BMP4 cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR and determined by sequencing. Through the computer search on Genebank, the analysis showed that the homology of nucleotides and amino acids between cDNA of rhBMP4 mature fragment of this study and the published sequence was 99％. Sequence analysis showed that there were two differences, one was at base 1154 (201): G→C, which had no influence on the corresponding amino acids (Val). Another was at basel222 (269):C→T, the mutation at the base 1222 had the change of Ala to Val. Conclusion The mature fragment of BMP4 gene has been cloned. The results will be of great significance in treatment of skeletal injuries and diseases.

Objective To evaluate the value of GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay in the clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis and tuberculosis associated rifampin resistance. Methods A total of 851 patients admitted to the Guangxi Longtan Hospital from September 22, 2015 to May 25, 2016 were enrolled. The smear microscopic examination, solid culture test, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay was performed on each patient. Drug sensitivity test of rifampicin using proportion method was done on patients infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated by solid culture, and rifampicin resistance detection was performed on GeneXpert MTB/RIF positive patients. Bacteriological positive consistency test was performed on GeneXpert MTB/RIF and solid culture, and rifampicin resistance detection was compared bwtween GeneXpert MTB/RIF and drug sensitivity using proportion method. Culture and drug susceptibility testing were used as the gold standard, and the MTB sensitivity and specificity of smear microscopic examination, solid culture, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay was compared. Results Culture was used as the gold standard. Compared with culture, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of GeneXpert MTB/RIF was 95.48%(211/241), 94.91%(559/569), 87.55%(211/241), and 98.24%(559/569) respectively. The sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF for culture positive smear positive specimens and culture positive smear negative specimens was 98.78% (162/164) and 85.96%(49/57) respectively. Drug susceptibility testing was used as the gold standard. Compared with drug susceptibility testing, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of rifampin resistance measured by GeneXpert MTB/RIF was 98.70%(152/154), 92.98%(53/57), 97.44%(152/156) and 96.36%(53/55) respectively. The consistency rate of GeneXpert MTB/RIF and solid culture was 93.83% (Kappa = 0.847), and that of GeneXpert MTB/RIF rifampin resistance detection and proportion method for drug sensitivity was 96.38% (Kappa = 0.904). Conclusions The GeneXpert MTB/RIF detection is easily operated with high sensitivity and specificity compared with smear microscopic examination and solid culture, and it also possesses good consistency with solid culture and traditional drug sensitivity. Moreover, it could also be applied to diagnose the resistance to rifampin, which is very promising in application.