Objective To explore the imaging features and pathological characteristics of fibrous dysplasia of craniofacial bone. Methods 42 cases with fibrous dysplasia of craniofacial bone confirmed surgically and pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 35 cases with single bone involved and 7 cases with poly-bone involved. On CT images, the lesions appeared as glass-like change(79.3%). The main pathological components of the lesion were fiber and fiber-like tissue, which were low signals on both T_1 WI and T_2 WI, and the signal intensity was changed with the accompanied by hemorrhage, necrosis or cystic degeneration. Conclusion CT and MRI are the effective imaging modality in diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of craniofacial bone.

Objective Along with the increase of various kinds of communication facilities in our life, various frequency-bands of electromagnetic waves have been filling up our living space, and the probability of exposed to electromagnetic radiation for human being is growing day by day. Environmental electromagnetic radiation pollution has become a new public nuisance. The present paper systematically investigated the levels of environmental electromagnetic radiation in some administrative region of a city. Methods According to the methods of national hygienic standards(a little of change), compartmentalized gridding with a definite space distance of 500 meters, levels of environmental electromagnetic radiation were measured on the spots of the gridding center. Results Levels of environmental electromagnetic waves of 5-10 000 MHz did not exceed the limits of corresponding national standards, but at some detection spots, the maximum of comprehensive electrical field strength had been close to or reached to the limits of ultrashort wave and microwave hygienic standards. The levels of electrical field strength of 5-10 000 MHz in regions of central sowntown and medical organization were significantly higher than those in regions of manufactory and residence. The level of magnetic field strength of 0.009-1 MHz in region of central sowntown was the highest. According to the results of selective-frequency measure of 28-500 MHz, most of frequencies of environmental electromagnetic waves with high electrical field strength were frequencies of frequency-modulated broadcasting stations in the city. Conclusion The urban environmental electromagnetic radiation level is more higher nowadays than before. The regions with high electrical field strength mostly lie in the central sowntown and medical organization regions, and more attention should be paid to its potential effects on human health.

Objective To compare the value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting fetal spine and spinal cord dysplasia Methods Thirty women with complicated pregnancies,age from 22 to 41 years,gestation from 23 - 38 weeks,were studied with MRI within 72 hours after ultrasound studies and revealed 19 cases of fetal spine with irregular,7 cases of vertebral canal widened partly and 4 cases of anomalies of spinal curvature.Autopsy or imaging was conducted when pregnancy was terminated.A close follow-up was given for cases continuing pregnancy within 12 months after delivery.Results (1)Nineteen cases of fetal spine with irregular in ultrasound,the coincidence of antenatal sonographic diagnosis was 42% (8/19),the coincidence of antenatal MRI diagnosis was 89% (17/19).Seven cases of vertebral canal widened partly in ultrasound,the coincidence of antenatal sonographic diagnosis was 0,the coincidence of antenatal MRI diagnosis was 7/7.Four cases of anomalies of spinal curvature in ultrasound,the coincidence of antenatal sonographic diagnosis was 2/4,the coincidence of antenatal MRI diagnosis was 3/4.(2)By MRI study,one cases were conformed their ultrasound diagnosis,eleven cases were completed their ultrasound diagnosis,nine cases were made the same diagnosis as ultrasound and six cases were corrected diagnosis.By MRI and ultrasound study one case of hemivertebra,one case of butterfly vertebra and one case of dorsal dermal sinus were missed diagnosis.Ultrasond had limits and low specificity especially in fetal spinal cord.Conclusions MRI can show the spinal cord and its lesion intuitively and has advantages in displaying fetal anomaly of spine and spinal cord.MRI is a valuable complement to sonography in difficult cases and diagnostic accuracy can be significantly improved.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(pNETs)have a low prevalence,and may be func-tional as secreting biologically active substance or nonfunctional. With the increased understanding of this disease,new technologies are being developed for diagnosis and treatment. However,surgical excision re-mains the primary therapy for localized tumors and the cure rate is not ideal yet. In choosing the appropri-ate therapy for locally advanced/ metastatic pNETs,medical management strategy should be made in a multidisciplinary context. In addition to chemotherapy,there have been significant advances in targeted mo-lecular therapy.

Next generation sequencing(NGS)has made great progress, applied from science technology to clinical diagnosis in the past several years.With a simple, fast, high-throughput, and high-resolution feature, it has been believed to be one of the most potential technology in clinical tests, especially in individual tumor diagnosis and treatment, noninvasive prenatal screening, genetic disorders screening field.This paper will briefly review the application of next generation sequencing in the field of infection disease.

BACKGROUND: Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (NF-E2-related factor-2) is an important transcription factor to regulate anti-oxidative stress reaction. Some researches indicate that NF-E2-related factor-2 can be phosphorylated by numerous members of protein kinase C family. In order to investigate generant mechanism of microwave radiation on oxidative stress injury, whether microwave radiation can influence on anti-oxidative regulating system through NF-E2-related factor-2 or not should be further studied.OBJ ECTIVE: To analyze the effect of microwave radiation on phosphorylation of NF-E2-related factor-2 and activity of protein kinase C in vascular endothelial cells.DESIGN: Observational-contrast study.SETTING : Department of Labor Hygiene, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Vascular endothelial cell strain; H332PO4; Protein-A Sepharose (Sigma Company); mono-antibody of NF-E2-related factor-2 (H-300, Santa Cruz); α-mono-antibody of protein kinase C (Santa Cruz); glass microfiber filters(Whatman Company); gel scanning system (Gel Doc 2000, Bio-Rad); liquid scintillation spectrometer (LKB-117, Sweden).METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Laboratory of Electromagnetic radiation and Biological Effect, Department of Labor Hygiene, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from March to July 2003. ① Analysis of phosphorylation of NF-E2-related factor-2: Vascular endothelial cells were cultured with DMEM medium till the period of productive growth and incubated with 32Pi for 2 hours. And then, cultured bottle was maintained in water bath at 37℃ and performed with microwave radiation in dark chamber, whose reflectivity was about zero. It was regarded as radiation group, and the average power density of radiation was 30 mW/cm2; in addition, the duration of radiation was 30 minutes.Cells did not deal with microwave radiation were regarded as control group. Phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2 was measured at 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after radiation with immune coprecipitation-autoradiography technique and dealt with semi-quantitative analysis with gel scanning system. Cells in the control group were analyzed directly. ②Active analysis and expressional measurement of protein kinase C: Cells in the radiation group and the control group were dealt with the same cultured method, condition, radiation styles, dosage and environment as mentioned above. At 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after radiation, cells were split to extract plasma and membrane protein. Furthermore, activity of protein kinase C was measured with r-32P-ATP labeled liquid scintillation spectrometer; gray value of protein strap was dealt with semi-quantitative analysis with gel scanning system; staining degree of plasma was observed after immunocytochemical staining of protein kinase C. In addition, cells in the control group were measured and observed directly.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2 in radiation group and control group; ②Results of active analysis and expressional measurement of protein kinase C in radiation group and control group.RESULTS: ① Phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2 in radiation group and control group: Gray value of NF-E2-related factor-2 was higher in radiation group than that in control group at 2, 4 and 8 hours after radiation.Phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2 reached the peak at four hours after radiation. In addition, results of semi-quantitative scanning analysis showed that, at 2, 4 and 8 hours after radiation, phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2 was increased 33%, 261% and 141% in radiation group as compared with that in control group,respectively (t = 2.974, 4.209, 4.047, P ＜ 0.05), and then, fallen down to normal value 24 hours later. ② Results of active analysis and expressional measurement of protein kinase C in radiation group and control group: At 2, 4 and 8 hours after microwave radiation, expression of protein kinase C in radiation group was higher than that in control group,especially at the 4 hour. In addition, at 24 hours after radiation, expression of protein kinase C recovered the normal value. Results of immunocytochemical staining showed that staining of plasma was deeper in radiation group than that in control group at 4 hours after radiation. Moreover, results of r-32P-ATP labeled liquid scintillation spectrometer also suggested that, at 2, 4 and 8 hours after radiation, activity of protein kinase C was increased 36%, 93% and 47% in radiation group as compared with that in control group, respectively (t =2.801, 3.654, 3.035, P ＜ 0.05). And then, activity of protein kinase C was decreased after 24 hours, otherwise, activity of protein kinase C reached the peak at 4 hours after radiation.CONCLUSION: Microwave radiation can strengthen the phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2 in vascular endothelial cells during a special period; meanwhile, it can also cause the increase of expression of protein kinase C.Time effect of activity of protein kinase C is coincidence with phosphorylation level of NF-E2-related factor-2.

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)and diffusion tensor tractography(DTT) in viral encephalitis at 3.0T magneton. Methods 25 patients with viral encephalitis confirmed by clinic and 25 age-match healthy patients were examined by conventional MRI and DTI. The average diffusion coefficient (ADC) map, fractional anisotropy (FA) map and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) was acquired through image post processing technique. The ADC value, FA value of lesions and normal tissues were measured by region of interest (ROI) with the same standard and the results were statistically analyzed.Results In the acute stage of viral encephalitis: The ADC values were significantly lower than that in normal tissues of control group (P<0.01), FA values of lesions were higher than that of control group and had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). In the subacute and chronic stage of viral encephalitis: The ADC values were higher than that of control group and had statistical significance(P＜0.01), FA values of lesions were significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05). DTT imaging showed infiltrative changes of white matter fibers in the lesion areas.Conclusion DTI and DTT technique may provide some complementally informations and clinical diagnostic value for viral encephalitis.

Objective To establish a novel method for simultaneous determination of three ingredients (codeine phosphate, brompheniramine maleate and ephedrine hydrochloride) in compound codeine phosphate solution by using capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Methods Based on enhanced ECL intensity of tris (2,2′-bypyridine) ruthenium (Ⅱ) with codeine phosphate, brompheniramine maleate and ephedrine hydrochloride, as well as the linear correlation between enhanced sensitivity intensity and drug concentration, Parameters affecting separation and detection were optimized. Results Under the optimized conditions, we determined the linear range, regression equation and detection limit for the three ingredients. The relative standard deviation of ECL intensity for twelve consecutive injections of 1.0×10~(-5)kg/L standard sample of three kinds of drug was 2.89% for codeine phosphate, 3.76% for brompheniramine maleate and 3.32% for ephedrine hydrochloride, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained without interference from sample matrixes. Conclusion The method was successfully applied to the determination of three ingredients in oral solution of compound codeine phosphate, with the recovery rate of 100.4% for codeine phosphate, 101.9% for brompheniramine maleate and 99.8% for ephedrine hydrochloride.

BACKGROUND:With the development of technology,electromagnetic irradiation has been applied in many fields;meanwhile,health of people could be threatened by electromagnetic exposure.Reproductive system of males is the major target of electromagnetic irradiation.But under the condition of electromagnetic exposure,the change of testosterone and its mechanism remain unknown. OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of electromagnetic irradiation on steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(StAR) and cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage(P450scc) in the tissues of the testis of the adult rats,and to preliminarily reveal the molecular mechanism of electromagnetic radiation that affects the synthesis of testosterone. DESIGN:A randomized controlled study. SETTING:Department of Nuclear Medicine and Staff Room of Labour Hygiene, Institute of Field Surgery,Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS:The study was completed in the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Staff Room of Labour Hygiene, Institute of Field Surgery,Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from June 2003 to May 2004.A total of 75 male Wistar rats of clean degree II,weighing 180 to 220 g,were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,and groups of 3,6,24,72 hours after electromagnetic irradiation with 15 rats in each group. INTERVENTIONS:The rats were exposed to microwave with the peak power of 90 W/cm2 for 15 minutes successively,and all the rats survived the irradiation.The serum contents of testosterone of rats in the groups of 3,6,24,72 hours after electromagnetic irradiation and control group were measured by using radioimmunoassay(RIA) respectively;meanwhile the levels of the StAR and P450scc mRNA in testis tissue were also determined with RT-PCR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Serum contents of testosterone in the groups of 3,6,24,72 hours after electromagnetic irradiation and control group;the expression levels of the StAR and P450scc mRNA in testis tissues. RESULTS:The serum contents of testosterone,the StAR and P450scc mRNA levels at the point of 3 hours after electromagnetic irradiation were significantly lower than those in the control group,and they were decreased by 83.1% ,57.3% and 53.6% respectively(P< 0.01).At the point of 6 hours, although those were increased a little, but were still obviously lower than those of the control group, and they were decreased by 52.6%, 17.9% and 29.2% respectively(P< 0.01,0.05) compared with the control group, and were recovered to the normal level at the point of 24 hours, but the contents of testosterone, the StAR and P450scc mRNA levels were significantly reduced again after 72 hours, and they were decreased by 57.6% , 39.5% , 53.5% respectively compared with those in the control group(P< 0.01). CONCLUSION:Electromagnetic irradiation can affect the expression of StAR and P450scc mRNA in the Leydig's cells of the adult rats, thereby decreasing the synthesis of testosterone.

Objective To evaluate the effect of managed health education on psychological and nutritional status of patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and ascites.Methods One hundred and twenty one patents with decompensated HBV-related cirrhosis were enrolled for health education and randomly divided into two groups:61 patients received managed health education (trial group) and 60 received conventional health education (control group).In control group patients were informed with their condition and diet note by medical orders.In control group the hepatologists evaluated the baseline condition,nutritional status and quality of life,set up personal files of patients and followed up with communication and counselling periodically from June 2010 to August 2012.The psychological conditions were assessed with self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) ; nutritional status was assessed with triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and the quality of life was assessed with MOS 36-item shoort from healthy survey (SF-36).Results Before health education,there was no statistical difference in the scores of SAS,SDS,TSF,SF-36 and blood Hb,albumin (Alb) levels between two groups.After health education,scores of SAS and SDS were decreased in both groups (P ＜ 0.0l),however,which in trial group were lower than those in control group (39.9 ±8.8 vs.49.0 ±9.4 and 40.6 ± 8.8 vs.51.9 ± 10.1 respectively,both P ＜0.01).The TSF scores and blood Hb and Alb levels in trial group were higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The accunulated scores of 8 dimensions in SF-36 forms in trial group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The managed health education model can better release psychological pressures,decrease mental disorders,elevate nutrition status,promote health and improve quality of life than conventional health education for patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and ascites.