PurposeTo study the effect of phospholipid on the ability of HDL3 mediated cholesterol efflux from rat skin fibroblasts. Methods At the present of phosphatidylcholine (PC) or sphingomyelin (SPM), to measure the changes of HDL3-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux, cellulax phospholipid content and balance between free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester.Results① BSA (control) ,HDL3,PC,SPM, PC + HDL3 and SPM + HDL3 group mediated 4.70 %, 31.55 %, 7.35 %, 8.06 %,42.95 % and 46.98 % of cellular cholesterol efflux from the cells respectively. ② After the incubation of the cells with BSA, HDL3, HDL3 +SPM and HDL3 + PC, the cellular phosphorous content in PC(PC-p) and SPM (SPM-p) were 20.02,5.56; 17.56,5.28; 18.62,7.00 and 22.50,5.52 μg/plate respectively. ③ After the incubation of the cell with PC and SPM, ratio of free cholesterol to total cholesterol were 49.65 and 59.57 respectively. The ratio was 48.64 before incubation.ConclusionsO PC and SPM couldn' t mediated directly cellular cholesterol effiux, but they could enhance significantly HDL3 mediated cellular cholesterol efflux, and this ability of SPM was stronger than PC. ① With cellular cholesterol efflux,a part of cellular PC went out of the cells, but the content of cellular SPM didn' t change significantly. ③ SPM could induce cholesterol ester to convert into free cholesterol in the cells.

Objective To investigate the MR findings of fetal cleft lip (CL) and evaluate the advantages and limitations of MRI in the diagnosis. Methods Twelve pregnant women suspicious of fetal CL/cleft palate(CP) on ultrasonography were enrolled in the study. The findings of ultrasonography, MRI and following-up were compared. Results MRI and ultrasonography detected 12 fetuses with CL/CP. The following-up results showed 1 case with incomplete cleft lip and the other 11 cases with complete cleft lips and cleft palates. MRI and unltrasonography were consistent with the follow-up in CL detection, showing completed or uncompleted soft tissue interruption of the fetal lips with amniotic fluid filling which is high signal on T_2WI. On MRI, CP showed discontinuous of the soft tissue which were interrupted by long T_2 signal and communicating with oral cavity and nasal cavity. MRI missed 1 case and excluded 1 case of CP. Ultrasonography predicted 5 case of CL, excluded 1 CP but missed 6 cases. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in detection CL/CP was 91.7% (11/12), 90.9% (10/11), 100% (1/1) for MRI and 50.0% (6/12),45.5% (5/11), 100% (1/1) for ultrasonography, respectively. Conclusion MR imaging had advantage over ultrasonography in detecting CP, MRI is an essential when CP is suspicious on ultrasonography.

During coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the treatment of severe trauma has been impacted. The Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel corona virus pneumonia was published online on February 12, 2020, providing a strong guidance for the emergency treatment of severe trauma and the self-protection of medical staffs in the early stage of the epidemic. With the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council renaming "novel coronavirus pneumonia" to "novel coronavirus infection" and the infection being managed with measures against class B infectious diseases since January 8, 2023, the consensus published in 2020 is no longer applicable to the emergency treatment of severe trauma in the new stage of epidemic prevention and control. In this context, led by the Chinese Traumatology Association, Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association, Trauma Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, the Chinese expert consensus on emergency surgery for severe trauma and infection prevention during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic ( version 2023) is formulated to ensure the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe trauma in the new stage. Based on the policy of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and by using evidence-based medical evidence as well as Delphi expert consultation and voting, 16 recommendations are put forward from the four aspects of the related definitions, infection prevention, preoperative assessment and preparation, emergency operation and postoperative management, hoping to provide a reference for severe trauma care in the new stage of the epidemic prevention and control.