Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Philosophy, Medical

Adolescent ; Anticonvulsants ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; drug therapy ; Female ; Fructose ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

AIM: To investigate the risk factors associated with neovascular glaucoma(NVG)after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)for proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS: The PDR patients who received 23G PPV treatment at Shenyang He Eye Specialist Hospital from October 2015 to September 2020 and were followed up for at least 12mo with complete data were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of NVG during follow-up. The preoperative and intraoperative variables between two groups were compared. The cumulative hazard ratio for NVG was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 151 PDR patients(169 eyes)with a mean follow-up of 18.07±12.55(1～79)mo were included, of which 30(17.8%)eyes developed NVG, the mean time of occurrence was 6.27±4.01(1～17)mo, and 50%(15 eyes)of NVG occurred within 5mo after vitrectomy. The cumulative hazard ratios of NVG at postoperative 3, 6 and 12mo were 4.8%, 12.6% and 18.1%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative best corrected visual acuity(OR=3.077, 95%CI: 1.203～7.869, P=0.019), preoperative iris rubeosis(OR=7.897, 95%CI: 1.313～47.498, P=0.024), and contralateral NVG(OR=22.108, 95%CI: 1.562～312.861, P=0.022)were risk factors with the occurrence of NVG, while the number of intraoperative retinal laser photocoagulation(OR=0.772, 95%CI: 0.666～0.893, P=0.001)was the protective factor with the occurrence of NVG.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of NVG in PDR eyes after PPV was 17.8%, of which 50% occurred within 5mo after surgery. PDR eyes with poor baseline visual acuity, iris rubeosis, and contralateral NVG are prone to postoperative NVG, and sufficient intraoperative retinal laser photocoagulation has a certain protective effect. PDR eyes after PPV should be closely followed up for 1a.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of polymorphisms of metabolic and DNA repair enzyme genes and DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes in coke-oven workers.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-four coke-oven workers and 50 controls were recruited in this study. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) levels were measured as the internal dose of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure. DNA damage was detected by alkaline comet assay, and the value of 1.74 was used as the cut-off value to determine whether the individual's DNA damage was positive. The genotypes of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTP1, NQO1, mEH and XRCC1 were determined by PCR-based methods. With adjustment for urinary 1-OHP, age, sex, multiple analysis of covariance was used to study the association between genotypes and the ln-transformed olive TM and multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted OR and the 95% CI for the risk of DNA damage.

RESULTSIn 144 coke-oven workers, with adjustment for urinary 1-OHP, coking history and sex, the olive TM was significantly higher with XRCC1 280His allele than those with Arg allele (5.6 vs. 2.8, P < 0.01). The subjects with XRCC1 280His allele also have significantly higher risk for DNA damage than subjects with Arg allele (adjusted OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.00-7.14, P = 0.05) and the subjects with GSTP1 104Val allele have higher risk for DNA damage than subjects with Ile allele (adjusted OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.94-3.85, P = 0.07).

CONCLUSIONXRCC1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms might influence the susceptibility of DNA damage in occupational PAH-exposed coke-oven workers.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Coke ; poisoning ; Comet Assay ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; DNA Damage ; DNA Ligase ATP ; DNA Ligases ; genetics ; DNA Repair Enzymes ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Glutathione S-Transferase pi ; genetics ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) ; genetics ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo establish a HPLC-MS-MS determination method of artemether (ARM) and active derivatives DHA, and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of ARM after transdermal and oral administration.

METHODThe mice were divided two groups (transdermal and oral) by parallel design. ARM and active derivatives DHA in plasma of mice at different sampling time were determined. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 2.0 and by statistic analysis.

RESULTcompare oral administration, the pharmacokinetic parameters of ARM after transdermal, Cmax Tmax , AUC(0-t) MRT, had significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe artemether patch has long-releasing property.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Artemisinins ; administration & dosage ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Calibration ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the associations of polymorphisms of metabolic enzyme genes with urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in coke oven workers.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-eight workers from a coke oven plant and 69 controls without occupational PAHs exposure were selected in this study. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was detected by high performance liquid chromatography with florescence detector. The genotypes at I462V site in exon 7 of CYP1A1 gene, GSTM1, GSTT1, I105V site in GSTP1gene, Pst1 and Dra1 sites in CYP2E1 gene, P187S site in NQO1 gene, Kpn1, BamH1 and Taq1 sites in NAT2 gene, and H113Y, R139H sites in mEH gene were determined by PCR-based methods. Personal information including occupational exposure history, age, sex, smoking and drinking status was collected by the questionnaire.

RESULTSThe level of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene in coke oven workers [(5.61 +/- 1.04) mol/mol Cr] was higher than that in control [(0.74 +/- 0.32) micro mol/mol Cr]. After adjusting external occupational exposure category and smoking, coke oven workers with variant homozygotes at H113Y site of mEH gene had significantly higher urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations than those with heterozygotes, and wild homozygotes (6.41 +/- 1.09 vs. 6.24 +/- 1.08, and 4.62 +/- 0.95 micro mol/mol Cr, P < 0.05), and gene-gene interaction was found between CYP1A1 and mEH.

CONCLUSIONGenetic polymorphism of mEH gene could be a susceptible biomarker in coke oven workers which was involved in the individual susceptibility on metabolism of PAHs.

Coke ; adverse effects ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; genetics ; DNA Damage ; genetics ; Epoxide Hydrolases ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; poisoning ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pyrenes ; analysis ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the protective effect of Yixinshu capsule on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) in SD rats.

METHODSixty healthy SD rats were randomized into six groups: sham group, MIRI model group, Xinsuning capsule group, low, middle or high dose Yixinshu capsule. Acute MIRI rat models were created by reperfusion for 120 min after anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery for 30 min. The serum creatine kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde(MDA), blood viscosity, and infarction area of myocardium were determined.

RESULTYixinshu capsule could reduce serum CK, LDH, AST and LDH activity, improve the blood viscosity, and reduced the myocardial infarct size.

CONCLUSIONYixinshu capsule can protect against MIRI in rats.

Animals ; Blood Viscosity ; drug effects ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo examine the in vitro dissolution of forsythin in Forsythia suspensa powder of different particle diameter, in order to give guidance to the grinding process.

METHODHPLC was used to determine the in vitro dissolution quantity and dissolution velocity of forsythin coarse powder, fine powder and ultramicroscopic powder.

RESULTThe dissolution curves of Forsythia suspensa coarse powder, fine powder and ultramicroscopic powder were basically inconformity to Weibull distribution. Specifically, T50 was 11.8, 10.5 and 6.8 min, respectively, and Q45 was 78.22%, 81.91% and 90.76%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe superfine milling process can significantly increase the dissolution quantity and dissolution velocity of forsythin.

Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Forsythia ; chemistry ; Furans ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Powders

OBJECTIVETo detect the stability of PEGylated puerarin (PEG-PUE), in order to provide experimental basis for storage conditions of PEGylated puerarin.

METHODFirst, a method for determining the content of PEG-PUE was established. Next, a system study was conducted for the stability of PEG-PUE affected by different factors such as temperature, humidity, light and light avoidance.

RESULTPEG-PUE was severely degraded under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and light. It was also seriously degraded under high temperature.

CONCLUSIONPEG-PUE shall be stored under low temperature and in a dark and dry environment.

Drug Stability ; Drug Storage ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; Light ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between polymorphisms of metabolic enzyme genes and chromosomal damage risk in peripheral blood lymphocytes among coke oven workers.

METHODSOne hundred and fourty-nine coke oven workers and 24 referents without occupational polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) exposure were recruited in this study. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels were measured as the internal dose of PAH exposure. The 6 per 1 000 of micronucleus value was used as the cut-off value to determine whether the individual's chromosomal damage was positive. The genotypes of CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, CYP2E1, NQO1, NAT2 and mEH genes were determined by PCR-based methods. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted ORs and the 95% CI for the risk of chromosomal damage and to analyze the gene-gene interaction.

RESULTSIn 173 subjects, after adjusting the occupational exposure, age, sex, smoking and drinking status, the subjects with GSTM1 null genotype have significantly higher risk for chromosomal damage than subjects with GSTM1 positive genotype (adjusted OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.03 -3.91). Compared with the wild homozygotes at P187S site of NQO1 gene, the variant homozygotes have significantly higher risk for chromosomal damage (adjusted OR = 3.18, 95% CI = 1.18 - 8.62). The subjects with variant allele at H113Y site of mEH gene have significantly lower risk for chromosomal damage (adjusted OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.19 - 0.88). No significant associations were found for other gene polymorphisms and chromosomal damage risk. In addition, the gene-gene interactions were also found among GSTM1, NQO1 gene P187S and mEH gene H113Y polymorphisms for the risk of chromosomal damage risk.

CONCLUSIONSignificant associations between genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1, NQO1 and mEH gene and risk for chromosomal damage were found among occupational PAH-exposed workers, which related to the mechanism of PAH carcinogenesis.

Adult ; DNA Damage ; genetics ; Epoxide Hydrolases ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Glutathione Transferase ; genetics ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) ; genetics ; Occupational Exposure ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; poisoning ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pyrenes ; analysis ; Risk Factors