Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Northern ; Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glucocorticoids ; pharmacology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

The high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) are the main components of storage proteins of wheat,and play a critical role in determining the visco-elastic properties of gluten. There are both quantitative and qualitative effects of HMW-GS on the processing properties of wheat. Current knowledge of the molecular structures,compositions and properties of the gluten proteins of wheat is summarized in details,and the role of the HMW-GS in determining the quality of the grain for breadmaking and how their amount and composition can be manipulated leading to changes in dough mixing properties is also discussed systematically.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of liver function recovery in steatotic liver graft transplantations.Method From August 1st 2013 to July 20th 2014,a prospective clinical cohort study of liver transplantations was performed in Tianjin First Central Hospital.Multiple linear regression analyses were made for related factors with the degree of donor liver steatosis and the average total bilirubin (TBil) levels on the post-operative day 6 to 8,week 4,and month 3 and 6,respectively.Result Of 82 cases used for analysis,there were 28 cases of mild steatotic grafts and 54 cases of non steatotic grafts.The multiple linear regression analysis revealed the average TBil level on the post-operative day 6 to 8 was the only one index related with the degree of graft steatosis.By the same means,recipient age,the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level on the post-operative day 1,the average AST level on the post-operative day 2 to 3,and the degree of graft steatosis were associated with the average TBil level on the post-operative day 6 to 8.The AST level on the postoperative day 1,the average AST level on the post-operative day 2 to 3,and the degree of graft steatosis were associated with the average TBil level on the post-operative week 4.But only the AST level on the post-operative day 1 and the average AST level on the post-operative day 2 to 3 were associated with the average TBil level on the 3th and the 6th month post-operation.Conclusion Mild steatotic liver graft can result in increased TBIL level within perioperative period,but the graft function is not affected by it.The average AST level on the post-operative day 2 to 3 can effectively predict the prognosis of the graft.Objective Methods Results Conclusion

As basic electrophysiology signals of a human being, electroencephalogram (EEG) has been widely used in researches and clinics. The paper proposes a method for extracting rhythms of EEG, based on wavelet analysis. By using Daubechies mother wavelet, raw EEG is decomposed, and then we extract basic rhythms of EEG after interference is eliminated insome scales. This method not only eliminates interference well, but also extracts rhythms perfectly.
Algorithms ; Brain ; physiology ; Electroencephalography ; methods ; Humans ; Periodicity ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wavelet Analysis

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngitis ; therapy ; Young Adult

Background Studies determined that rapamycin has not only the antibiosis but also suppressing the auto-immunology.The treating effect of rapamycin on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) is still concerned.Objective This work was to investigate the therapeutic effect of rapamycin on EAU and study the effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokines which were secreted by T lymphocyte subgroup in EAU.Methods EAU was induced in 20 SPF male Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) R16 peptide emulsified in adjuvant.The rats were randomized into model control group and rapamycin injection group and 10 rats for each group.The rapamycin of 0.2 mg/( kg · d) 0.4 ml was intraperitoneally injected for the consecutive 7 days immediately after modeling,and the equal volume of normal saline solution was used at the same fashion in the model control group and 5 normal matched rats( normal control group).The ocular manifestation of the rats were examined under the slit lamp regularly.The retinal sections of the rats were prepared in the 14 days after modeling for the histopathological examination with hematoxylin and eosin staining.The ocular signs of inflammation and histopathological severity were scored based on the criteria of Caspi.Expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in rat retinas were detected by immunohistochemistry.This experiment followed the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by Tianjin Municipal Government.Results The scores of ocular signs elevated gradually from 6 through 12 days after modeling and slowly declined after that in the model control group.A same tendency was seen in the rapamycin injection group.The significant differences were seen in the scores of ocular signs between the two groups from 6 to 14 days( P＜0.01 ).The disorder of retinal structure and infiltration of inflammatory cells were seen in the model control group,but the retina layers were normal in the rapamycin injection group.The pathological score was evidently declined in the rapamycin injection group ( 0.90 ± 0.45 ) in comparison with model control group( 3.30±0.48 ) ( t =16.541,P＜0.01 ).The expressions of the IFN-γ and IL-17 in retina located in the outer nuclear layer,inner nuclear layer,internal plexiform layer and retinal ganglion cell layer with the weakened levels(A values) in rapamycin injection group compared with model control group,showing a considerably difference between them ( IFN-γ:21.16±4.23 vs 62.14 ±7.32; IL-17:49.86±6.59 vs 124.85 ±6.33 )(q=33.334,q=56.923,P＜0.01 ).Conclusions Rapamycin down-regulates the expressions of IFN-γ and IL-17 in retina and further eliminates the inflammatory response in the rat with EAU by the suppression of Th1 and Th17 cells function in EAU.

BackgroundStudies determined that Th17 cells are important inflammatory cell group in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis ( EAU ).Interleukin-17 ( IL-17 ),as a marker of Th17,is involved in the occurrence and development of EAU.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an immunomodulatory role,mainly by inhibiting the expression of Th17 in a variety of self-autoimmune disease.This is one of the current research focuses.ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of MSCs in EAU and their impact on IL-17 expression in the retina.MethodsMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of the femurs from 10 SPF Wistar rats and cultured and passaged.The third to fifth generations of cells were used in this experiment.EAU models were induced in 48 6-8 week-old SPF Lewis rats by subcutaneous injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) R16 peptide emulsified in adjuvant.EAU rats were randomly assigned to the model control group and the MSCs group.MSCs suspension (5×106) of 1 ml was injected via the rat tail vein once a day for 3 consecutive days after immunization,and the same amount of PBS was injected in the model control group in the same manner.Six matched normal Lewis rats were used as the normal control group.The inflammatory response was clinically examined under the slit lamp biomicroscope daily,and the histopathological changes of the retina were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining on days 9,12,15 and 20.The clinical and histopathological scoring was performed according to the Caspi criteria.Expression of the IL-17 protein in the retina was detected by immunohistochemistry on 9,12,15 and 20days following molding.The use of the animals complied with the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by Tianjin Municipality Science and Technology Commission.Results MSCs showed the fusiform in shape and vortex-like growth.Flow cytometry verified that presented the positive expression for CD29 and CD44 but absent expression for CD45 and CD34.The scores of the anterior segment were significantly lower ( U=2.815,P =0.005 ; U =2.768,P =0.006 ; U =2.900,P =0.004 ; U =2.855,P =0.004 ),and the retinal inflammation scores were lower in the MSCs group than the model control group at various time points ( U =2.345,P =0.019 ; U =2.559,P =0.011 ; U =2.166,P =0.030 ; U =2.373,P =0.018 ).Im mnunochemistry showed that the expressions levels of the IL-17 protein (A value) in the rat retina were 26.47±5.68,77.78± 9.65,47.02±6.68 and 26.59±5.94 in the MSCs group on days 9,12,15 and 20,and those in the control group were 45.34±4.63,105.95± 10.74,64.11 ±9.76 and 37.02±6.51,showing a significant reduction ( t =6.305,P =0.000 ; t =4.799,P =0.001 ; t=3.540,P=0.005;t=2.900,P=0.016). ConclusionsMSCs can inhibit the aggravation of EAU and suppress the expression of IL-17 in ocular tissue.

ObjectiveTo study the relevant effect of proinflammatory cytokines interelenkin-17(IL-17), -6 and endothelin-1 (ET-1) on statins attenuating no-reflow phenomenon after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rats.MethodsEighteen healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to body weight: sham operation, injury, preconditioning groups. The preconditioning group was given atorvastatin 2 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 and the other two groups were given the same volume of saline once. After 7 days, the rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate, and then the thoracic cavity was opened. The coronary artery of injury group and preconditioning group were ligated for 60 minutes, and then opened for 15 minutes, to establish the rat acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model. The sham operation group was was treated with a seam through the coronary artery without ligation. Eleetrocardiogram was checked before ligation, and ligation was carried out for 15, 30, 45 minutes and then reperfusion for 15 minutes. After reperfusion for 15 minutes, the thioflavine S and Even's were injected from femoral venous, then the heart and blood were obtained(keeping left ventricular only). Hearts were flushed with saline and sliced transversely into five to seven sections. Finally, observed at 365 nm wave length the existence of non-fluorescent areas, which was no-reflow zone. The level of serum IL-17, IL-6 and ET-1 was detected by ELISA. Results The electrocardiogram confirmed that the sham operation group had no ischemic damage and the model of myocardial ischemia- reperfusion was established in preconditioning group and injury group. The noreflow phenomenon could be observed under 365 nm wave length in preconditioning group and injury group. The ligated area[LA％, (57.34 ± 11.49)％, (53.08 ± 8.66)％] of injury group and preconditioning group was higher than that of sham operation group(0, all P ＜ 0.05); the area of no-reflow[ANF％, (48.96 ± 6.94)％, (21.37 ±3.35)％] of injury group and preconditioning group was higher than that of sham operation group(0, all P ＜ 0.05),and the ANF％ of preconditioning group was lower than that of injury group(P ＜ 0.05) ; the level of serum IL-17,IL-6 and ET-1[(151.67 ± 11.19) × 10-9, (167.89 ± 5.13) × 10-9, (322.37 ± 19.08) × 10-9 g/L] of injury group was higher than those of sham group and preconditioning operation group[(49.75 ± 14.06) × 10-9, (59.32 ± 5.26) ×10-9, (109.9 ± 12.12) × 10-9, (90.45 ± 11.63) × 10-9, (112.47 ± 10.40) × 10-9 and(198.91 ± 27.88) × 10-9 g/L,P ＜ 0.05], the level of serum IL-17, IL-6 and ET-1 of preconditioning group was higher than those of sham operation group(P＜ 0.05). Conclusionsno-reflow phenomenon is related with IL-17 and ET-1 which can promote the expression of IL-6, statins decreases the expression of IL-17 and ET-1, and then decreases the on-reflow phenomenon.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Ningdong Granule (NG) on serum levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) of children patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS).

METHODSTotally 90 TS children patients were randomly assigned to the NG group, the NG + Tiapride group (abbreviated as the combined treatment group), and the Tiapride group, 30 in each group. Besides,another 30 healthy children were recruited as the healthy control group. Patients in the NG group were treated with NG (consisting of all gastrodia rhizome, Codonopsis pilosula, Ophiopogon japonicus, white peony root, Rhinocerotidae, oyster, earthworm, licorice root, etc.), one dose daily, administered by dissolving it in boiled water, taken in two portions in the morning and in the evening respectively. Patients in the Tiapride group took Tiapride Tablet, 50 -100 mg each time, twice daily. The dosage was adjusted according to individual difference and changes of pathogenic conditions. The maximal dosage was 300 mg per day. Those in the combined treatment group were treated with equal dose of NG and Tiapride Tablet in combination. The treatment course was 3 months for all. Changes of pathogenic condition before and after treatment were assessed by Yale global tic severity scale (YGTSS). Serum levels of IL-12 and TNF-alpha were detected by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after treatment.

RESULTS(1) The total effective rate of the NG group, the combined treatment group, and the Tiapride group was 79.3%, 83.3%, and 67.9%, respectively. It was the lowest in the Tiapride group (P < 0.05). It was significantly higher in the combined treatment group than in the NG group (P < 0.05). (2) The post-treatment YGTSS score was obviously lower in each group after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.05). The posttreatment YGTSS score was obviously lower in the NG group and the combined treatment group than in the Tiapride group (P < 0.05), but with no statistical difference between the fromer two groups (P > 0.05).(3) Compared with the healthy control group before treatment, serum levels of IL-12 and TNF-alpha (pg/mL) were 124.95 +/- 22.78 and 209.52 +/- 21.69 in the NG group, 126.14 +/- 25.65 and 208.97 +/- 22.46 in the combined treatment group, 123.00 +/- 24.26 and 205.10 +/- 26.16 in the Tiapride group, being higher than those in the healthy control group (64.56 +/- 27.59 and 78.13 +/- 33.42; P < 0.05). After treatment, serum levels of of IL-12 and TNF-alpha were 104.67 +/- 16.84 and 183.01 +/- 24.95 in the NG group, 109.04 +/- 16.81 and 179.87 +/- 23.45 in the combined treatment group, significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05). But there was no statistical difference in serum levels of IL-12 or TNF-alpha in the Tiapride group between before treatment (123.00 +/- 24.26 and 205.10 +/- 26.16) and after treatment (117.75 +/- 16.79 and 199.76 +/- 33.21; P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNG could modulate abnormal serum levels of IL-12 and TNF-alpha in TS children patients, which might be one of its pharmacodynamic mechanisms for treating TS.

Adolescent ; Child ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; blood ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Tourette Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Objective To study a possible correlation between the duration of reproductive period ( from puberty to menopause) and the prognosis of ischemic stroke. Methods Female in-patients with acute ischemic stroke confirmed by CT/MRI in the Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 09/03/2006 to 08/30/2008 were enrolled in this study. The probable risk factors of prognosis were analyzed and recovery was assessed by modified Rankin score (MRS) at 6 months followup. Multivariate Logistic regression was used for statistic analysis. Results 371 female patients were enrolled. The average age was (66. 2 ± 10. 0) years; average menopause age was (48. 5 ± 3.9 ) years and average duration of reproductive period was (33.3 ± 4. 3) years. There is a negative correlation between the duration and MRS (OR =0. 285, 95% CI: 0. 095-0. 850, P =0.024). There is no correlation between menopause age and prognosis of stroke. Conclusions Duration of reproductive period is a predictor for prognosis of ischemic stroke. Patients with longer reproductive period have better prognosis.