OBJECTIVETo investigate the applications of percutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures and its related surgical considerations.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to June 2012,19 patients with pelvic fractures were treated with percutaneous hollow screws. There were 13 males and 6 females, with an average age of 41 years (ranged from 22 to 58 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accidents in 11 cases, by falling down from high place in 8 cases. Based on the Tile classification, there were 15 cases of Tile C type and 4 case of Tile B type. The indexes such as screw inserting time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, functional recovery and reduction conditions were observed. Fixation methods included sacroiliac screws, cannulated screw fixation of the pubic ramus and cannulated screw fixation of the pubic symphysis separation.

RESULTSAnatomical reduction achieved in 7 cases, satisfactory reduction 11 cases, and unsatisfactory reduction 1 case. Union time of fracture union ranged from 8 to 12 weeks (mean 10 weeks). Wound infection,ununion of fracture and nerve injuries were not found. According to the Majeed standards, 12 patients obtained an excellent results, 6 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures under fluoroscopy has several advantages such as less trauma, less blood loss, fewer rates of complications, reliable fixation and no blood transfusion, which can reconstruct the stability of the pelvic ring, but it needs adequate preoperative preparation and high requirements for the surgeon.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Radiography ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the efficacy on low back pain of cold-damp pattern between electric-thermal Bian-stone therapy and moxibustion box therapy.

METHODSForty-one cases of low back pain of cold-damp pattern were randomized into an electric-thermal Bian-stone therapy group (group A, 26 cases) and a box moxibustion therapy group (group B, 15 cases). In the group A, the electric-thermal Bian-stone was placed over Shenshu (BL 23) and Weizhong (BL 40). The temperature of stone was adjusted in accordance with patient's comfort. In the group B, moxibustion box was used over Shenshu (BL 23) and Weizhong (BL 40). The treatment was given once every day or every two days. Ten treatments made one session. The symptom and physical signs score of low back pain and the score of cold-damp syndrome were observed before and after treatment in the patients.

RESULTSThe symptom and physical signs score of low back pain and the score of cold-damp syndrome were all improved in the two groups (all P < 0.01). The changing rate of symptom and physical signs and syndrome were (37.04 +/- 32.68)% and (22.85 +/- 29.95)% in the group A, and were (47.29 +/- 22.08)% and (23.89 +/- 22.53)% in the group B, respectively, without significant difference in comparison between the two groups (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy on low back pain of cold-damp pattern treated with the electric-thermal Bian-stone therapy is similar to that of moxibustion box therapy. This therapy is characterized as more convenient, safer operation and less pollution.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; therapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion

Objective　To investigate the expression of TGF-β and TGF-β receptor in human breast cancer cell Bcap-37 inhibited by soybean isoflavones. Methods　mRNA and protein of TGF-β1、TGF-βRⅠ in Bcap-37 cells were examined with reverse transcription ploymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry after cells were treated with daidein or genistein for 1-4 d.The expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 was determined with TGF-β resistance test. Results　The TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β recepor increased in Bcap-37 cells at a concentration of 3×10-5 mol/L of genistein. No changes was found when treated with daidzein. Conclusion　Genistein may inhibit the proliferation of Bcap-37 cells and accompany with increasing expression of TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β receptor.

Objective To observe the anatomic and imaging morphology ofjugnlar bulb and its relationship with the surrounding structures, and to investigate the classification ofjugnlar bulb and its clinical significance. Methods We dissected 30 human temporal bones and studied multi-slice spiral CT imaging data of temporal bone of 120 cases and blood vessel cast mould specimen of the jugular bulb of 6 cases, to observe the morphology of jugnlar bulb and its spatial relationship with the surrounding structures. We made an imagined sagittal plane on the medial well of the tympanic cavity, with a horizontal tangent line of the proximal wall of the tympanic cavity and a vertical tangent line of the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity as coordinate axes (X axis and Y axis), respectively, so the 4 quadrants ( Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅳ, Ⅳ) were formed. The jugular bulb was classified intro 4 types according to the quadrant where its top was projected and subtyped according to its position on the inner or outer side of the plane. The operation via mastoid approach was simulated on specimen to observe the effect of jugnlar bulb on the operation route. Results Some jugular bulbs were flat type and others were prominent types. The classification in the group of CT image: type Ⅰ , 11 case (9%);type Ⅱ, 63 cases (53%);type Ⅲ, 25 cases (21%);type Ⅳ, 21cases (17%). The classification in the group of specimen: type Ⅰ, 1 case (3%);type Ⅱ, 11 cases (37%);type Ⅲ, 8 cases (27%);type Ⅳ, 10 cases (33%). Each type of the jugular bulb had different effects on the operative approach. Conclusions The classification method with the 4 quadrants is a simple and three-dimensional way to describe the position of the jugular bulb for imaging diagnosis or operative scheme design.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of tanshinone II A (TSN) on angiotensin II (Ang II) induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

METHODSVSMCs were cultured by explant attached method, and induced to proliferative cell model with Ang II. The effect of TSN in different concentrations on calcineurin (CaN) activity was detected by enzyme reaction phosphorus measurement; the CaN mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR; and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were observed by immunocytochemical method.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, Ang II could significantly stimulate the proliferation of VSMCs, showing obviously elevated degree of proliferation activity (P <0. 01). After being treated with TSN, all the indexes, including CaN activity, CaN mRNA expression and PCNA expression, were obviously reduced in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONVSMCs proliferation can be inhibited by TSN in a dose-dependent manner and the inhibiting mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of CaN activities and the inhibition on CaN mRNA and PCNA expressions.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcineurin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Down-Regulation ; drug effects ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; enzymology ; Phenanthrenes ; pharmacology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To provide an anatomical basis for endoscope-assisted presigmoid-retrolabyrinthine keyhole approach to the petroclival region. Methods Ten formalin-fixed adult cadaver heads were used in this study. A C-shaped postauricular skin incision about 6 cm in length was made to expose the anatomic structures, which were observed under microscope and endoscope. Results The distance from the anterior margin of the sigraoid sinus to the most posterior point of the posterior semicircular canal was 9.1±1.3 mm on the right and 9.6±1.8 mm on the left side. With appropriate adjustment of the endoscope and the angle of the microscope, the presigmoid-retrolabyrinthine keyhole approach allowed good exposure of the important structures in the petroclival region with also clear display of the cranial nerves and the adjacent blood vessels. Conclusion The facial and vestibulocochlear nerves and the posterior orifice of the internal auditory canal can be used as the landmarks for localization of the peroclival region and its surrounding structures.

Objective To study the anatomical features of medial wall of the glomus jugulare to provide the theoretical direction for surgery of the glomus jugulare. Methods Fifteen (30 sides)formalin-fixed adult cadaveric specimens were dissected under the operating microscope, and their structural features of the medial wall of the glomus jugulare and their anastomosis of nerves were observed; and 5 dry skull specimen were also employed to observe the bone landmark of medial wall of the glomus jugulare. Results The medial wall of the glomus jugulare is composed of endocranial opening of the jugular foramen, jugular process of the temporal bone and occipital bone, cerebral dura mater and the Ⅸ, Ⅹ and Ⅺ cranial nerves. A curve line was marked on medial wall of the glomus jugulare, finding that the cranial nerves and the cerebral dura mater are at the anteroinferior position and the posterior-up part is composed of the well of the jugular vein adhered to the petrous bone and cerebral dura mater. Cranial nerve Ⅸ travels at the anterosuperior part of its own fibrous sheath and the inferior petrosal sinus ostium separates it from cranial nerves Ⅹ and Ⅺ; cerebral dura mater separates the cranial nerves Ⅸ and Ⅹ. The cranial nerve Ⅹ and the accessory nerve are closely related. Interval of cerebral dura mater between cranial nerve Ⅸ and Ⅹ is clearly seen in 86.67％ (26/30) patients and illegible in 13.33％ (4/30). Hypoglossal canal travels of the bottom of the medial wall of the glomus jugulare. Conclusion The medial wall of the glomus jugulare is composed of endocranial opening of the jugular foramen,jugular process of the temporal bone and occipital bone, cerebral dura mater and the Ⅸ, Ⅹ and Ⅺ cranial nerves, and this information can help the clinicians during the operations of the jugulare foramen, so that the operation complications can be reduced.

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility and the related surgical techniques of laryngeal function preservation in surgical treatment of pyriform sinus cancer.

METHODSTwo hundred and thirty cases (stage I, 6; stage II, 10; stage III, 91; stage IV, 123) with pyriform sinus cancer were treated surgically from 1978 to 1996 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. The methods of removing tumor and repairing surgical defects were depended on the extension of lesions. The laryngeal and pharyngeal functions were rebuilt by normal tissue preserved with lesions entirely removed. One hundred and fifty-eight cases were surgically treated with laryngeal functions preserved and 72 cases total laryngectomy. The most of the cases received postoperative radiotherapy.

RESULTSThe overall 3 and 5 year survival rates were 67.4% (155/230) and 48.3% (111/230) respectively. For stage I, the survival rate was 5/6; stage 11, 70.0% (7/10); stage III, 57.1% (52/91) and stage IV, 38.2% (47/123); the 3 and 5 year survival rates in functionally preserved group were 67.7% (107/158) and 50.0% (79/158), while in none functional group were 66.7% (48/72) and 43.1% (31/72), respectively. 75.3% (119/158) patients have laryngeal functions (voice,respiration and deglutition) completely restored and 24.7% (39/ 158) partially restored(voice and deglutition).

CONCLUSIONSThe preservative surgery is feasible for the selected pyriform sinus cancer cases. Choosing and following optimum surgical methods is a prerequisite for improving the quality of life of the cases.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Larynx ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngectomy ; methods ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of serum glucose and lipids by on chronically lanthanum exposure in rat.

METHODSThe Wistar rats were treated with oral exposure dose 0.1, 2 and 40 mg/kg of lanthanum chloride (LaCl(3)) respectively, after 90 days the rats were sacrificed and the blood was collected for measuring the glycosylated hemoglobin A (HbA1c), the serum was used for measuring glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.

RESULTSThere were no any differences among the control and 3 dose LaCl(3) exposed rats on the blood HbA1c and serum Glu, TG and LDL-C levels (P > 0.05). The serum TC in 0.1 and 2 mg/kg LaCl(3) dose group rats were (1.38 +/- 0.14) mmol/L and (1.37 +/- 0.26) mmol/L respectively. It was lower than that of the controls (1.57 +/- 0.14) mmol/L significantly (P < 0.05), the serum HDL-C in 0.1 mg/kg dose group rats was (0.79 +/- 0.12) mmol/L and obviously lower than that of control group rats (0.93 +/- 0.10) mmol/L (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION0.1 - 40 mg/kg LaCl(3) chronically exposed have not greater effect on serum glucose, TG and LDL-C levels in rats, but the lower dose LaCl(3) chronic exposure might cause serum TC and HLD-C level decreasing.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Environmental Exposure ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; Lanthanum ; toxicity ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Triglycerides ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of bufalin on nucleus-mitochondria localization of human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) by exploring its effect on proliferation and apoptosis in human esophageal squamous carcinoma EC9706 cells.

METHODSEC9706 cells were treated with bufalin at various concentrations, and then the cell growth inhibition of EC9706 cells was examined by CCK-8 assay and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) was calculated.Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry with PI staining, and nucleus morphology of apoptosis were observed by fluorescence microscopy with Hoechst 33342 staining. The apoptotic index was measured by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. hTERT subcellular localization and protein expression were determined by Western blotting and multiple immunofluorescence labling combined with laser confocal scanning microscopy.

RESULTSThe proliferation of EC 9706 cells was significantly inhibited by bufalin along with the increase of processing time and concentrations (p<0.01). After the EC9706 cells were exposed to 100 nmol/L bufalin,the number of cells gradually decreased in G(1) phase and increased in S and G(2)/M phases(p<0.05). The typical nucleus morphological changes of apoptosis were observed and the apoptotic index was increased(p<0.01). The expression of hTERT decreased in nucleus but increased in mitochondria(p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBufalin can inhibit the proliferation of human esophageal squamous carcinoma EC9706 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. It can arrest cell cycle in S and G(2)/M phases and induce the apoptosis of EC 9706 cells. hTERT is localized in both nucleus and mitochondria,and can be partially translocated from nucleus to mitochondria during the bufalin-induced apoptosis.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bufanolides ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Telomerase ; metabolism