Humans ; Thyroidectomy ; ethics ; legislation & jurisprudence

It is one of the key problems for the development of Chinese medicine to standardize the diagnosis of syndromes. The authors mainly discuss the ideas and methods of the study of standardization of syndrome diagnosis by retrospective analysis, also put forward the following suggestions: (1) the main ideas of this study should be based on the comparison of the diseases and their relevant syndromes and the predictive diagnosis of syndromes by the effects of herbal prescription treatment; (2) they are important ways to carry out multicenter, large sample and perspective clinical trials on the basis of the investigation and study of literature, consultation of experts and retrospective case review, and following the principles of clinical epidemiology, and to use the methods of evidence-based medicine to do systemic evaluation on the criteria of syndrome diagnosis; (3) they are important sectors of the study of standardization of syndrome diagnosis to enhance the objective studies on the four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine, and to do the functional studies under the conduction of systems biology; (4) Both data excavation technology and computer intelligence are the important technique supporting this study.

Along with the changes of disease spectrum, medical models and health concept, people pay more and more attention to the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). With the effect assessment being changed from disease-based model to patient-based model, how to scientifically and objectively explain the validity of TCM has become the premise for further development of TCM and dissemination of it throughout the world. In this article, the authors analyzed the status quo and problems of the effect assessment of TCM, and proposed some general methods for clinical effect assessment of TCM, including formulating criteria for syndrome differentiation under the guidance of TCM theories, paying attention to quality of life, proper selection of indexes for outcome assessment, application of modern clinical study methods, such as the methods of evidence-based medicine and clinical epidemiology, designing randomized controlled trials, multi-subject co-operation, strict supervision of the quality of researches, and establishment of organizations for professional training.

Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; adverse effects ; methods ; trends

Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Skull ; abnormalities

To study the distribution pattern of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in fatty liver disease.

Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangiosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study clinical effects of short-segment fixation and injured vertebra bone grafting through injured pedicle for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures under MAST Quadrant retractor via a paraspinal muscle approach.

METHODSThe data of 42 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures treated from June 2009 to September 2012 were reviewed. There were 19 males and 23 females, with an average age of (55.2±11.9) years old. The mean injury time was (5.8±4.3) days. Fracture segments included T10 in 3 cases, T11 in 6 cases, T12 in 13 cases, L1 in 9 cases, L2 in 7 cases, and L3 in 4 cases. According to Denis classification, 9 patients were type A, 21 patients were type B, 5 patiens were type C, 5 patients were type D, and 2 patients were type E. All the patients were treated with short-segment pedicle screw-rod system fixation under MAST Quadrant via the paraspinal muscle approach. The operative time, blood loss, complications and the height of vertebra, kyphosis Cobb angle, VAS scores, JOA scores were measured before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the vertebral height and kyphosis Cobb angle were restored. Compared with preoperative results, postoperative vertebral height and kyphosis Cobb angle, VAS scores and JOA scores were all improved. But there was no statistically significance in vertebral height, kyphosis Cobb angle between postoperative at 1 week and 1 year.

CONCLUSIONInternal fixation combined with injured vertebra bone grafting through the injured pedicle for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures via the paraspinal intermuscular approach under MAST Quadrant is a safe, minimally invasive, effective and satisfactory method.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery