Objective To study the value of Oxytocin challenge test (OCT) in high-risk pregnancy with abnormal umbilical artery resistance and the clinical significance of performing the umbilical velocimetry during OCT. Methods One hundred and seventy patients with abnormal umbilical artery resistance but maintained forward diastolic flow and 178 patients with normal umbilical blood flow received OCT, umbilical velocimetry was conducted during OCT. If the umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI) increased more than 0.5 during contraction and OCT was positive, cesarean section was performed in the same day, otherwise, vaginal delivery was tried. Results The rate of positive OCT was 45.3% and 10.1% respectively and the rate of positive OCT with umbilical artery PI increasing more than 0.5 was 37.4% and 6.7% respectively in abnormal umbilical artery flow resistance group and normal umbilical artery flow group ( P

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; genetics ; physiology ; Enterovirus Infections ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; virology ; Humans ; Receptors, Virus ; genetics ; metabolism

Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Northern ; Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glucocorticoids ; pharmacology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To observe endoplagmic reticulum stress in bone tissue of fluomsis rats and further explore the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.Methods 48 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass.The control and low.calcium group were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet(0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water(sodium fluoride concentrations＜1 mg/L).High fluoride and low.calcium plus high-fluoride groups were fed with normal diet(0.79%calcium)and low-calcium diet (0.79%calcium)respectively,and both drank tap water containing sodium fluoride(sodium fluoride concentrations 221 mg/L).During experimental period,rats were measured body mass once a week with a stand diet and water available ad libiturn.The experimental period was 3 months.The biochemical techniques were used to test the indicators of oxidative stress and ALP in seFum of fluorosis rats.The total RNA was extracted from the one side of the femur,and the transcription level of Bip,Xbp1,CHOP and PDI were investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The level of MDA in serum of low-calcium plus high-fluoride group wag higher than that of the control[(14.74±3.11)μmol/L vs(10.15±1.96)μmol/L,P＜0.05];the activity of GPx was ma~edly higher in hish-fluoride group compared with the control[(3.87±0.41)×103 U/L vs(2.85± 0.55)×103 U/L,P＜0.05];the level of uric acid in sel'um was significantly lower both in high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the respective control and the low-calcium group[(73.95± 9.52)μmol/L vs(110.43±25.48)μmol/L,(54.32±22.09)μmol/L vs(101.71±17.01)μmol/L,P＜0.05]. The activity of ALP wag obviously higher in low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control [(24.77±4.57)×103U/L vs (12.91±3.97)×103U/L,P＜0.01)].The mRNA expression of Bip/GAPDH in bone tissue was markedly higher in bone of high-fluoride group and low-calcium plus high-fluoride group compared with the control(1.38±0.24,1.35±0.12 vs 1.14±0.06,P ＜ 0.05). The expression of Xbp1/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control and the low-calcium group (1.48±0.20 vs 1.02±0.25,1.07±0.25,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01);and CHOP/GAPDH in bone tissue significantly increased in low-calcium plus high-fluoride groups compared with the control(0.84±0.18 vs 0.52±0.07,P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions Accelerated osteogenetic action is seen in fluorosis rats,accompanied by oxidative stress and bone endoplasmic reticulum stress,which is likely involved in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.

Abstract:Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common liver diseases in the world. Long-term alcoholism causes a series of pathological changes in the liver, which eventually leads to the occurrence of liver diseases with an increasing incidence. At present, significant progress has been made in the pathogenesis and pathological development of alcoholic liver disease, but the relevant mechanism of ALD has not been thoroughly studied. It is necessary to improve the existing animal model or establish a new, more comprehensive animal ALD model to simulate human ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, especially rodents, are often used to simulate human ALD, and the ideal rodent ALD model can effectively simulate all aspects of alcohol in human liver. But so far, the commonly used animal models all have certain defects, and there is no complete animal model that can simulate human ALD. This paper reviewed the pathogenesis of ALD, related methods and influencing factors of ALD model, and provided a theoretical basis for relevant researchers to establish the ALD rodent model. 

Objective To investigate the value and clinical significance of congenital heart diseases (CHD)detection in twins.Methods A total of 1103 twins were included in this study(127 twins were at high risk for CHD).The fetal hearts were scanned by ultrasound using Yagel's heart examination method. Autopsies were done when the pregnancy was terminated.And blood samples from fetal hearts or umbilical veins were used to evaluate fetal chromosomes.A close follow-up was conducted for normal heart cases and another heart examination was done within three months after birth.Results(1)12 twins(1.09%,12/ 1103)had CHD.Among them,4 cases were from the high risk for CHD group(33.3%,4/12),and 8 cases(66.7%,8/12)were from the low risk pregnancy group.(2)Two twins suffered from the same CHD (one pair were both TOF,and the other pair were both rhabdomyoma).One pair of twins had different abnormalities(one baby was TOF,and the other was duodenal atresia with a normal heart).All three pairs of twins chose termination and autopsies were conducted.Unanimous conclusions between prenatal ultrasound and autopsy were obtained.Nine twins were CHD in one baby and a normal heart in the other baby.Seven of them had the same conclusion after delivery.(3)Two twins with CHD were found with fetal abnormal chromosome.(4)1091 cases were not found having any abnormality,however,one fetus from one twin pair was diagnosed with ventricular septal defect(VSD)with abnormal chromosome after birth,and one fetus from another twin pair had patency of ductus arteriosus after birth.(5)The sensitivity of Yagel's heart examination was 82.4% and specificity was 100% in twins.Conclusion Yagel's heart examination is an effective and time-saving method to scan fetal hearts in twins.

Ultrasonic microbubbles were used to open blood-brain barriers (BBB) with a reversed and limited behavior feature in the study, which could improve the brain-targeted delivery of anti-tumor drugs. The glioma rat model was prepared. Low-frequency ultrasound was combined with microbubbles to affect the permeability of BBB compared with the permeability of independently administered Evans blue (EB) crossing BBB. Time point and length of ultrasound were investigated whether they affect the permeability of BBB and the damage of brain tissue. The effect of the growth time of glioma on BBB permeability was explored. Only glioma had a very little impact on BBB permeability. However, ultrasonic microbubbles opened the BBB with the features of temporary, limited and reversed behavior and improved EB and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent penetrating BBB. A length of 30 s ultrasound is appropriate for opening BBB and no damage of brain tissue. Drugs should be injected before ultrasound so that they enter into brain as BBB opening. Ultrasonic microbubbles can open BBB effectively and safely, which improve drugs penetrating BBB under proper time point and length.
Animals ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; Contrast Media ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Glioma ; drug therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microbubbles ; Permeability ; Rats ; Ultrasonics

To explore the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by comparing the therapeutic efficacy of methods for fortifying the spleen and replenishing qi, warming yang and fortifying the spleen and warming yang to move water.

Sailuotong (SLT) is a compound preparation composed of ginseng, ginkgo and saffron for the treatment of vascular dementia In order to identify its material foundation and provide evidence for therapeutic regimen, the pharmacokinetics and brain distribution of ginsenosides were investigated after intragastric administration of SLT. An LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of 7 ginsenosides in rat plasma simultaneously. Statistical analysis of obtained data demonstrated that the method has achieved the desired linearity, precision, accuracy and sensitivity. After administration of SLT at 60 mg x kg(-1) dose, 7 ginsengosides were all absorbed into systematic circulation. The quantitative and statistical analysis of gensenosides in plasma showed that protopanaxdiol saponins exhibited higher concentration and longer half life than protopanaxatriol saponins. The mean value of half life of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rb2/b3, Rc and Rd were 15.26, 2.46, 18.41, 27.70, 21.86 and 61.58 h respectively. The peak concentration of them were 7.15, 2.83, 55.32, 30.22, 21.42, 8.81 microg x L(-1) respectively. The determination of brain distribution at different time after dosing revealed ginsenosides entered into brain promptly but the concentration declined along with time rapidly. The ginsenosides with higher concentration in brain were Rg1, Re, Rb1 and Rc. These findings demonstrated ginsenosides could be absorbed in blood and penetrated into brain rapidly. Some ginsenosides, especially Rg1 and Re, might be the main components directly effecting neurocyte in brain taking advantage of their better brain distribution. While ginsenosides of mostly protopanaxdiol saponins might protect brain mainly depending on peripheral efficacy in virtue of their long residence in blood, by which higher concentration could be reached after multiple dosing.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Time Factors

Objective To observe the level of reduced glutathione(GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG)in a mouse bone cell line MC3T3-E1 cells exposed to fluoride.Methods MTT method was used to detect cell viability of M C3T3-E1 cells exposed to varying concentrations and periods of fluoride [F-concentration:0(control),0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0,12.0,20.0 mg/L; F-periods:1,2,4 and 10 days].The Xevo TQ MS was employed to test the levels of GSH,GSSG and glutamine (Gln).Results The MC3T3-E1 cell viability was significantly higher in the 2 mg/L group(0.57 ± 0.05) 1 day after the exposure compared to the respective control(0.49 ± 0.03,P ＜0.01); conversely,cell viability was markedly lower in the 8 mg/L(0.49 ± 0.07) and 12 mg/L(0.47 ± 0.09)groups 4 days after the exposure in comparison to the control(0.63 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).The cell viability in the 8 mg/L group(1.52 ± 0.29) 10 days after the exposure was significantly higher than that in the control group (0.86 ± 0.23,P ＜ 0.01),however,the value in the 20.0 mg/L group (0.54 ± 0.07) was significantly lower(P ＜0.01).The level of cell GSH decreased significantly in the 20 mg/L groups 2 days[(13.92 ± 4.63)μmol/L]and 10 days [(0.53 ± 0.30)μmol/L]after exposure compared to the respective comtrols [(26.42 ± 3.67),(24.85 ± 5.68)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01].The level of cell GSSG markedly increased in the 2 mg/L group 2 days [(1.12 ± 0.62)μ mol/L]and the 8 mg/L group 4 days [(2.13 ± 0.62)μ mol/L]after exposure compared to the controls[(0.55 ± 0.22),(1.46 ± 0.46)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].The similar change was observed in the 8 mg/L group[(2.97 ± 1.30)μmol/L] 10 days after exposure compared to the control [(1.35 ± 0.50)μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05].The level of Glndecreased significantly in the 2 mg/L group[ (62.80 ± 17.4l)μ mol/L] 4 days and in the 8 and 20 mg/L groups 10 days[ (122.26 ± 19.51), (19.38 ± 8.11)μmol/L] after exposure compared to the controls [ (83.28 ±14.32), ( 147.15± 16.95) μmol/L , all P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ]. Conclusions Fluoride exposure can significantly promote the changes of GSH, GSSG and Gln levels in the osteoblast, thus affecting the intracellular redox equilibrium.