Natural killer T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) is a malignant neoplasm which usually involves the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses, while an orbit origin is extremely rare. Here we report the clinical, radiological and histopathologic features of a patient with NKTL originating from the orbit. We analyzed the clinical and radiologic records in the whole course of the disease. We also reviewed the morphology and immunohistochemistry of the neoplasm biopsy, including the presence of CD56, CD3 and cytotoxic molecules. This case demonstrated that nasal-type NKTL with a poor prognosis can originate from the orbit.
Humans ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; etiology ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natural Killer T-Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Orbital Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism

AIMTo determine clonidine in rabbit plasma by LC-MS.

METHODSThe LC-MS system consisted of Waters Alliance 2790 HPLC and Micromass ZQ-4000 MS. The HPLC was performed by using XTerra C18 (150 mm x 2.1 mm ID, 5 microm). The mobile phase, consisting of acetonitrile/ammonium hydrogen carbonate solution, was maintained to a flow-rate of 0.2 mL x min(-1) and the linear gradient elution was adopted. Mass spectrum was obtained by using electrospray ionization interface and the m/z of SIM was 230.

RESULTSThe average recovery was high and the method was reproducible. The calibration curve showed good linearity in the range of 1 - 80 microg x L(-1), the lowest limit of detection was 0.05 microg x L(-1). The Cmax, AUC0-t, and Tmax value of the pharmacokinetics parameter were (27 +/- 9) microg x L(-1), (5,352 +/- 1,121) microg x L(-1), (79 +/- 17) h.

CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrated that the method had high sensitivity, good selectivity, accuracy and precision. It is used to determine the clonidine concentration in plasma. The transdermal patch can deliver clonidine to the surface of rabbit skin stably for periods of up to 1 week after a single application.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Clonidine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rabbits ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; methods

Fucoidan is one of the main bioactive components of polysaccharides. The current study was focused on the anti-tumor effects of fucoidan on human heptoma cell line HepG2 and the possible mechanisms. Fucoidan treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. The results of flow cytometric analysis revealed that fucoidan induced G2/M arrest in the cell cycle progression. Hoechst 33258 and Annexin V/PI staining results showed that the apoptotic cell number was increased, which was associated with a dose-dependent up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and p-Stat3. In parallel, the up-regulation of p53 and the increase in reactive oxygen species were also observed, which may play important roles in the inhibition of HepG2 growth by fucoidan. In the meantime, Cyclin B1 and CDK1 were down-regulated by fucoidan treatment. Down-regulation of p-Stat3 by fucoidan resulted in apoptosis and an increase in ROS in response to fucoidan exposure. We therefore concluded that fucoidan induces apoptosis through the down-regulation of p-Stat3. These results suggest that fucoidan may be used as a novel anti-cancer agent for hepatocarcinoma.

AIMTo study the effect of lidocaine-dodecanol binary eutectic system on the transdermal permeation of lidocaine.

METHODSBinary eutectic mixture of different proportions of lidocaine and dodecanol were prepared and the patch containing the binary eutectic mixture was developed. The solubilities of pure lidocaine and lidocaine from the binary eutectic system were determined in pH 7.9 phosphate buffer. The transdermal flux of lidocaine from the patches containing the binary eutectic system and pure lidocaine were measured using Franz-type single diffusion cell.

RESULTSThe melting point of the lidocaine-dodecanol binary eutectic system was markedly lower than that of pure lidocaine. The steady state transdermal flux of lidocaine from the patch of the binary eutectic system was six times as much as that of pure lidocaine patch.

CONCLUSIONThe lidocaine-dodecanol binary eutectic system could produce high thermodynamic activity of the drug and the high driving force for transdermal permeation of lidocaine.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Anesthetics, Local ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Dodecanol ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Stability ; Guinea Pigs ; Lidocaine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Skin Absorption ; Solubility

OBJECTIVES: Some changes are found in the labyrinth anatomy during postnatal development. Although the spatial orientation of semicircular canals was thought to be stable after birth, we investigated the age-related orientational changes of human semicircular canals during development. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the computed tomography (CT) images of both ears of 76 subjects ranged from 1 to 70 years old. They were divided into 4 groups: group A (1-6 years), group B (7-12 years), group C (13-18 years), and group D (>18 years). The anatomical landmarks of the inner ear structures were determined from CT images. Their coordinates were imported into MATLAB software for calculating the semicircular canals orientation, angles between semicircular canal planes and the jugular bulb (JB) position. Differences between age groups were analyzed using multivariate statistics. Relationships between variables were analyzed using Pearson analysis. RESULTS: The angle between the anterior semicircular canal plane and the coronal plane, and the angle between the horizontal semicircular canal plane and the coronal plane were smaller in group D than those in group A (P<0.05). The JB position, especially the anteroposterior position of right JB, correlated to the semicircular canals orientation (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences in the angles between ipsilateral canal planes among different age groups were found. CONCLUSION: The semicircular canals had tendencies to tilt anteriorly simultaneously as a whole with age. The JB position correlated to the spatial arrangement of semicircular canals, especially the right JB. Our calculation method helps detect developmental and pathological changes in vestibular anatomy.
Ear ; Ear, Inner ; Humans* ; Methods ; Parturition ; Retrospective Studies ; Semicircular Canals* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; chemically induced ; Female ; Humans ; Quinazolines ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVEThrough the observation, analysis, and treatment to lots of clinical patients with unusual feeling symptom of pharynx (UFSP), followed by the functional examination of autonomic nerve, putting forward the clinical classify and therapy of UFSP.

METHODSThrough the clinical history inquired, routine examination, 24 hours pH value determined of esophagus, erect experiment, and coefficient of variation of the R-R(CVR-R) examination of electrocardiogram etc, divided the UFSP into two types: the type of pathogeny clear and the type of pathogeny unclear. The clear-type was further classified into five subtypes: the type of a mental scar, the type of morbid state of mind, the type of reflux esophagitis, the type of climacteric syndrome and menstrual disorder, and the type of functional disturbance of independence nerve.

RESULTSIn the cases of 256, 106 were cured,76 were positive effective, 41 were effective, with total effective rate of 87.1%. Thirty three (12.9%) cases were not cured. Forty six (18.0%) of them with the type of a mental scar were whole cured. One hundred and thirty six (53.1%) of them with the type of morbid state of mind had a 93.4% (127) effective rate. Twenty one (8.2%) of them with the type of reflux esophagitis had 71.4% (15) effective rate. Among 35 (13.7%) cases of climacteric syndrome and menstrual disorder type, 29 cases were cured with a 82.9% effective rate. Twelve (4.7%) cases of the type of functional disturbance of independence nerve had 50% effective rate. Six (2.3%) cases of the pathogeny unclear type'were not cured.

CONCLUSIONSUFSP could be clinical classified and treated followed the detail inquiry of medical history and relative examination.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; classification ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; classification ; psychology ; Pharynx ; Sensation Disorders ; classification ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate in vivo gene delivery of Bio-Oss coated with adeno-associated virus-mediated human bone morphogenetic protein 7 (rAAV-BMP7/Bio-Oss) for bone regeneration around dental implants.

METHODSIn vitro rAAV-BMP7 were constructed and compounded with Bio-Oss. In 6 male New Zealand rabbits, two hydroxyapatite (HA) coated titanium dental implants were placed respectively to each animal in the bilateral tibia metaphysis. Before implantation, a standardized gap (8 mm in width, 4 mm in depth) was created between the implant surface and the surrounding bone walls. Rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (group A, B, C). Gaps of group A were filled with rAAV-BMP7/Bio-Oss (n = 4), gaps of group B were filled with Bio-Oss alone (n = 4), and gaps of group C were filled with nothing (n = 4). The rabbits were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks respectively, and the sclerous tissue slices obtained, then histology and histomorphometric analysis were conducted.

RESULTSHistological and histomorphometric analysis revealed an enlarged bone-forming area in the bone defects of group A and B at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. Greater bone-implant contact was achieved with rAAV-BMP7/Bio-Oss than with Bio-Oss alone and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONrAAV-BMP7/Bio-Oss can induce a stronger peri-implant bone reaction and larger new bone formation than Bio-Oss alone in the treatment of bone defects adjacent to titanium dental implants.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Substitutes ; Bone and Bones ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Male ; Minerals ; Rabbits ; Titanium

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene therapy on bone defect and bone rarefaction around endosseous implant.

METHODSThe primary cultured bone marrow derived stroma cells (BMSCs) was transfected by plasmid pCDNA3.1(+) -TGF-beta1, and was adhered with polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) for constructing TGF-beta1 gene-modified artificial bone. The model of rats with placed titanium implants in the proximal metaphyses of the tibiae after ovariectomy was made. The TGF-beta1 gene-modified artificial bone (experimental group), BMSCs-PLGA compound artificial bone (control group) and nothing (blank control group) were placed in the bone defect around implant. The tibiae were examined by decalcified sections with immunohistochemical method and histological analysis methods at intervals of 4 and 8 weeks after implant surgery in order to detect the expression of TGF-beta1 in new bone adjacent to the implant and the healing of the bone defect around the implant.

RESULTSThe expression level of TGF-beta1 of experimental group was higher than that of control group and blank control group at the 4th week. The histological analysis indicated that the gene-modified artificial bone had stronger osetogenic potential than others.

CONCLUSIONTGF-beta1 gene-modified artificial bone promotes the repair of the bone defect around titanium implants in osteoporotic rats.

Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Cells, Cultured ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Prostheses and Implants ; Rats ; Stromal Cells ; Titanium ; Transfection ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

BACKGROUNDPancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with the worst mortality rate. Therefore, a rational strategy for future drug development is critical. Genistein is a small, biologically active flavonoid that is found in high amounts in soy. This important compound supports a wide variety of biological activities, but is best known for its ability to inhibit cancer progression.

METHODSTranswell chamber assay was performed to determine the effect of genistein on the invasion of the human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1 induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-b1) in the different condition (5 ng/ml 24 hours and 10 ng/ml 48 hours); Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to estimate the mRNA levels of urinary plasminogen activator (uPA), matrix metallopeptidase 2/9 (MMP-2/9), Smad4, E-Cadherin and Vimentin; Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of uPA, E-Cadherin, ERK1/2, P38 and P-P38, and the activity of MMP-2/9 protein were detected by gelatin zymography assay method. Cells structure was observed and analyzed by microscopy.

RESULTSGenistein can inhibit effectively TGF-b1-induced invasion and metastasis in Panc-1 by Transwell assay, which is through regulating the mRNA and protein expression of uPA and MMP2, but not MMP9 by RT-PCR/Western blotting, and is positively correlated with the concentration of genistein. At the same time, genistein also could improve the progress of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via morphology observation using light microscopy/transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which is mediated by the down-regulation of E-cadherin and the up-regulation of vimentin.

CONCLUSIONSTGF-b1 mediates EMT process via numerous intracellular signal transduction pathways. The potential molecular mechanisms are all or partly through Smad4-dependent and -independent pathways (p38 MAPK) to regulate the antitumor effect of genistein.

Anticarcinogenic Agents ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; drug effects ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Smad4 Protein ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology