Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Neoplasms

Objective To investigate the intervention ways of endoscopes in the treatment of esophagus stenosis due to carcinoma of esophagus and improvement of quality. Method 11 cases of advanced carcinoma of esophagus were included in this study. Operation and chemical therapy were unavailable for these patients. Memory trestle with membrane and made of alloy of Nickel－ titanium was inserted under intervention of endoscope. Trestle was posed in stenosis part of esophagus under direction of X－ ray. Trestle could be dilated 3－ 7 days after operation due to its reaction characteristics to temperature. So, redilated therapy was unnecessary. Trestle could reconstruct swallowing tract and made feeding through mouth become available during limited survival time.Results All trestles were successfully inserted.Half－ fluid feeding was available after operation. Obstruction was removed in all patients(100％ ).Conclusion Method described in this study was safe and effective .Effective swallowing tracts were reconstructed in all patients after trestle was planted and quality of life and survival time were both improved.

Objective To search for the specific biomarkers associated with local lymphatic metastasis of colorectal cancer in serum.Methods The serum protein profile of colorectal cancer patients was determined by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS),and the peak values of proteins were identified with the matched software,and then clustered to construct the classification tree model.Seventy colorectal cancer patients with local lymphatic metastasis and 75 patients in matched age and gender without local lymphatic metastasis were assigned as a training set to construct the classification tree model,and 35 colorectal cancer patients with local lymphatic metastasis and 30 patients in matched age and gender without local lymphatic metastasis were assigned as test set to make the independent sample double-blind test.Results Forty-six distinct proteins were identified from the two groups,and the classification tree model formed by 5 proteins (M/Z:3104,3781,5867,7970 and 9290) could be used to identify the two groups with a sensitivity of 94.3% (66/70) and a specificity of 100.0% (75/75).The double-blind test challenged the model with a sensitivity of 91.4% (32/35),a specificity of 96.7% (29/30),and a positive predictive value of 97.0% (32/33),respectively.ConclusionThe constructed classification tree model may distinguish colorectal cancer patients with or without local lymphatic metastasis correctly,and show a great potential for preoperatively screening the colorectal cancer patients with or without local lymphatic metastasis.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are conveniently cultured and separated in vitro because theirimmunogenicity is low. Therefore, BMSCs are suitable for cell transplantation. Research has shown that BMSCs are potential to repair neurological defect. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether in vitro cultured BMSCs can be transplanted to repair peripheral nerve injury or not, and to investigate its mechanisms. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized controlled animal study This study was performed in Department of Toxicology, Public Health College of Jilin University from March 2006 to March 2007.MATERIALS: Fifty healthy female Wistar rats aging 2 months and six 1-week-old female Wistar rats were used for extraction of BMSCs. Rabbit-anti-nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibody was provided by Santa Cruz Company. METHODS:BMSCs were separated and cultured with adherent method. In the 3rd generation, BMSCs were preiabeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) 48 hours before transplantation. Fifty healthy Wistar rats were selected to prepare sciatic nerve crush injury models with clamping method.Subsequently, rats were randomly divided into transplantation group and control group, with 25 rats in each group. Rats in the transplantation group underwent transplantation of BrdU-labeied BMSCs at nerve injured sites; while, the same volume DMEM was injected into rats in the control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Injured nerve in the transplantation group suffered from anti-BrdU staining 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery. Distal injured nerve in both groups suffered from NGF immunohistochemical staining 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after surgery. Image analysis system was adopted to analyze integrated absorbance of positive expression. Gait analysis was performed every week after surgery to measure sciatic nerve function index, and it was also adopted to measure regenerated nerve conduction velocity 6 weeks after surgery. Subsequently, amount and inner diameter of medullated nerve fibers were calculated after luxol fast blue staining, while wet weight of experimental-lateral gastrocnemius muscle and cross section area of muscle fiber were measured at the same time. RESULTS: Fifty rats were included in the final analysis. BrdU-labeled positive cells could be found at injured nerve in the transplantation group 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. Integrated absorbance of NGF protein expression in the transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the control group 1 and 2 weeks after surgery (P < 0.01), but there were no significant differences between the two groups 4 and 6 weeks after surgery (P > 0.05). Sciatic nerve function index in the transplantation group superiorly recovered to that in the control group 3-6 weeks after surgery. Furthermore, 6 weeks after surgery, nerve conduction velocity, amount and diameter of medullated nerve fibers, wet weight and cross section area of gastrocnemius muscle in the transplantation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05-0.01). CONCLUSION: BMSCs can be transplantated into injuried nerve tissue, and promote the recovery of nerve function in the micro-enviroment, improve NGF expression in an early phase may be one of its mechanisms.

Objective To study the influence of fluoride on the expression of Runx2 in suckling rat osteoblasts. Methods Osteoblasts obtained from calvarium of suckling Wistar rats were cultured in the media supplemented with NaF at different doses(0, 1,2 and 4 rag/L), and Runx2 Mrna expression and protein expression were evaluated by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Results Runx2 Mrna expression in suckling rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro significantly increased after exposure to NaF for 48 h at different doses (0.613±0.055, 0.773±0.070 and 0.775±0.070 for 1,2 and 4 mg/L,respecfively) compared to the control (0.482±0.043 ,P< 0.05). Runx2 Mrna expression further increased after 72 h exposure to NaF(0.969±0.048,1.229±0.061,1.255± 0.063 for 1,2 and 4 mg/L, respectively) ,which is significantly higher than the control(0.724±0.036,P<0.05) and corresponding groups at 48 h. NaF doses and exposure time exhibited a significant synergistic effect on Runx2 Mrna expression (P<0.05). Similarly, NaF also enhanced Bunx2 protein expression in suckling rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro. Significant differences were observed between groups exposed to NaF (1,2 and 4 rag/L) and control at48 h post-exposure (0.141±0.007, 0.143±0.008, 0.143±0.011 vs 0.129±0.012, P<0.05) as well as 72 h post-expesure(0.156±0.014, 0.168±0.018, 0.162±0.0100 vs 0.137±0.016, P<0.05). In addition, Runx2 protein expression at 72 h post-exposure was significantly higher than that at 48 h. Conclusions The results suggested that NaF could increase Runx2 expression in suckling rat osteoblasts with a synergistic effect between the doses and exposure time.

Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-C, VEGF-D and their receptor-3(VEGFR-3)in patients with colorectal cancer and their clinicopathological value.Methods Eighty specimens of the colorectal cancer and thirty normal adjacent bowels were stud- ied.The expression of VEGF-C,VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 proteins and mRNAs in specimens of colorectal cancers and normal colorectal tissues was studied by Strept-avidin-biotin complex method and RT-PCR. Clinicopathological data and survival of each patient were recorded and analyzed.Results①The staining of brown or filemot in cytoplast were observed as the positive expression of VEGF-C,VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 proteins.The positive rate(48.8%,56.3%,38.8%)and mean value(1.09?1.20,1.13?1.09,0.90?1.19)of VEGF-C,VEGF-D,VEGFR-3 expressions in specimens of colorectal cancer were significantly higher than those of the normal bowel tissues(P＜0.05).The expression of VEGF- C,VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 mRNAs by RT-PCR was correlated with that of VEGF-C,VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 proteins in colorectal carcinomas and normal bowel tissues.②Significant correlation between VEGF-C(P=0.0069),VEGF-D(P=0.0024)and VEGFR-3 expression was observed in colorectal cancers;moreover,no correlation between VEGF-C and VEGF-D.③The expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 in colorectal cancers was not correlated with age,gender,site and dimension of lesion,types of gross and histological,degree of differentiation and liver and pulmonary metastasis,but correlated significantly with Dukes' stage(P=0.0234,P=0.0003,P=0.0429)and lymph node me tastasis(P=0.0059,P＜0.01,P=0.0068).The increased death rate(P=0.0374,P=0.0127) and poor survival(P＜0.01,P＜0.01)were observed in the colorectal cancer patients with positive ex- pression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 when comparing with the patients of the negative expressions,but the expression of VEGF-D in colorectal cancers was not correlated with prognosis of the patients.Con- clusions Colorectal cancer cells may secrete lymphangiogenetic growth factors VEGF-C,VEGF-D and their receptor VEGFR-3,which induce the growth of lymphatic vessel endothelium and lymphangiogene- sis by VEGF-C,VEGF-D/VEGFR-3 signaling pathway,further accelerate lymphatic metastasis of colo- rectal cancers.VEGF-C,VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 might be acted as molecular phenotypes of lym- phangiogenesis in coiorectal cancers and important markers for evaluating lymphatic metastasis and prog- nosis in patients with coloreetaI carcinoma.

AIM: To study the causes of pyogenic granuloma after hydroxyapatite(HA) orbital implants.METHODS: HA orbital implants (250 cases) in our hospital (68 pegged implants) were reviewed.All patients were followed up from 18 months to 10 years. Implants were removed after medical therapy which was proved to be ineffective.RESULTS: Ten of 250 cases of HA orbital implants developed pyogenic granuloma. Pyogenic granuloma occurred in 1 unpegged implants patient and 9 patients after pegging and drilling of HA implantation over 4～7 years. The pyogenic granulomas were not controlled by medical therapy effectively. Implants were removed in 9 cases except 1 case denied removing and continued medical therapy.CONCLUSION: Pyogenic granuloma was serious complication that occurred after HA orbital implants. Partial vascularization, implant exposure, xenogenic sclera implant, pegging and drilling of HA implantation are risk factors that affect the development of pyogenic granuloma.Pyogenic granuloma hasn't relation with implanted peg material. Pyogenic granuloma denotes the potential implant infection, and all implants should be removed finally.

Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; pathology

Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional bowel disorder disease that affects life quality of a large number of people. This study aimed to explore the impact of different intensities of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment for FC patients. Totally, 111 patients with FC meeting the Rome III criteria were randomly assigned to different intensities of EA groups (low and high intensity of EA groups) and medicine-controlled (MC) group. In EA groups, patients were treated with EA at quchi (LI11) and shangjuxu (ST37) bilaterally for 4 weeks, 5 times/week in the first 2 weeks, and 3 times/week in the last 2 weeks. In MC group, 5 mg mosapride citrate was administered orally 3 times/day for 4 weeks. Spontaneous bowel movement frequency each day was recorded using a constipation diary. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the patients' psychological state. Cortisol (CORT), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were evaluated at baseline and at the end of 4 weeks after treatment. As compared with the baseline, there was statistically significant increase in stool frequency every week (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups. As compared with the baseline, after 4 weeks of EA therapy, the scores of SDS and serum levels of CORT were decreased significantly in low intensity of EA group (P<0.01), and the serum levels of SP and VIP were increased significantly (P<0.05); the scores of SAS and SDS and serum levels of CORT were decreased significantly in high intensity of EA group (P<0.05), and the serum levels of SP and VIP were increased significantly (P<0.05); the serum levels of CORT and VIP were increased significantly in MC group (P<0.05). As compared with MC group, after 4 weeks of treatment, the serum levels of SP were signifcicantly increased in low intensity of EA group (P<0.01). Low and high intensities of EA could increase the stool frequency, improve the FC patient's anxiety and depression, reduce the serum levels of CORT, and increase the serum levels of SP and VIP effectively. It is concluded that both low and high intensities of EA are effective for FC patients, but there is no significant difference between the low and high intensities of EA.

Objective To explore the survival mechanism of hippocampal ne urons after damage of hypoxia-ischemia and reperfusion of brain.Methods Seven days old SD rats(n=56) were randomly divided into hypoxia-ischemia br a in iniury(HIBD) group and sham group.The HIBD and reperfusion model was establis hed.The flowing of blood was de tected by multicolor Doppler.The p-CREB(phosphorylated c-AMP response element bi nding protein)and c-Jun were immunohistochemically evaluated in hippocampus.Thi onin staining was used to observe the apoptosis.Results The expression of p-CREB reache d the peak at 3,24 h postreperfusion in the right hippocampus of HIBD group,and then decreased to the normal level on the 7th day.In contral group the same reg ions showed basic immn-noreactivity.While c-Jun reached the peak at 6 h postreperfusion,then with a slightly decrease at 24 h;and at 48 h the other peak appeared,then with a gradual decline .On the 7th day the mumber of positive cells were still significanthy more than control group(P0.05).The sham animal showed very few apoptosis cells in the regio ns of hippocampus.Conclusions The persistent activation of CREB in the hippocampus regulates,the expression of c-Jun through the signal transductions and is involved in the course of neuron s′ survival and repair during the period of post hypoxia-ischemia reperfusion.I t is very important for the protection of the pyramidal hippocampal neurons on t he damaged side,especially for the sensitive region CA1. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):133-135