OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the early clinical outcomes of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with mobile and fixed platform for the treatment of single compartment osteoarthritis of knee. METHODS: From January 2013 to December 2014, 86 cases (92 knees) of knee osteoarthritis with single compartment (medial) were randomly divided into two groups. One group consisted of 42 patients, including 18 males and 24 females, underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with fixed platform prosthesis; the other group consisted of 44 patients, including 20 males and 24 females, underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with mobile platform prosthesis. The surgery was performed by the same group of doctors. The operation time, blood loss, ROM, KSS and HSS scores of knee joint before and after surgery were recorded and the clinical follow up was completed. RESULTS: The follow-up duration of the two groups ranged from 8 to 26 months, with an average of (18.20± 4.23) months. During the follow-up period, the periprosthetic fracture was found in 1 patient in the fixed platform group 1 year after operation, and polyethylene liner dislocation was found in 1 patient in the mobile platform group. No complications such as poor wound healing, periprosthetic infection or sterile prothesis loosening were found in all cases. In the fixed platform group, the operation time was (90.05±6.59) minutes and the blood loss was (53.76±6.04) ml. In the mobile platform group, the operation time was (90.73±6.74) minutes and the blood loss was (54.34±6.27) ml. In the fixed platform group, the ROM of knee increased from preoperative (94.52±4.54) degree to postoperative (104.64±4.42) degree. In the mobile platform group, the ROM of knee increased from preoperative (95.05±4.87) degree to postoperative (105.07±4.33) degree. In the fixed platform group, the KSS score increased from preoperative 48.69±5.68 to postoperative 83.55±5.37. In the mobile platform group, the KSS score increased from preoperative 49.39±5.68 to postoperative 84.11±6.14. In the fixed platform group, the HSS score increased from preoperative 45.45±3.62 to postoperative 84.55±6.08. In the mobile platform group, the HSS score increased from preoperative 45.93±4.01 to postoperative 85.16±6.30. There was no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION There is no significant difference in the early outcome of unicondylar prosthesis with fixed and mobile platforms in the treatment of single compartmental osteoarthritis of knee. The long-term complications and revision rates of the two prostheses need further multi center and large-sample clinical study.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Knee Prosthesis ; Male ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the modulatory effect of Panax gingseng and coadministration with Veratrum nigrum on the activity and mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes in rat liver.

METHODRat liver microsomal cytochrome P450, b5, aminopyrine N-demethylase(APND), p-nitrophenol-hydroxylase(pNPH)activities were quantitated by UV chromatography. The mRNA expression level of five CYP isoenzymes CYP1A1, CYP2B1/2, CYP2C11, CYP2E1 and CYP3A1 were detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).

RESULTP. gingseng coadministrated with V. nigrum obviously decreased the P450 contents of liver microsomes, and the b5 contents. Both single and combined used inhibited the activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase. At the mRNA level, the expression of CYP2C11 markedly induced exposure to V. nigrum, but combinative groups decreased the expression of CYP2C11. The combination of P. gingseng and V. nigrum induced the expression of CYP1A1. P. gingseng has inhibitory effect on CYP2B1/2 and inductive effect used with V. nigrum. The combination of P. gingseng with V. nigrum also induced the expression of CYP3A1.

CONCLUSIONP. gingseng used singly has some different modulation effects compared with combinative used, which may occur because of drug-drug interaction based on cytochrome P450. To elucidate the drug-drug interaction, it needs further analysis and metabolism research.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cytochromes b5 ; metabolism ; Drug Incompatibility ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isoenzymes ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver ; metabolism ; Panax ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Veratrum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo determine the risk factors involved in the typhoon episodes and to put forward and evaluate the intervention measures.

METHODSWe defined a confirmed injury case as: 'a person with fall,scalpel and stab, collision, drowning, injuries and trauma due to flying debris and building collapse, asphyxiation due to entrapment in collapsed buildings by typhoon from 0 am,August 12 to 6 pm, August 14 2004' and a death case as: 'a person with fall, scalpel and stab, collision, drowning, injuries and trauma due to flying debris and building collapse, asphyxiation due to entrapment in collapsed buildings by typhoon from 0 am, August 12 to 12 am, August 18 2004'. We investigated all hospitalized injured cases in ten hospitals and telephoned to those who were not hospitalized and the cases of death. We did case-control study with 1 pair versus 2 cases. 74 cases were selected in ten hospitals. The controls were neighbors of the controls matched by occupation, sex, village, and within 5 years of age without injury in this typhoon. We asked the cases and the controls on their alertness regarding typhoon and what actions taken when typhoon arrived.

RESULTSThere were 392 injury cases in all ten hospitals and 50 death cases. The attack rate of injury was 27.3 per 100 000. The fatal rate was 11.3% with the death rate 3.1 per 100 000. We investigated 209 injury cases and 31 death cases. The number of cases who were injured from 1 to 6 hours before typhoon landing accounted for 64.6% (155) of all cases. The peak of epidemic curve was 4 hours before the landing of typhoon. Data on the analysis of 74 cases and 148 controls revealed that 42% (31) of the cases were outside their homes before and during typhoon compared to 15% (22) of the controls (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 1.9-7.7). Compared with 20% (30) control persons (OR = 17,95% CI: 4.2-68). 28% (21) cases did not receive the alert of typhoon before it arrived compared with 18% (27) control persons (OR = 3.3, 95% CI:1.3-8.6). 53% (39) of the cases did not pay attention to the alert of typhoon before typhoon arrived.

CONCLUSIONStaying outdoor, not receiving or did not take seriously about the alert of typhoon seemed to be the risk factors of injury by the typhoon episode, suggesting that the government should increase the emergency preparedness and to raise the awareness on risks associated with typhoon.

Cause of Death ; China ; epidemiology ; Cyclonic Storms ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology ; mortality

OBJECTIVEIn order to provide reliable data for strategies development on prevention, a meteorological factors-based predicating model for malaria forecast was studied.

METHODSData on malaria occurrence and climate changes from 1994 to 1999 in counties in Yunnan province was collected and analyzed with software packages of FoxPro 6.0 and Excel 5.0. The forecasting model for malaria occurrence was established, using the Neural Network Toolbox of Matlab 6.1 software package. In the studies of forecasting model, data of malaria and meteorological factors from 1994 to 1999 in Honghe state in Yunnan province was chosen. The meteorological factors included average monthly pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, monthly maximum air temperature, minimum air temperature, rainfall, rainday, evaporation and sunshine hours in the study. The established forecasting model was also tested and verified.

RESULTSThe BP network model was established according to data of diseases and meteorological factors from Honghe state in Yunnan province. After training the neural network for 100 times, the error of performance decreased from 3.23608 to 0.035862. Verified by fact data of malaria, the efficiency of malaria forecasting was 84.85%.

CONCLUSIONNeural network model was effective for forecasting malaria. It showed advantages as: strong ability for analysis, lower claim for data, convenient and easy to apply etc. Neural network model might be used as a new method for malaria forecasting.

Humans ; Malaria ; etiology ; Meteorological Concepts ; Neural Networks (Computer)

Objective To observe the association between preprocedural high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level and incidence of contrast induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the impact of atorvastatin pretreatment on CI-AKI. Methods According to the level of preprocedural hs-CRP, 270 ACS patients were divided into three groups: high hs-CRP group (hs-CRP≥3 mg/L, n =176), moderate hsCRP group (hs-CRP 1 -3 mg/L, n =60) and normal hs-CRP group ( hs-CRP ＜ 1 mg/L, n =34).According to the dosage of preprocedural atorvastatin, the high hs-CRP group was further divided into 10 mg group (n =49), 20 mg group (n =66) and 40 mg group (n =61 ). Serum creatinine (Ser), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cystatin C (Cys C), hs-CRP were measured at before and 24 hours, 48 hours after PCI.CCr and GFR were calculated according to Scr and Cys C. Risk factors for CI-AKI were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results ( 1 ) Cys C was significantly increased and GFR after PCI significantly reduced in high and moderate hs-CRP groups compared with normal hs-CRP group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).(2) Incidence of CI-AKI was 43. 18％, 38. 33％ , 20. 59％ in high, moderate and normal hs-CRP groups,respectively (P ＜ 0. 05 ). (3) In high hs-CRP group, postprocedural GFR was significantly higher while postprocedural Cys C and hs-CRP were significantly lower in 40 mg statin subgroup than 10 mg and 20 mg statin subgroups (P ＜ 0. 05), similar trends were documented when comparing 20 mg statin subgroup with 10 mg statin subgroup ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). (4) Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that pretreatment with high dose atorvastatin was a protective factor for post CI-AKI (20 mg atorvastatin: OR =0. 15, 95％ CI 0. 06 -0. 33, P =0. 00 1 ; 40 mg atorvastatin: OR =0. 10, 95 ％ CI 0. 04 -0. 23, P =0. 001 ), while high levels of preprocedural hs-CRP (OR =2. 06, 95％ CI 1.01 -4. 23, P =0. 048), diabetes mellitus (OR =10.71,95％ CI5.29 -21.70, P=0.001), advanced age (OR =2. 64, 95％ CI 1.05 -6. 63, P =0.038)and renal failure ( OR =5. 14, 95％ CI 1.13 - 23.39, P =0. 034 ) were independent risk factors of CIAKI. Conclusion High hs-CRP level is linked with the development of CI-AKI in ACS patients undergoing PCI and pretreatment with 40 mg atorvastatin is associated with lower incidence CI-AKI, possibly by reducing the postprocedural inflammation responses.

BACKGROUNDSevere burn-blast combined injury is a great challenge to medical teams for its high mortality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical characteristics of the injury and to present our clinical experiences on the treatment of such cases.

METHODSFive patients with severe burn-blast combined injuries were admitted to our hospital 77 hours post-injury on June 7, 2005. The burn extent ranged from 80% to 97% (89.6% +/- 7.2%) of TBSA (full-thickness burns 75% - 92% (83.4% +/- 7.3%)). All the patients were diagnosed as having blast injury and moderate or severe inhalation injury. Functions of the heart, liver, kidney, lung, pancreas and coagulation were observed. Autopsy samples of the heart, liver, and lungs were taken from the deceased. Comprehensive measures were taken during the treatment, including protection of organ dys function, use of antibiotics, early anticoagulant treatment, early closure of burn wounds, etc. All the data were analyzed statistically with t test.

RESULTSOne patient died of septic shock 23 hours after admission (four days after injury), the others survived. Dysfunction of the heart, liver, lungs, pancreas, and coagulation were found in all the patients on admission, and the functions were ameliorated after appropriate treatments.

CONCLUSIONSBurn-blast combined injury may cause multiple organ dysfunctions, especially coagulopathy. Proper judgment of patients' condition, energetic anticoagulant treatment, early closure of burn wounds, rational use of antibiotics, nutritional support, intensive insulin treatment, timely and effective support and protection of organ function are the most important contributory factors in successful treatment of burn-blast combined injuries.

Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Blast Injuries ; complications ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Burns ; complications ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Therapy ; Psychotherapy ; Respiration

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of the protective effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on kidney in diabetic rats.

METHODSDiabetic rat model was obtained by intravenous injection of alloxan, and the rats were divided into model, PNS-100 mg/(kg day) and PNS-200 mg/(kg day) groups, 10 each. Another 10 rats injected with saline were served as control. Periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunological histological chemistry were used to observe histomorphology and tissue expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was silenced in rat mesangial cells by RNA interference. The mRNA expressions of SIRT-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of SIRT1 and the acetylation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) P65 were determined by western blotting. The concentration of MCP-1, TGF-β1 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in culture supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by the classical method of nitrogen and blue four.

RESULTSIn diabetic model rats, PNS could not only reduce blood glucose and lipid (P<0.01), but also increase protein level of BMP-7 and inhibit PAI-1 expression for suppressing fibrosis of the kidney. In rat mesangial cells, PNS could up-regulate the expression of SIRT1 (P<0.01) and in turn suppress the transcription of TGF-β1 (P<0.05) and MCP-1 (P<0.05). PNS could also reverse the increased acetylation of NF-κB p65 by high glucose. In addition, redox regulation factor MDA was down-regulated (P<0.05) and SOD was up-regulated (P<0.01), which were both induced by SIRT1 up-regulation.

CONCLUSIONSPNS could protect kidney from diabetes with the possible mechanism of up-regulating SIRT1, therefore inhibiting inflammation through decreasing the induction of inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β1, as well as activating antioxidant proteins.

Acetylation ; drug effects ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; metabolism ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Mesangial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Sirtuin 1 ; genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; drug effects ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects

Human physiological indicators have become an important standard for assessing health in modern society.Traditional detection methods often require a separate laboratory,complex operation process and long detection time,so it is urgent to develop portable,fast and accurate on-site detection technologies for bioanalysis.Point-of-care testing(POCT),which differs from traditional laboratory testing,can realize the rapid in situ detection of biomarkers without the complicated analytical process of the laboratory.Smartphones,which are an essential tool in our daily life,not only have independent operating systems and built-in storage functions,but also have high-definition cameras,which have great application potential in POCT visualization.The combination of various biosensing technologies and smartphones has developed into a new direction in the field of POCT.This review mainly introduced the research progress of smartphone-based visual biosensors in POCT in recent years,including colorimetric sensors,fluorescence sensors,chemiluminescence sensors and electrochemiluminescence sensors.Finally,the problems faced by smart-phone-based visual biosensors in the application of POCT were summarized,and their future development was prospected.

Since the implementation of drug registration in China, the classification of Chinese medicine has greatly met the needs of public health and effectively guided the transformation, inheritance, and innovation of research achievements on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). In the past 30 years, the development of new Chinese medicine has followed the registration transformation model of " one prescription for single drug". This model refers to the R&D and registration system of modern drugs, and approximates to the " law-abiding" medication method in TCM clinic, while it rarely reflects the sequential therapy of syndrome differentiation and comprehensive treatment with multiple measures. In 2017, Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Review and Approval System and Encouraging the Innovation of Drugs and Medical Devices released by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council pointed out that it is necessary to " establish and improve the registration and technical evaluation system in line with the characteristics of Chinese medicine, and handle the relationship between the traditional advantages of Chinese medicine and the requirements of modern drug research". Therefore, based on the development law and characteristics of TCM, clinical thinking should be highlighted in the current technical requirements and registration system of research and development of Chinese medicine. Based on the current situation of registration supervision of Chinese medicine and the modern drug research in China, the present study analyzed limitations and deficiency of " one prescription for single drug" in the research and development of Chinese medicine. Additionally, a new type of " series prescriptions" was proposed, which was consistent with clinical thinking and clinical reality. This study is expected to contribute to the independent innovation and high-quality development of the TCM industry.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Prescriptions ; Public Health