Genetic manipulation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provides a powerful tool for modeling diseases and developing future medicine. Recently a number of independent genome-editing techniques were developed, including plasmid, bacterial artificial chromosome, adeno-associated virus vector, zinc finger nuclease, transcription activator-like effecter nuclease, and helper-dependent adenoviral vector. Gene editing has been successfully employed in different aspects of stem cell research such as gene correction, mutation knock-in, and establishment of reporter cell lines (Raya et al., 2009; Howden et al., 2011; Li et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2011b; Papapetrou et al., 2011; Sebastiano et al., 2011; Soldner et al., 2011; Zou et al., 2011a). These techniques combined with the utility of hPSCs will significantly influence the area of regenerative medicine.
Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; genetics ; Deoxyribonucleases ; genetics ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Gene Targeting ; methods ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Genetic Vectors ; Genome, Human ; Humans ; Mutagenesis, Insertional ; Mutation ; Plasmids ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Zinc Fingers ; genetics

A fetal/maternal multi-parameter monitor is introduced here in the paper. It can monitor the vital signs of a fetus and his/her mother in a same screen synchronously. It is more useful in obstetric clinics. Its other functions include management of patient file, computer-assistant analyses.
Adult ; Automatic Data Processing ; instrumentation ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring ; instrumentation ; Heart Rate, Fetal ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Pregnancy ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical features and treatments of cervical spinal injury in aged patients.

METHODSFrom July 2006 to October 2011, 27 patients with cervical spinal cord injury were divided into experiment group, including 20 males and 7 females with an average age of 69 years old (ranged 65 to 78 years old). The other 22 patients with the same degree of cervical spianl cord injury and the same period hospitalization were chosen to regard as control group, including 16 males and 6 females with an average age of 47 years old (ranged 38 to 65 years old). All of them had clear history of trauma, and were admitted to hospital within one week. Clinical data and result of follow up were evaluated between two group. The function of the spinal cord was measured by Frankel classification at admission and final follow-up.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 1 year except 6 died in aged group, among which 3 paients with complications were died during hospitalization and others were out of hospital. Twenty-three cases had accompanied diseases and 24 cases occurred complications in aged group. Contrast to control group, this difference was statistically significant. At the final follow-up, there were 2 cases at Frankel grade E in aged group and 6 cases in control group.

CONCLUSIONIn comparison with control group, there are more accompany diseases and higher complications and mortality rates in aged group, while poor improvement of spinal cord function. This patients were mainly treated with operation, but operation method should simplify and mainly focus on effective decompression and reconstuction stability and avoid expansion operation. It's nesscerry to pay more attention to prevent and treatment of respiratory complication.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; mortality ; therapy ; Spinal Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo introduce a method for repairing and restoring hand function of the patients suffering from large surface area burn with scarce normal skin for reconstruction.

METHODSSeven patients (ten hands) were treated in our department from April 1994 to February 2001. The TBSA involved with second- or third-degree burns was 85%-96%. All the hands had severe scar contracture on the dorsum and lost most of their function. A scarred skin flap, based on the ulnar border of the hand was elevated integrally on the dorsum. A random-pattern abdominal flap at a less-scarred area was designed and elevated to cover the defect of the hand while the scarred skin flap of the hand was transferred to the donor site of the abdominal flap.

RESULTSAll patients were followed for 0.5 to 4 years postoperatively. The range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint and the space capacity of the first web were greatly improved. All patients regained self-care ability.

CONCLUSIONSThis method is simple and has satisfactory results. Under the circumstances where normal skin was not available for reconstruction, the function of the burned hand could be greatly improved by this method.

Abdominal Wall ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; surgery ; Female ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors affecting the postoperative survival of patients with invasive bladder cancer,and to predict the survival time of the patients.Methods We retro- spectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data of 178 patients with invasive bladder cancer treated by radical cystectomy and urinary diversion from 1991 to 2004.A multivariate analysis was performed in these patients by the Cox proportional hazard model.A prognostic index(PI)based on the Cox regression was con- structed.According to the individualized PI,the patients were classified into different hazard groups and the expected survival curve of each patient was calculated.Results Cox regression analysis showed that the factors which influenced the postoperative survival included tumor stage(RR=1.982,P=0.000),grade (RR=1.978,P =0.042),lymph node metastasis(RR=2.142,P=0.048),Tis(RR=6.177,P= 0.000),tumor shape(RR=0.416,P=0.003),number of tumors( RR=1.820,P=0.035),pathological type(RR=2.228,P=0.032),patient age(RR=0.672,P=0.025)and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (RR=0.257,P=0.016).Based on the percentile of PI,patients were classified into 3 prognostic groups; the median survival time of 3 groups were 42.5,22.5 and 7.0 months,respectively.There were significant differences between each 2 among the 3 groups(P＜0.01).Conclusions Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor stage,grade,lymph node metastasis,Tis,shape and number of tumors,pathological type,patient age were important prognostic factors.PI value can be used to predict the prognosis of patients with invasive blad- der cancer.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) , and its therapy compliance and tolerance of long -time medication.Methods A total of 120 patients with AMI who were willing to receive percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) were enrolled and divided into rosuvastatin group ( n=60) and atorvastatin group(n=60).Total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride ( TG ) , low density liporotein -cholesterol ( LDL -C ) , high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C) , high-sensitivity C -reactive protein ( hs -CRP ) , interleukin -8 ( IL -8 ) , tumor necrosis factor -α( TNF-α) were observed before and 6 months after surgery. Stent restenosis and major adverse cardiac events ratio were recorded . Results TC, TG, LDL-C, hs-CRP, IL-8, TNF-αin rosuvastatin group was lower than that in atorvastatin group ( P<0.05 ).HDL-C was higher than atorvastatin group ( P<0.05 ) and its compliance was better than atorvastatin group (P<0.05).The incidence of angina was signifi-cantly lower than the atorvastatin group (P<0.05).The tolerance of two groups had no significant difference ( P >0.05 ) .Conclusion Rosu-vastatin has a better lipid and anti-inflammatory effect than atorvastatin . It also can reduce the incidence of stenocardia and restenosis .

Objective:To investigate clinical features and treatments of cervical spinal injury in aged patients. Methods:From July 2006 to October 2011,27 patients with cervical spinal cord injury were divided into experiment group,including 20 males and 7 females with an average age of 69 years old (ranged 65 to 78 years old). The other 22 patients with the same de-gree of cervical spianl cord injury and the same period hospitalization were chosen to regard as control group ,including 16 males and 6 females with an average age of 47 years old (ranged 38 to 65 years old). All of them had clear history of trauma, and were admitted to hospital within one week. Clinical data and result of follow up were evaluated between two group. The function of the spinal cord was measured by Frankel classification at admission and final follow up. Results:All patients were followed up for 1 year except 6 died in aged group ,among which 3 paients with complications were died during hospitalization and others were out of hospital. Twenty three cases had accompanied diseases and 24 cases occurred complications in aged group. Contrast to control group,this difference was statistically significant. At the final follow up,there were 2 cases at Frankel grade E in aged group and 6 cases in control group. Conclusion:In comparison with control group,there are more accompany diseases and higher complications and mortality rates in aged group ,while poor improvement of spinal cord function. This pa-tients were mainly treated with operation,but operation method should simplify and mainly focus on effective decompression and reconstuction stability and avoid expansion operation. It's nesscerry to pay more attention to prevent and treatment of res-piratory complication.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the food water sources of adults in the four cities of China in summer.

METHODSA total of 64 adults aged 18 - 60 yrs from four cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu and Guangzhou)were selected using convenient sampling method. The food samples were collected by using duplicate portion method and the water content of food samples were determined by using the national standard. The information on amounts and types of daily drinking soup was recorded by subjects using a quantitative measurement.

RESULTSA total of 63 subjects had completed the investigation. The median of daily water from food of subjects was 1157 ml, while water from staple food was 480 ml, the median ratio of which accounting for 41.8% of water from food. Water from dishes was 427 ml, the median ratio of which accounting for 37.9% of water from food. Water from soups was 133 ml, the median ratio of which accounting for 13.8% of water from food. Water from snacks was 0 ml, the median ratio of which accounting for 6.4% of water from food. The medians of water from staple food (384, 388 and 435 ml, respectively) in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou was significant lower than that of Chengdu subjects' (900 ml, χ(2) = 21.27, P = 0.000). But the median proportion of water from staple food of subjects in Beijing (47.7%) was significantly higher than that in Chengdu (43.2%), Shanghai (42.9%) and Guangzhou (33.9%) (χ(2) = 8.69, P = 0.034). The median of amount and proportion of water from soups of subjects in Guangzhou (267 ml, 24.4%) and Chengdu(278 ml, 15.7%) was significantly higher than that in Shanghai (133 ml, 9.0%) and Beijing (100 ml, 5.8%) (amount: χ(2) = 22.52, P = 0.000;proportion: χ(2) = 16.27, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe staple food and dishes are the main sources of daily food water.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Drinking ; Female ; Food Analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Seasons ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urban Population ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical effects of pedicle fixation without bone fusion in treating thoracolumbar fractures through paraspinal approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to January 2009, 25 patients (15 males and 10 females) with thoracolumbar fractures were treated. The average age was 39.3 years,ranged from 17 to 49 years. According to classification, flexion fracture in 7 cases, brust fracture in 18 cases. There were no nervous injury, and radiology information showed the angle of sagittal vertebral body >20 degrees or collapse of vertebral body >40%,without vertebral injury. The operation were performed at 3 to 7 days after injury (mean 5 day). Internal fixation implants were removed at 8 to 12 months after operation. The height, kyphosis angle were measured before operation, 1 week and 24 months after operation,and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were compared before and after operation.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 24 months. Among them, 1 case was followed up at 30 months after operation. The operation time ranged from 70 to 110 (mean 90) minutes, the blood loss was 120 to 280 (mean 200) ml. The height of vertebral body and kyphosis angle were obviously corrected, and had significant differences between postoperation immediately and at the final follow-up (P<0.05). There were no differences after remove of internal fixation (P>0.05). The final ODI was (5.36 +/- 1.21)%, had statistical differences compared with preoperation (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFor flexion and burst thoracolumbar fractures without nervous injury, pedicle fixation without bone fusion is a good method,which has advantages of minimally invasive, rapid recovery, and maintain spinal motion segment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopes ; Female ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery