Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of suprapubic arc sling (SPARC) and transobturater vaginal tape (TOT) for female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 275 women ( 139 in TOT group and 136 in SPARC group) in our institute from September 2008 to January 2011.We had compared the complications of the two groups.All the patient's ICI-Q-SF scores and PISQ-12 scores were collected.We compared the pre- and post-operative Qmax and PVR to find out if SPARC or TOT tap cause bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Results The operative time was 25.1 ± 3.3 min for TOT and 34.8 ± 5.6 min for SPARC.There was statistical difference between the two groups in the aspects of operative time (P =0.00).The improvements of average symptom and QOL scores in patients undergoing TOT and SPARC were statistically significant (P =0.00).The improvements of the PISQ-12 scores in the two groups were statistically significant (P ＜0.05 ) as well.There was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05 ) in the total cure rate of TOT and SPARC.The complications post SPARC and TOT were low.In the TOT group,the Qmax changed from 30.2 ± 8.7 ml/s per-operatively to 24.9 ± 8.6 ml/s post-operatively in a week.PVR changed from 1.6 ± 4.2 ml pre-operatively to 3.2 ± 6.5 ml post-operatively in a week.In the SPARC group,the Qmax changed from 31.7 ±9.4 ml/s pre-operatively to 26.9 ± 8.9 ml/s post-operatively in a week.PVR changed from 1.4 ± 3.7 ml pre-operatively to 3.5 ± 6.3 ml postoperatively in a week.All the changes were significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ).And in the SPARC group,the Qmax changed from 31.2 ± 10.0 ml/s pre-operatively to 26.2 ± 9.1 ml/s post-operatively; the PVR changed from 1.8 ± 3.2 ml pre-operatively to 4.7 ± 8.8 ml post-operatively (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Both the TOT sling and the SPARC sling have high cure rates for SUI.But the retropubic sling may lead to BOO and other complications,so the transobturate sling is a better treatment option for SUI.

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of the transohturator tape (TOT) for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods Clinical data of 206 TOT procedures for female urinary incontinence from Jan 2007 to Dec 2009 was retrospectively analyzed.Thirty-one women were identified as having mixed stress urinary incontinence.The mean age was 54.29 years(range,32-81 years),themean disease coursewas 10.31 years (range,1-40 years),and the mean follow-up time was 17.3 months (range,3-39 months).Therapeutic effects were assessed by Grouts-Blaivas outcome score.The results of the operation,complications and changes of urodynarnics were observed. Results The TOT operations were conducted under local anesthesia.The mean operative time was 23.9 min (range,16-35 min),Mean blood loss was 17.8 ml(range,15-30 ml).Short-term complications were as follows:thigh pain 14.08%,dysuria 5.83%,urinary posture change 0.97% and urinary retention 0.49%.The long-term complication rate was 0.97%,including vaginal wall defect and tape exposure in one case:the burr of tape exposure and sex life influence in one case.Long-term symptoms disappeared completely in 202 cases.The cure rate was 98.06%,and the rate of satisfaction was 100%. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that TOT procedure is a minimally invasive,safe and effective surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence.

AIM: To discuss the establishment of immediate diabetic keratopathy animal model of C57BL/6 mouse induced by ahigh-fat and high-glucose diet.
METHODS: Diabetes mellitus was induced by a high-fat and high-glucose diet in C57BL/6 mouse. 1% rose bengal was stained on the cornea to examine the integrality of the corneal epithelium at 2 ~ 12mo after completion of the model. Corneal epithelial wound healing was observed using a vivo epithelial debridement model which was dyed by sodium fluorescein. Corneal morphology histology was examined by pathological methods.
RESULTS: The high-fat and high-glucose diet C57BL/6 mouse in 2mo had showed general symptoms of diabetes: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, weight loss etc. The model had a steady-state high glucose (≥18mmol/L), also the weight was lower compared with normal control mouse. 1% rose bengal corneal staining had dot coloring at 2mo after completion of the model, the stained area and extent were gradually increased with the extension of the duration of diabetes, almost all the cornea was stained at 12mo after completion of the
model. With the passage of time into a mold, the cornea epithelial healing time become longer: 2mo was about 40h;3mo was about 120h; 4, 6, 12mo was about 144h;the coloboma were gradually increased at 12mo after completion of the model, then the area was reduced gradually until complete healing, the time was 96~120h, showed repeating phenomenon.
CONCLUSION: The mouse were induced by high-fat and high-glucose diet can be used as animal models of diabetic keratopathy: the damage of epithelium for corneal and delay healing on epithelium and other symptoms.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis value of immunophenotype and karyotypes in newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).Methods To retrospect the flow cytometry (FCM) immunophenotype and karyotypes characteristics in newly diagnosed 70 CLL cases.Results In all cases,the positive rates of CD19,CD20,CD5,CD23,CD22 were 100 ％,88.5 ％ (54/61),77.1％ (54/70),67.6 ％ (23/34)and 51.9 ％ (27/52),respectively.And 6 were misdiagnosed,2 was CD+5CD+19(+),but CD20,CD22 were strongly positive,final diagnosed as mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) by FISH t(11;14) examination and CyclinDl; CD+5CD+19(-) CLL were 16 cases (22.9 ％),but 4 were misdiagnosed,the misdiagnosis rate was 25 ％,significantly higher than that of CD+5CD+19(-) CLL (P =0.030).59 cases were examined by conventional cytogcnetic (CC),and 13 cases were with abnormal karyotypes,positive rate was 22.0 ％,with complex karyotypes in 5 cases (8.5 ％); 10 cases combined with FISH abnormalities karyotype examination rate was 60 ％.Conclusion Typical CLL immunophenotypic characteristics were CD5,CD19,CD23 co-expression,and CD－5 CLL with higher misdiagnosis rate,combined with CD20 (,) CD22 expression and karyotype analysis helps to CLL and other B lymphoid proliferative diseases (B-LPD) identification.Conventional cytogenetic detection combined with FISH scan can improve the recognition ability of abnormal chromosome.

Objective To design a temperature control strategy for wave bioreactors.Methods According to the requirements of temperature control precision and response speed of wave bioreactors,the traditional PID control method was combined with fuzzy control method which was used to adjust the parameters of the PID control in real time online in order to strengthen the ability of the temperature control strategy to regulate temperature.Results A fuzzy PID controller was completed and simulation results were compared with the traditional PID controller.Conclusion The fuzzy PID control method has a smaller overshoot and shorter stability than the traditional one, so it has a higher temperature control performance.

Objective To study the characteristics of Genetic typing and the antibiotic susceptibility testing of strains from Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis patients.Design Experimental study,Participants 23 eyes of 23 patients of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis.Methods The genomic was extracted and amplified with PCR.The PCR products were purified and sequenced.The results were registered in MIST web Antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed in theses strains,Main Outcome Measures Sequence types and antibiotic susceptibility.Results The isolates were resolved into 20 STs.Two lineages were identified.MIC test showed that strains were more susceptible to aminoglycosides,The activity of quinolones and cephalosporin were higher than that of aminoglycosides.Conclusion MIST can determine homology of the strains from Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis by clustering results. There is no finding about relationship between Genetic typing and drug resistance.

Objective To investigate clinical significance of computed tomography (CT) scan in diagnosis of bronchial foreign body in children.Methods Twenty-one suspected children with bronchial foreign body were studied with spiral CT cross-section scan and coronal reconstruction and diagnosis was confirmed with bronchoscopy.Results The foreign body was displayed in all of 21 cases. CT scan showed foreign body was located in right main bronchial 12 cases, right middle bronchial 1 case, right inferior lobar bronchial 2 cases and left main bronchial 6 cases. Foreign bodies were extracted with bronchoscopy.Conclusion CT scan can display and locate accurately foreign body in bronchial of children,and has very important diagnostic value in patients having atypical histories, clinical and radiological findings.

Objective To design a temperature control strategy for riptide bioreactor to eliminate integral saturation by conventional proportion integration differentiation (PID) control.Methods According to the requirement of the riptide bioreactor for the temperature control,the temperature control system model determined by experiment was got,then the effectiveness of the integral limiter PID control method was verified,and finally the integral limiter PID control method wasimproved further using the integral separation combined with the actual experimental results and its effectiveness was tested.Results The simulation results showed that the control effects of the integral limiter PID was good.However,the actual tests proved that there was still deficiencies in large overshoot and long stable time,and good experimental results were obtainedafter improving the integral limiter PID by the integral separation method.Conclusion The improved integral limiter PID control method effectively avoids the overshoot of the system caused by the integral saturation,achieves high control precision,has a very good control performance for the temperature control of riptide bioreactor,and well meets the requirements of mammalian cell culture.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of memantine on the regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in dichlorvos-poisoned rat brain, and to understand the mechanism of its role in organophosphate poisoning.

METHODSSD rats were administrated dichlorvos (25 mg/kg, ip) then three groups were treated with memantine at doses of 5, 15 and 45 mg/kg respectively. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and binding capacity of NMDA receptor with [(3)H]MK-801 were determined 16 h after dichlorvos injection.

RESULTSThe time of onset of toxic symptoms in 15, 45 mg memantine treated groups [(18.40 +/- 1.14) and (21.40 +/- 1.52) min respectively] was higher than that in dichlorvos alone group [(16.75 +/- 1.62) min]; the intensity of muscle fasciculation (1.60 +/- 1.14 and 0.80 +/- 0.84, respectively) was less than that in control group (2.85 +/- 0.37); the total score of poisoning symptoms (8.80 +/- 1.79 and 9.00 +/- 2.24 respectively) was also less than that in dichlorvos group (14.60 +/- 1.70). The AChE activities both in blood and brain of memantine treated groups were not significantly different from those in dichlorvos alone group. The affinity (Kd value) and density (Bmax value) of brain NMDA receptor in dichlorvos exposed rats [(75.55 +/- 7.87) nmol/L, (0.46 +/- 0.06) pmol/mg pro respectively] were higher and lower respectively than those in control group [(37.37 +/- 4.17) nmol/L, (0.62 +/- 0.04) pmol/mg pro respectively]. Lower level of memantine (5 and 25 mg/kg) could antagonize the dichlorvos-evoked down-regulation of [(3)H]MK-801 binding to NMDA receptor in rat brain [Bmax value: (0.55 +/- 0.07) and (0.64 +/- 0.07) pmol/mg pro; Kd value: (38.68 +/- 4.54) and (32.58 +/- 3.90) nmol/L respectively] while higher dose of memantine (45 mg/kg), the Bmax (0.45 +/- 0.06) pmol/mg pro and Kd (22.88 +/- 4.42) nmol/L of NMDA receptor were significantly decreased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMemantine in certain dose range could protect against the down-regulation of NMDA receptor in rat brain, and alleviate organophosphorus poisoning symptoms to some extent. The recovery of AChE activity inhibition wasn't involved in the treatment with memantine on dichlorvos poisoning, therefore, atropine and a proper AChE reactivator (an oxime) should be used clinically.

Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Dichlorvos ; toxicity ; Dopamine Agents ; pharmacology ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Male ; Memantine ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in treating patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and the effect of IVIG on the level of soluble human leucocyte antigen G (sHLA-G).

METHODSThis prospective trial conducted at PUMC Hospital between 2004 and 2008 included 60 women with URSA. The patients were allocated into IVIG group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). IVIG was intravenously used before conception at a dose of 0.2g/kg; once pregnancy was confirmed,IVIG was continued every 4 weeks till the 20th gestational week. Traditional Chinese medicine or/and progesterone were used in control group. The outcome of pregnancy was evaluated by live birth rate and effective rate(defined as the embryo living 4 week longer than previous pregnancy). Serum samples were collected randomly before pregnancy and in the 6th-8th gestational week from IVIG group (15 samples),control group (15 samples),and healthy women (20 samples). The levels of sHLA-G,interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThe pregnancy rate was 93.3% in IVIG group. The live birth rate and effective rate were 85.7% (24/28) and 92.9% (26/28) in IVIG group,which were significantly higher than those in control group [56.7% (17/30) (P=0.021) and 63.3% (19/30) (P=0.011)]. Emesis occurred in one woman (3.3%) in IVIG group had during IVIG infusion but was relieved by lowering the speed of infusion. The mean sHLA-G level was (61.37∓35.57) U/ml in control group and (62.70∓37.24) U/ml in IVIG group (P>0.05); both of them were significantly lower than that of healthy women (88.49∓25.37) U/ml (Pü0.05). After pregnancy was achieved, the levels of sHLA-G and IL-10 were (34.19∓14.21) U/ml and (11.71∓2.75) pg/ml, respectively in the IVIG group, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(23.71∓12.83) U/ml and (8.71∓3.01) pg/ml, respectively] (P=0.008).

CONCLUSIONSLow-dose IVIG before and after pregnancy is a safe and effective in treating URSA. IVIG improves the development of fetus by up-regulating sHLA-G and IL-10 levels.

Abortion, Habitual ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Adult ; Female ; HLA-G Antigens ; blood ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; therapeutic use ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome