Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Macrolides ; therapeutic use ; Mycoplasma Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; isolation & purification ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; complications ; drug therapy ; Respiratory Sounds ; drug effects ; etiology

Seven meroterpenoids and five small-molecular precursors were isolated from Penicillium sp., an endophytic fungus from Dysosma versipellis. The structures of new compounds, 11beta-acetoxyisoaustinone (1) and isoberkedienolactone (2) were elucidated based on analysis of the spectral data, and the absolute configuration of 2 was established by TDDFT ECD calculation with satisfactory match to its experimental ECD data. Meroterpenoids originated tetraketide and pentaketide precursors, resepectively, were found to be simultaneously produced in specific fungus of Penicillium species. These compounds showed weak cytotoxicity in vitro against HCT-116, HepG2, BGC-823, NCI-H1650, and A2780 cell lines with IC 50 > 10 micromol x L(-1).
Berberidaceae ; microbiology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Lactones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Monoterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Penicillium ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDHemangiopericytomas (HPCs) have a relentless tendency for local recurrence and metastases, differentiating between benign meningiomas and HPCs before surgery is important for both treatment planning and the prognosis appraisal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlations between CT perfusion parameters and microvessel density (MVD) in extra-axial tumors and the possible role of CT perfusion imaging in preoperatively differentiating benign meningiomas and HPCs.

METHODSSeventeen patients with benign meningiomas and peritumoral edema, 12 patients with HPCs and peritumoral edema underwent 64-slice CT perfusion imaging pre-operation. Perfusion was calculated using the Patlak method. The quantitative parameters, include cerebral blood volume (CBV), permeability surface (PS) of parenchyma, peritumoral edema among benign meningiomas and HPCs were compared respectively. CBV and PS in parenchyma, peritumoral edema of benign meningiomas and HPCs were also compared to that of the contrallateral normal white matter respectively. The correlations between CBV, PS of tumoral parenchyma and MVD were examined.

RESULTSThe value of CBV and PS in parenchyma of HPCs were significantly higher than that of benign meningiomas (P < 0.05), while the values of CBV and PS in peritumoral edema of benign meningiomas and HPCs were not significantly different (P > 0.05). MVD in parenchyma of HPCs were significantly higher than that of benign meningiomas (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between CBV and MVD (r = 0.648, P < 0.05), PS and MVD (r = 0.541, P < 0.05) respectively. Furthermore, the value of CBV and PS in parenchyma of benign meningiomas and HPCs were significantly higher than that of contrallateral normal white matter (P < 0.05), the value of CBV in peritumoral edema of benign meningiomas and HPCs were significantly lower than that of contrallateral normal white matter (P < 0.05), while the value of PS in peritumoral edema of benign meningiomas and HPCs were not significantly different with that of contrallateral normal white matter (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCT perfusion imaging can provide critical information on the vascularity of HPC and benign meningiomas. Determination of maximal CBV and corresponding PS values in the parenchyma may be useful in the preoperative differentiating HPC from benign meningiomas.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hemangiopericytoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Meningioma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway in the acute lung injury of severely burned rats.

METHODSForty-eight adult healthy rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, burn control group, and burn + SB203580 group. A third-degree burns over 30% total body surface area rat model was used and pulmonary capillary permeability, lung water content, pulmonary histology and p38 MAPK activity were measured at 24 hours postburn.

RESULTSBurn trauma resulted in increased pulmonary capillary leakage permeability (42.5 +/- 4.7 vs. 12.1 +/- 1.4, P < 0.01), elevated lung water content (P < 0.05), and worsen histologic condition. There was a significant activation of p38 MAPK at 24 hours postburn compared with control. SB203580 inhibited the activation of p38 MAPK, reduced the pulmonary capillary leakage permeability (24.7 +/- 2.9 vs. 42.5 +/- 4.7, P < 0.01), decreased lung water content, and prevented burn-mediated lung injury.

CONCLUSIONThe activation of p38 MAPK is one important aspect of the signaling event that contributes to burn-induced lung injury.

Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Burns ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; Lung ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; physiology ; Pyridines ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; physiology ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases

Adult ; Aged ; Bacterial Infections ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; diagnosis ; immunology ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Young Adult

To optimize the belt drying process conditions optimization of Gardeniae Fructus extract from Reduning injection by Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology, on the basis of single factor experiment, a three-factor and three-level Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to optimize the drying technology of Gardeniae Fructus extract from Reduning injection. With drying temperature, drying time, feeding speed as independent variables and the content of geniposide as dependent variable, the experimental data were fitted to a second order polynomial equation, establishing the mathematical relationship between the content of geniposide and respective variables. With the experimental data analyzed by Design-Expert 8. 0. 6, the optimal drying parameter was as follows: the drying temperature was 98.5 degrees C , the drying time was 89 min, the feeding speed was 99.8 r x min(-1). Three verification experiments were taked under this technology and the measured average content of geniposide was 564. 108 mg x g(-1), which was close to the model prediction: 563. 307 mg x g(-1). According to the verification test, the Gardeniae Fructus belt drying process is steady and feasible. So single factor experiments combined with response surface method (RSM) could be used to optimize the drying technology of Reduning injection Gardenia extract.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Desiccation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Research Design ; Vacuum

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of lidocaine on LPS induced apoptosis of cultured adult rat alveolar Type II (AT-II) cells. METHODS: Cultured cells were exposed to LPS and lidocaine for 24 hours. Apoptosis and necrosis rates of cells were detected by flow cytometry and electron microscope. The activity of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was analyzed by using LDH kits. RESULTS: LPS induced the AT-II cell injuries by increasing not only the necrosis and apoptosis rates but also the LDH release of cultured AT-II in vitro. Lidocaine decreased the necrosis and apoptosis rates of AT-II cells. CONCLUSION Lidocaine can directly inhibit the apoptosis and necrosis induced by LPS in cultured AT-II cells.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Flow Cytometry ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Lidocaine ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Necrosis ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy on embolic cerebral infarction with magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits were performed carotid artery injection of blood clot emboli to induce the animal models of acute cerebral infarction; these models were equally randomized into 4 groups (n=10);non-treatment group was given no treatment; mechanical thrombectomy via femoral artery was performed under DSA 6, 8 and 12 h after the inducement in the 3 treatment groups, respectively. MR-DWI, T1WI and T2WI were performed and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and infarct volume were calculated in each group 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after the inducement. Results DWI demonstrated the ischemic area in all the 40 rabbit models at hyper-acute stage (within 6 h of inducement) with hyperintensity, while T1WI and T2WI showed normal signals. MR-DWI, T1WI and T2WI had significant difference in the relevance ratio of cerebral infarction in these rabbit models at acute stage (within 24 h of inducement, P＜0.05). The DAC value was gradually decreased and the ischemic area was gradually increased at acute stage in the rabbit models of non-treatment group and group of performing mechanical thrombectomy at the 12thh of inducement, however, rabbit models of groups of performing mechanical thrombectomy at the 6th and 8th h of inducement enjoyed the opposite position. The DAC value was higher and the ischemic area was lower 24 h after the inducement in the rabbit models of groups of performing mechanical thrombectomy the 6th and 8th h of inducement as compared with those in the non-treatment group and group of performing mechanical thrombectomy at the 12th h of inducement. Conclusion Mechanical thrombectomy at early stage enjoys significant good results; MR-DWI is a sensitive way in dynamic observing the treatment efficacy of acute cerebral infarction.

OBJECTIVETo establish the high-resolution melting curve (HRM) approach for genotyping CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) and explore its value on estimation of the Warfarin initial dose in comparison with various traditional genotyping methods.

METHODSCYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) genotyping was detected in 100 patients receiving Warfarin therapy by the newly developed HRM method and traditional genotyping methods including PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), TaqMan probe and DNA sequencing.

RESULTSThe results of the genotypes obtained from above mentioned methods to detect CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) were similar and consistent. The HRM method is simpler, more economical, and faster compared to the traditional methods. The frequencies of the VKORC1-1639 AA, AG, GG genotypes from these 100 clinical samples were 73 (73%), 23 (23%), 4 (4%), respectively; Frequencies of the CYP2C9 1075 AA, AC, CC genotypes were 94(94%), 6 cases (6%), 0, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSHRM approach can effectively detect CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) polymorphisms and this method is simpler, more economical, and faster compared to the traditional methods for detecting CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) polymorphisms.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Freezing ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases ; Warfarin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective?To analyze the clinical efficacy and related X-ray findings of patients underwent arthroscopic treatment of femoral acetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome with different anatomical features.?Methods?Twenty-four patients with FAI underwent arthroscopic surgery from September 2015 to December 2016 were selected to analyze the clinical features, postoperative pain, knee joint function, activity and complications.?Results?Compared with those before treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of patients at 7 d, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment, while the Harris scores were significantly increased, at the same time patients’ knee activity was significantly increased, The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The α angle of the hip joint of the cam-type patient was significantly higher than that of the jaw-type, while the eccentricity, acetabular depth, acetabular coverage and centerline (CE) angle were significantly lower than the jaw-type, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); The α angle of the cam-type patient was significantly higher than that of the healthy person’s hip joint, and the eccentricity was significantly lower than that of the healthy person’s hip joint. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the acetabular depth and hip of the clamp-type patient Radon coverage and CE angle were higher than those of hip joints in healthy people, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in acetabular anterior tilt between the three groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of complications in 24 patients underwent arthroscopy was 20.83%.?Conclusion?Hip arthroscopic treatment of hip impingement syndrome can shorten the patient’s pain relief, improve knee function and activity, its effect is good, and different hip anatomical X-ray film was significantly different.