To obtain the genome sequence of human bocavirus 2 (HBoV2), different regions of HBoV2 genome were amplified through PCR in fecal specimens which had been identified as single-positive for HBoV2 in 2010. A genome sequence of HBoV2 (HBoV2-NC, 5444 bp) was obtained after sequence assembly. The phylogenetic analysis showed that HBoV2-NC had the closest evolutionary relationship with HBoV2 Lanzhou strain. The predication of inverted terminal repeats of HBoV2-NC by DINAMelt showed that inverted terminal repeats were contained in HBoV2-NC 5' terminal, which had the typical stem-loop structure in other parvoviruses. Finally, some flanking sequences of HBoV2-NC were amplified by linker-PCR.
Base Sequence ; Gene Amplification ; Genome, Viral ; Human bocavirus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Parvoviridae Infections ; virology ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; chemistry ; genetics ; Terminal Repeat Sequences

Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leeches ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Materia Medica ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Phytotherapy

The picornavirus family comprises many small viruses, several of which are important pathogens of humans and livestock. The 3C protease (3Cpro) of different species and genera of picornavirus contains the classic G-X-C-G motif and Cys-His-Asp/Glu catalytic triad. 3Cpro conducts maturation cleavage in the regions of VP2-VP3 and VP3-VP1 in P1, 2A-2B and 2B-2C in P2 and the whole P3. Picornavirus 3Cpro has been shown to have significant substrate preference in Q-G/S/A/V/H/R and E-S/G/R/M as well as species and genera specificity through analyses of the maturation cleavage of picornavirus polyproteins. Innate immune adaptors such as TRIF, MAVS, IRF3, IRF7 and NEMO have various potential cleavage sites in picornavirus 3Cpro (TRIF and NEMO show considerable diversity in their cleavage sites). Useful information will be provided for the development of broad-spectrum antiviral agents as well as evasion mechanisms of the innate immune system against picornavirus 3Cpro through continued research of picornavirus 3Cpro.
Cysteine Endopeptidases ; physiology ; Immunity, Innate ; Picornaviridae ; enzymology ; immunology ; Viral Proteins ; physiology ; Virus Replication

Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a novel virus that mainly causes respiratory tract infection, and it has the characteristic of genome of Parvovirus, containing three open reading frames that encode non-structural proteins NS1 and NP1 and structural proteins VP1 and VP2. Circular episome is present during the rolling circle replication of HBoV1, which provides the possibility of full genome amplification and infectious clone construction to save HBoV1. The recombination between HBoV1 and HBoV2-4 occurs frequently. With the three-dimensional culture, in vitro culture of HBoV1 provides a powerful tool for research on the pathogenesis of HBoV1. This review focuses on the molecular characteristics, association with diseases, in vitro culture, diagnosis and treatment of HBoV1.
Diarrhea ; virology ; Genomics ; Human bocavirus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Humans ; Meningitis ; virology ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; virology

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia is associated with poor outcome in trauma patients; however, hemorrhagic shock (HS) model with anesthetized swine was different from that of clinical reality. To identify the effects of environmental hypothermia on HS, we investigated hemodynamics and oxygen dynamics in an unanesthetized swine model of HS under simulating hypothermia environment.METHODS: Totally 16 Bama pigs were randomly divided into ambient temperature group (group A) and low temperature group (group B), 8 pigs in each group. Venous blood (30 mL/kg) was continuously withdrawn for more than 15 minutes in conscious swine to establish a hemorrhagic shock model. Pulmonary arterial temperature (Tp), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac output (CO), hemoglobin (Hb), saturation of mixed venous blood (SvO2) and blood gas analysis were recorded at the baseline and different hemorrhagic shock time (HST). The whole body oxygen delivery indices, DO2I and VO2I, and the O2 extraction ratio (O2ER) were calculated.RESULTS: Core body temperature in group A decreased slightly after the hemorrhagic shock model was established, and environmental hypothermia decreased in core body temperature. The mortality rate was significantly higher in group B (50％) than in group A (0％). DO2I and VO2I decreased significantly after hemorrhage. No difference was found in hemodynamics, DO2I and VO2I between group A and group B, but the difference in pH, lactic acid and O2ER was significant between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Environmental hypothermia aggravated the disorder of oxygen metabolism after hemorrhagic shock, which was associated with poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo research the effects and mechanism of Shenqi compound (SQC) on PTEN/ PI3K signal transducing path and angiogenesis in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) caused macroangiopathy.

METHODGK rats with blood sugar > or = 11.1 mmol/L were divided into 4 groups, the GK group, the model group, the Western medicine (WM) group treated by atorvastatin 1.5 mg/(kg x d) and the Chinese medicine (CM) group treated with SQC 1.44 g/(kg x d). All were fed 35 days with high fatty diet, but to the latter three groups, N omega-nitriyl-L-arginine methyl ester 0.1 mg/mL was added into their drinking water for macroangiopathy model establishing. Besides, a group of normal Wistar rats fed with ordinary forage was set for control. Rat's blood glucose and lipids were measured, morphology of abdominal aorta wall tissue was observed with HE staining, and mRNA expressions of PTEN and PI3Kp85 in aortic wall were detected by Real-time PCR.

RESULTSGeneral condition, gluco-lipid metabolism and aortic morphology in the CM group were significantly better than those in the model group. PTEN mRNA expression in the CM group (1.10 +/- 0.48) was significantly higher than that in the GK group (0.63 +/- 0.16) and the model group (0.17 +/- 0.07, both P < 0.01), but near to that in the WM group (1.11 +/- 0.46), while the PI3Kp85 mRNA expression in the TCM group (0.19 +/- 0.05) was lower than that in the GK group (1.38 +/- 0.43, P < 0.01), but near to that in the model group (0.33 +/- 0.09) and the WM group (0.11 +/- 0.06, both P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSQC could increase the PTEN mRNA expression and restrain the PI3Kp85 mRNA expression in aorta, which is possibly the partial mechanisms of action of the remedy in inhibiting angiogenesis and preventing diabetic macroangiopathy.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Aorta ; metabolism ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Atherosclerosis ; prevention & control ; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Panax ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

A method for the determination of Fe, Co, Mn and Ni in synthetic diamonds by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ( ICP-AES) was proposed. The synthetic diamond sample was decomposed completely, while the sample was burned in air at 1000 ℃ for 10 h, and then a mixed acid of H2 SO4 , aqua regia and HClO4 was used for the dissolving the residue of the sample. In this method, the limits of detection of Fe, Co, Mn and Ni were 0. 0147, 0. 0018, 0. 0006 and 0. 0027 mg/L, respectively. Under the optimum condition, Fe, Co, Mn and Ni in synthetic diamond sample were determined. The values of RSDs (n=7) were less than 0. 5%. The recoveries of added standard were 94. 0%-105. 0%.

A method for the simultaneous determination of oxygen and nitrogen in synthetic diamonds by inert gas high temperature extraction-impulse heating method was proposed. The sample weight, the selection of analysis power and the calibration curves of oxygen and nitrogen were discussed. Oxygen and nitrogen in analytical samples are determined. Values of RSDs (n=7) for oxygen and nitrogen were less than 4. 5% and 4. 0% respectively. The analytical results of oxygen and nitrogen obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those by inert gas fusion-impulse heating method.

AIM: To investigate the ocular complication after radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).METHODS: The authors performed a previous study on keratopathy in 213 NPC patients who received first stage radiation and had at least 10 months of follow-up. These patients were categorized into three groups depending on NPC clinic stages. Rates and proportions of keratopathy occurring in these groups were compared and analyzed with Chi-square Test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient.RESULTS: Radiation keratopathy developed in 19 patients, about 8.9% (19/213). The latency value was 3 to 30days. The effect of NPC clinic stages and radiation did on the development of keratopathy was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: The NPC clinic stages and radiation doses plays few effects on the development of keratopathy. It may play a key role that corneal nerves damage induced ocular surface diseases. It can not be excluded that individuals have different sensitivities to radiation.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Bronchi ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Mucous Membrane ; metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Sensitivity and Specificity